Adolescência e Juventude na Atenção Primária à Saúde: os significados e os sentidos atribuídos ao cuidado à adolescência e juventude por profissionais de NASF em Santos-SP
Data
2024-06-26
Autores
Anjos, André Souza dos 
Orientadores
Castro-Silva, Carlos Roberto de
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
Esta pesquisa procurou compreender os significados e os sentidos atribuídos ao cuidado à adolescência e à juventude (A&J) no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) por profissionais de saúde trabalhadores do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) no município de Santos-SP. Para isso, utilizou a abordagem qualitativa, método descritivo, com a seleção de sujeitos voluntários, num total de sete, com atuação profissional no NASF por no mínimo um ano. Para a coleta de dados, utilizamos o método da entrevista semiestruturada e da pesquisa documental, com o cenário da pesquisa sendo a Seção de Apoio à Saúde da Comunidade (SEATESC) vinculada ao Departamento de Atenção Primária à Saúde, na Secretaria Municipal de Saúde da cidade de Santos. Entre os resultados obtidos, foi possível constatar os desafios do cuidado em saúde à população A&J, por meio do cuidado médico-hegemônico, a insuficiência da gestão da APS em fomentar ações e diretrizes para o cuidado a esse grupo e a sobrecarga de trabalhadores que têm dificuldades em lidar com a rotina do trabalho diário e, consequentemente, em ofertar cuidado a um público que requer maior empenho. A subjetividade dos profissionais interessados em promover ações à A&J se mostrou insuficiente do mesmo modo. Outros desafios identificados no âmbito da APS para atendimento desse público têm relação com os estigmas, o preconceito e a compreensão limitada da adolescência e da juventude por parte desses trabalhadores da saúde e a presença da desigualdade social produzida pela sociedade capitalista. No entanto, pudemos observar como ponto positivo a potência da intersetorialidade, das tecnologias-leve, do apoio matricial, do protagonismo juvenil e da compreensão não naturalizante da adolescência e da juventude.
This research has tried to understand the meanings assigned to the care of adolescence and youth within the scope of PHC by health professionals working at NASF in Santos’s City. To do this, it used a qualitative approach, a descriptive method, with the assortment of subjects through voluntary means, by criteria as being that the professional had worked in a Family Health Support Center for at least 1 (one) year. 7 volunteers have participated. For data collection, the semi-structured interview method and documentary research were used, with the research setting being the Community Health Support Section (SEATESC) linked to the Primary Health Care Management, at Santos Municipal Health Department. Among the results, it was possible to note the challenges of health care for Y&T population through hegemonic medical care, in the insufficiency of PHC management in promoting actions and guidelines for care for this group, as well as the overload of workers who have difficulties in dealing with the daily work routine and consequently offering care to a public that requires greater commitment. The subjectivity of professionals interested in promoting actions to Y&T proved to be insufficient in the same way. Other challenges such as stigma, prejudgement and limited comprehension of adolescence and young people who are generally involved in PHC is a characteristic reported by these workers; social inequality produced by capitalist society is also a challenge. On the other hand, the power of intersectorality, light technologies and matrix support was viewed, in addition to youth protagonism and the non-naturalizing understanding of adolescence and youth.
This research has tried to understand the meanings assigned to the care of adolescence and youth within the scope of PHC by health professionals working at NASF in Santos’s City. To do this, it used a qualitative approach, a descriptive method, with the assortment of subjects through voluntary means, by criteria as being that the professional had worked in a Family Health Support Center for at least 1 (one) year. 7 volunteers have participated. For data collection, the semi-structured interview method and documentary research were used, with the research setting being the Community Health Support Section (SEATESC) linked to the Primary Health Care Management, at Santos Municipal Health Department. Among the results, it was possible to note the challenges of health care for Y&T population through hegemonic medical care, in the insufficiency of PHC management in promoting actions and guidelines for care for this group, as well as the overload of workers who have difficulties in dealing with the daily work routine and consequently offering care to a public that requires greater commitment. The subjectivity of professionals interested in promoting actions to Y&T proved to be insufficient in the same way. Other challenges such as stigma, prejudgement and limited comprehension of adolescence and young people who are generally involved in PHC is a characteristic reported by these workers; social inequality produced by capitalist society is also a challenge. On the other hand, the power of intersectorality, light technologies and matrix support was viewed, in addition to youth protagonism and the non-naturalizing understanding of adolescence and youth.
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Citação
ANJOS, André Souza dos. Adolescência e Juventude na Atenção Primária à Saúde: os significados e os sentidos atribuídos ao cuidado à adolescência e juventude por profissionais de NASF em Santos-SP. 2024. 297 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Santos, 2024.