Microbiota oral e seu papel no binômio saúde-doença
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Date
2023-01-13
Authors
Gomes, Natalia, da Silva [UNIFESP]
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Pereira, Claudia Cristina Alves [UNIFESP]
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Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
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Abstract
Resumo: A cavidade oral apresenta uma infinidade de microrganismos benéficos e patogênicos. Estes, constituem a microbiota oral, interagem entre si e determinam condições de saúde ou doenças bucais. O desequilíbrio entre bactérias benéficas e patogênicas estabelecem um estado de disbiose, onde microrganismos patogênicos ultrapassam quantitativamente as espécies benéficas. A disbiose contribui nas modificações da barreira da mucosa oral, além de estar fortemente associada com doenças sistêmicas e orais, como a periodontite.
Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo principal identificar o papel da microbiota oral e sua interface entre saúde e doença, e investigar se agentes biomoduladores como prebióticos, probióticos ou simbióticos possuem potencial para contribuir como adjuvantes na prevenção ou controle de doenças bucais.
Material e métodos: O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura realizada através da base eletrônica de dados Pubmed. Foram selecionados apenas artigos científicos em inglês, publicados entre 2018 e 2022, e nesse levantamento foi aplicado ao descritor palavras-chave como “oral disease”, “oral mucosal barrier”, “oral microbiota microrganisms”, “prebiotics”, “probiotics” e “synbiotics”.
Resultados e discussão: Os resultados sugerem que a terapia convencional pode ser associada a agentes biomoduladores, e que essa suplementação pode ser uma potente estratégia para prevenir ou tratar doenças orais.
Conclusão: O processo de disbiose é capaz de prejudicar a saúde do hospedeiro, podendo resultar tanto no surgimento quanto no agravamento de doenças orais. É de suma importância optar pelo uso de estratégias que possam garantir a diversidade, equilíbrio e composição da microbiota oral. A oferta de suplementos prebióticos, probióticos ou simbióticos podem intervir positivamente na função imunológica e sistêmica, além de reduzir a inflamação promovida pela disbiose oral.
Abstract: The oral cavity presents a multitude of beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms. These constitute the oral microbiota, interact with each other and determine oral health conditions or diseases. The imbalance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria establishes a state of dysbiosis, where pathogenic microorganisms quantitatively outnumber the beneficial species. Dysbiosis contributes to changes in the oral mucosal barrier, and is strongly associated with oral and systemic diseases, such as periodontitis. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to identify the role of the oral microbiota and its interface between health and disease, and to investigate whether biomodulatory agents such as prebiotics, probiotics or symbiotics have the potential to contribute as adjuvants in the prevention or control of oral diseases. Material and methods: This study is a literature review carried out using the Pubmed electronic database. Only scientific articles in English, published between 2018 and 2022, were selected, and in this survey it was applied to the descriptor keywords such as "oral disease", "oral mucosal barrier", "oral microbiota microorganisms", "prebiotics", "probiotics" and "synbiotics". Results and discussion: The results suggest that conventional therapy can be associated with biomodulatory agents, and that this supplementation can be a powerful strategy to prevent or treat oral diseases. Conclusion: The dysbiosis process is capable of harming the host's health, and may result in both the onset and worsening of oral diseases. It is of utmost importance to opt for the use of strategies that can ensure the diversity, balance, and composition of the oral microbiota. Offering prebiotic, probiotic, or symbiotic supplements can positively intervene in immune and systemic function, and reduce the inflammation promoted by oral dysbiosis.
Abstract: The oral cavity presents a multitude of beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms. These constitute the oral microbiota, interact with each other and determine oral health conditions or diseases. The imbalance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria establishes a state of dysbiosis, where pathogenic microorganisms quantitatively outnumber the beneficial species. Dysbiosis contributes to changes in the oral mucosal barrier, and is strongly associated with oral and systemic diseases, such as periodontitis. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to identify the role of the oral microbiota and its interface between health and disease, and to investigate whether biomodulatory agents such as prebiotics, probiotics or symbiotics have the potential to contribute as adjuvants in the prevention or control of oral diseases. Material and methods: This study is a literature review carried out using the Pubmed electronic database. Only scientific articles in English, published between 2018 and 2022, were selected, and in this survey it was applied to the descriptor keywords such as "oral disease", "oral mucosal barrier", "oral microbiota microorganisms", "prebiotics", "probiotics" and "synbiotics". Results and discussion: The results suggest that conventional therapy can be associated with biomodulatory agents, and that this supplementation can be a powerful strategy to prevent or treat oral diseases. Conclusion: The dysbiosis process is capable of harming the host's health, and may result in both the onset and worsening of oral diseases. It is of utmost importance to opt for the use of strategies that can ensure the diversity, balance, and composition of the oral microbiota. Offering prebiotic, probiotic, or symbiotic supplements can positively intervene in immune and systemic function, and reduce the inflammation promoted by oral dysbiosis.
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Citation
GOMES, Natalia, da Silva. Microbiota oral e seu papel no binômio saúde-doença. 2023. 21 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Nutrição) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2023.