Leituras críticas à relação entre extrativismo e desenvolvimento em governos progressistas sul-americanos
Data
2021
Autores
Sato, Fernando Cunha [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Santos, Fábio Luis Barbosa dos [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é discutir as leituras críticas à relação entre extrativismo e desenvolvimento nos governos progressistas sul-americanos. Portanto, o que se deseja conhecer é como autores latino-americanos, críticos aos governos progressistas, debruçaram-se sobre a intensificação do extrativismo enquanto uma aposta para o desenvolvimento econômico e captar as convergências e nuances destas leituras. Ao se analisar a obra destes autores Maristella Svampa, Edgardo Lander, Eduardo Gudynas, Raul Zibechi, podemos refletir sobre as características do extrativismo progressista; o papel do Estado na promoção do extrativismo; a ideia de desenvolvimento nos governos progressistas; seus impactos sociais, na violação de direitos e a relação entre os horizontes progressista e o neoliberalismo.
Temos como hipótese deste trabalho: as análises críticas destes autores permitem inferir que os governos progressistas latino-americanos, ao adotarem uma retórica desenvolvimentista em seus programas econômicos, intensificaram o processo extrativista, acentuaram o caráter primário-exportador de seus países, não alterando esta estrutura, haja vista o aprofundamento da extração mineira e petrolífera, avançando, inclusive em outros setores, dentre eles as monoculturas de exportação e provocando uma série de conflitos sociais decorrentes do aumento da desigualdade social, violação de direitos e impactos ambientais no interior desses países. Para a elaboração da metodologia cientifica deste trabalho monográfico, empregamos fontes secundárias, aplicando o método hipotético dedutivo.
The main objective of this research is to discuss critical readings on the relationship between extractivism and development in progressive South American governments. Therefore, what we want to know is how Latin American authors, critics of progressive governments, focused on the intensification of extractivism as a bet for economic development and capture the convergences and nuances of these readings. By analyzing the work of these authors (Maristella Svampa, Edgardo Lander, Eduardo Gudynas, Raul Zibechi), we can reflect on the characteristics of progressive extractivism; the role of the State in promoting extractivism; the idea of development in progressive governments; its social impacts and the violation of rights and the relationship between the progressive horizon and neoliberalism. The hypothesis of this work is: the critical analysis of these authors allow us to infer that the progressive Latin American governments, by adopting a developmentalist rhetoric in their economic programs, intensified the extractive process, accentuated the primary-exporting character of their countries, without changing this structure , considering deepening of mining and oil extraction, advancing, including other sectors, into export monocultures. It provokes a series of social conflicts arising from the increase in social inequality, violation of rights and environmental impacts within these countries. The scientific methodology of this monographic work employs secondary sources, applying the hypothetical deductive method.
The main objective of this research is to discuss critical readings on the relationship between extractivism and development in progressive South American governments. Therefore, what we want to know is how Latin American authors, critics of progressive governments, focused on the intensification of extractivism as a bet for economic development and capture the convergences and nuances of these readings. By analyzing the work of these authors (Maristella Svampa, Edgardo Lander, Eduardo Gudynas, Raul Zibechi), we can reflect on the characteristics of progressive extractivism; the role of the State in promoting extractivism; the idea of development in progressive governments; its social impacts and the violation of rights and the relationship between the progressive horizon and neoliberalism. The hypothesis of this work is: the critical analysis of these authors allow us to infer that the progressive Latin American governments, by adopting a developmentalist rhetoric in their economic programs, intensified the extractive process, accentuated the primary-exporting character of their countries, without changing this structure , considering deepening of mining and oil extraction, advancing, including other sectors, into export monocultures. It provokes a series of social conflicts arising from the increase in social inequality, violation of rights and environmental impacts within these countries. The scientific methodology of this monographic work employs secondary sources, applying the hypothetical deductive method.