Oficina deu branco: proposta de intervenção grupal em Terapia Ocupacional para pessoas idosas com queixas subjetivas de memória
Data
2022-12-16
Autores
Santos, Elisabethe Oliveira dos [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Novelli, Marcia Maria Pires Camargo [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: A competência cognitiva é considerada por diversos estudos como um aspecto
importante para um envelhecimento bem-sucedido e, consequentemente, para a qualidade de
vida de pessoas idosas. No entanto, existem poucos estudos de ações de intervenção da Terapia
Ocupacional para pessoas idosas com queixas subjetivas de memória, com enfoque cognitivo.
Objetivo: Desenvolver uma proposta de intervenção terapêutica ocupacional grupal para
pessoas idosas com queixas subjetivas de memória, com enfoque cognitivo. Materiais e
Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo de fase teórico/prático para o desenvolvimento de uma
proposta de intervenção em Terapia Ocupacional que foi desenvolvido em duas fases: 1ª fase –
construção do suporte teórico sobre envelhecimento cognitivo saudável e construção das
evidências científicas sobre intervenções cognitivas para pessoas idosas realizados através de
revisão sistemática; 2ª fase - Desenvolvimento da proposta de intervenção e elaboração das
atividades que serão desenvolvidas na Oficina. A 1ª fase foi desenvolvida a partir de revisão
sistemática utilizando as recomendações Cochrane e Prisma, como o mnemônico PICOT. A
seleção dos estudos foi realizada pelos títulos e resumos e os artigos selecionados foram lidos
na íntegra por dois revisores independentes que fizeram a extração das informações foco do
estudo. Na 2ª fase utilizamos uma proposta de desenvolvimento de intervenções que envolveu
a identificação do problema; classificação e priorização, explicação e descrição do problema;
elaboração do plano de intervenção com a análise de viabilidade do plano. Resultados: 1ª fase
- foi possível identificar que existe um corpo de conhecimento bem estabelecido a respeito de
quais domínios e estruturas cerebrais sofrem com o impacto do envelhecimento e que
repercutirão no desempenho cognitivo das pessoas idosas. Em relação às intervenções, não
existe consenso quanto ao tempo, número de sessões e número de participantes, bem como
domínios cognitivos estimulados para um resultado satisfatório. 2ª fase - a proposta de
intervenção desenvolvida a partir da revisão possui a seguinte estrutura: 10 a 15 participantes;
dois terapeutas ocupacionais coordenando as atividades; uma sessão/semana de 90 minutos; 12
sessões de estimulação, sendo que são propostos a estimulação dos seguintes aspectos
cognitivos: atenção, funcionamento executivo, memória de curto prazo e memória episódica.
Conclusão: A partir desse estudo foi desenhada uma proposta de intervenção grupal para
pessoas idosas com queixas subjetivas de memória em uma abordagem grupal com foco na
estimulação dos domínios que costumam declinar no envelhecimento cognitivo saudável.
Introduction: Cognitive competence is considered by several studies as an important aspect for successful aging and, consequently, for the quality of life of elderly people. However, there are few studies of occupational therapy intervention actions for elderly people with subjective memory complaints, with a cognitive focus. Objective: To develop a proposal for a group occupational therapeutic intervention for elderly people with subjective memory complaints, with a cognitive focus. Materials and Methods: It was a theoretical/practical phase study for the development of an intervention proposal in occupational therapy that was developed in 2 phases: 1st. Phase – Construction of theoretical support on healthy cognitive aging and Construction of scientific evidence on Cognitive Interventions for elderly people carried out through a systematic review; 2nd. Phase - Development of the intervention proposal and elaboration of the activities that will be developed in the Workshop. The 1st phase was developed from a systematic review using the Cochrane and Prisma recommendations, such as the PICOT mnemonic. The selection of studies was carried out by titles and abstracts and the selected articles were read in full by two independent reviewers who extracted the information that was the focus of the study. In the 2nd phase, we used a proposal for the development of interventions that involved identifying the problem; classification and prioritization, explanation and description of the problem; preparation of the intervention plan with the feasibility analysis of the plan. Results: 1st. Phase - It was possible to identify that there is a well-established body of knowledge about which brain domains and structures suffer from the impact of aging and which will have repercussions on the cognitive performance of the elderly. Regarding interventions, there is no consensus regarding time, number of sessions and number of participants, as well as cognitive domains stimulated for a satisfactory result; 2nd. Phase - The intervention proposal developed from the review has the following structure: 10 to 15 participants, 2 occupational therapists coordinating the activities, 1 session/week of 90 minutes with 12 stimulation sessions, and the stimulation of the following aspects is proposed cognitive: attention, executive functioning, short-term memory and episodic memory. Conclusion: Based on this study, a group intervention proposal was designed for elderly people with subjective memory complaints in a group approach, focusing on stimulation of domains that tend to decline in healthy cognitive aging.
Introduction: Cognitive competence is considered by several studies as an important aspect for successful aging and, consequently, for the quality of life of elderly people. However, there are few studies of occupational therapy intervention actions for elderly people with subjective memory complaints, with a cognitive focus. Objective: To develop a proposal for a group occupational therapeutic intervention for elderly people with subjective memory complaints, with a cognitive focus. Materials and Methods: It was a theoretical/practical phase study for the development of an intervention proposal in occupational therapy that was developed in 2 phases: 1st. Phase – Construction of theoretical support on healthy cognitive aging and Construction of scientific evidence on Cognitive Interventions for elderly people carried out through a systematic review; 2nd. Phase - Development of the intervention proposal and elaboration of the activities that will be developed in the Workshop. The 1st phase was developed from a systematic review using the Cochrane and Prisma recommendations, such as the PICOT mnemonic. The selection of studies was carried out by titles and abstracts and the selected articles were read in full by two independent reviewers who extracted the information that was the focus of the study. In the 2nd phase, we used a proposal for the development of interventions that involved identifying the problem; classification and prioritization, explanation and description of the problem; preparation of the intervention plan with the feasibility analysis of the plan. Results: 1st. Phase - It was possible to identify that there is a well-established body of knowledge about which brain domains and structures suffer from the impact of aging and which will have repercussions on the cognitive performance of the elderly. Regarding interventions, there is no consensus regarding time, number of sessions and number of participants, as well as cognitive domains stimulated for a satisfactory result; 2nd. Phase - The intervention proposal developed from the review has the following structure: 10 to 15 participants, 2 occupational therapists coordinating the activities, 1 session/week of 90 minutes with 12 stimulation sessions, and the stimulation of the following aspects is proposed cognitive: attention, executive functioning, short-term memory and episodic memory. Conclusion: Based on this study, a group intervention proposal was designed for elderly people with subjective memory complaints in a group approach, focusing on stimulation of domains that tend to decline in healthy cognitive aging.
Descrição
Citação
SANTOS, Elisabethe Oliveira dos. Oficina deu branco: proposta de intervenção grupal em Terapia Ocupacional para pessoas idosas com queixas subjetivas de memória. 2022. 44 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Terapia Ocupacional) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.