Analise da relação custo-benefício de um sistema de captação de água de chuva em uma indústria química para uso em torre de resfriamento
Date
2022-12-15
Authors
Jung, Gustavo Aguiar [UNIFESP]
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Pontes, Ricardo de Freitas Fernandes [UNIFESP]
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Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
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Abstract
Realizou-se um estudo de análise custo-benefício de uma implementação de sistema envolvendo captação de água de chuva para utilização em torres de resfriamento com intuito de economizar água em uma empresa química do ramo da celulose situada na região da cidade de Santo André do estado de São Paulo. A empresa química estudada demostrou uma alta demanda de água de processos e, por meio de discussões com colaboradores e utilização de metodologia de melhoria de processos, chegou-se à conclusão de que uma parcela deste gasto excessivo proveem do abastecimento dos trocadores de calor denominados de Torres de Resfriamento, os quais perdem uma quantidade de água com evaporação durante o seu funcionamento. Para solucionar o problema, surgiu a ideia de utilizar água proveniente de chuva e, assim, contrapor gastos com o recurso hídrico. Primeiramente, foi feito um estudo pluviométrico da região em que a empresa está localizada com auxílio dos dados disponibilizados pelo site da prefeitura do município de Santo André para entender se há quantidade de chuva suficiente ao decorrer do ano, concretizando a viabilidade de exercer o abastecimento alternativo das Torres de Resfriamento. Em seguida, realizou-se uma caracterização e análise da água de chuva ao compara-la com a água utilizada atualmente nas Torres de Resfriamento com o objetivo de reconhecer que esta, ao ser utilizada, não afeta os processos em vigor na planta. Posteriormente, por meio de dados quantitativos e valores financeiros relacionados com a água de processos envolvendo as Torres de Resfriamento da empresa, disponibilizados por colaboradores da área financeira, foram discutidos os custos necessários para instalação e operação de um projeto piloto de captação de água de chuva, além do dimensionamento de dispositivos imprescindíveis para o funcionamento de um sistema de captação de água de chuva de acordo com as circunstâncias da região e edificações existentes. Por fim, foi feito um balanço quantitativo e econômico para calcular os benefícios em detrimento da implementação e, assim, determinar o tempo de retorno do investimento em 4 anos.
A cost-benefit analysis study was carried out of a system implementation involving rainwater capture for use in cooling towers in order to save water in a chemical company in the cellulose branch located in the region of the city of Santo André in the state from Sao Paulo. The chemical company studied showed a high demand for process water and, through discussions with employees and the use of process improvement methodology, it was concluded that a portion of this excessive expense comes from the supply of heat exchangers called Cooling Towers, which lose a quantity of water through evaporation during operation. To solve the problem, the idea of using rainwater came up and, thus, counteracting expenses with the water resource. First, a rainfall study was carried out in the region where the company is located, using data provided by the Santo André City Hall website to understand whether there is sufficient rainfall throughout the year, making it feasible to carry out an alternative supply. of the Cooling Towers. Then, a characterization and analysis of the rainwater was carried out by comparing it with the water currently used in the Cooling Towers in order to recognize that this, when used, does not affect the processes in force in the plant. Subsequently, through quantitative data and financial values related to process water involving the company's Cooling Towers, made available by employees in the financial area, the necessary costs for the installation and operation of a pilot project to capture rainwater were discussed, in addition to the dimensioning of essential devices for the operation of a rainwater harvesting system according to the circumstances of the region and existing buildings. Finally, a quantitative and economic balance was made to calculate the benefits to the detriment of the implementation and, thus, determine the payback time of the investment in 4 years.
A cost-benefit analysis study was carried out of a system implementation involving rainwater capture for use in cooling towers in order to save water in a chemical company in the cellulose branch located in the region of the city of Santo André in the state from Sao Paulo. The chemical company studied showed a high demand for process water and, through discussions with employees and the use of process improvement methodology, it was concluded that a portion of this excessive expense comes from the supply of heat exchangers called Cooling Towers, which lose a quantity of water through evaporation during operation. To solve the problem, the idea of using rainwater came up and, thus, counteracting expenses with the water resource. First, a rainfall study was carried out in the region where the company is located, using data provided by the Santo André City Hall website to understand whether there is sufficient rainfall throughout the year, making it feasible to carry out an alternative supply. of the Cooling Towers. Then, a characterization and analysis of the rainwater was carried out by comparing it with the water currently used in the Cooling Towers in order to recognize that this, when used, does not affect the processes in force in the plant. Subsequently, through quantitative data and financial values related to process water involving the company's Cooling Towers, made available by employees in the financial area, the necessary costs for the installation and operation of a pilot project to capture rainwater were discussed, in addition to the dimensioning of essential devices for the operation of a rainwater harvesting system according to the circumstances of the region and existing buildings. Finally, a quantitative and economic balance was made to calculate the benefits to the detriment of the implementation and, thus, determine the payback time of the investment in 4 years.