Delimiting genetic units in Neotropical toads under incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization

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dc.contributor.authorThome, Maria Tereza C.
dc.contributor.authorZamudio, Kelly R.
dc.contributor.authorHaddad, Celio F. B.
dc.contributor.authorAlexandrino, João [UNIFESP]
dc.contributor.institutionUniv Estadual Paulista
dc.contributor.institutionCornell Univ
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
dc.date.accessioned2016-01-24T14:28:09Z
dc.date.available2016-01-24T14:28:09Z
dc.date.issued2012-12-11
dc.description.abstractBackground: Delimiting genetic units is useful to enhance taxonomic discovery and is often the first step toward understanding evolutionary mechanisms generating diversification. the six species within the Rhinella crucifer group of toads were defined under morphological criteria alone. Previous data suggest limited correspondence of these species to mitochondrial lineages, and morphological intergradation at transitions between forms suggests hybridization. Here we extensively sampled populations throughout the geographic distribution of the group and analyzed mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data to delimit genetic units using tree-based and allele frequency-based approaches.Results: These approaches yielded complementary results, with allele frequency-based methods performing unexpectedly well given the limited number of loci examined. Both mitochondrial and nuclear markers supported a genetic structure of five units within the group, with three of the inferred units distributed within its main range, while two other units occur in separate isolates. the inferred units are mostly discordant with currently described forms: unequivocal association exists for only two of the six species in the group. Genetic evidence for hybridization exists for two pairs of units, with clear cyto-nuclear allele mixing observed in one case.Conclusions: Our results confirmed that current taxonomy does not represent evolutionary units in the Rhinella crucifer group. Correspondence between genetically distinguishable units and the currently recognized species is only possible for Rhinella henseli and R. inopina. the recognition of other species relies on the reassessment of the geographic range of R. crucifer, the examination of the type series of R. ornata for hybrids, and on the use of additional markers to verify the genetic distinctiveness of R. abei. We state that R. pombali should not remain a valid species since its description appears to be based on hybrids, and that the name R. pombali should be considered a synonym of both R. crucifer and R. ornata. the fifth inferred but undescribed genetic unit may represent a new species. Our results underscore the potential of the R. crucifer species group to contribute to a better understanding of diversification processes and hybridization patterns in the Neotropics, and provide the basis for future evolutionary and taxonomic studies.en
dc.description.affiliationUniv Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-19913506 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationCornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
dc.description.affiliationUNIFESP Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnifespUNIFESP Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, Brazil
dc.description.sourceWeb of Science
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Science Foundation
dc.description.sponsorshipSociety of Systematic Biologists
dc.description.sponsorshipConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.description.sponsorshipMicrosoft Corporation
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 2005/52727-5
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 2008/50928-1
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 07/52136-2
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 06/56938-3
dc.format.extent13
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-12-242
dc.identifier.citationBmc Evolutionary Biology. London: Biomed Central Ltd, v. 12, 13 p., 2012.
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/1471-2148-12-242
dc.identifier.fileWOS000315049500001.pdf
dc.identifier.issn1471-2148
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/35611
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000315049500001
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherBiomed Central Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofBmc Evolutionary Biology
dc.rightsAcesso aberto
dc.subjectRhinella crucifer groupen
dc.subjectSpecies complexen
dc.subjectBufonidaeen
dc.subjectTaxonomyen
dc.titleDelimiting genetic units in Neotropical toads under incomplete lineage sorting and hybridizationen
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