Mudança espaço temporal entre os anos 1962 e 2015 das áreas verdes do município de Diadema e dos potenciais beneficiários dos serviços ecossistêmicos associados
Data
2022-02-10
Autores
Siqueira, Bruna Souto 
Orientadores
Vieira, Elisa Hardt Alves
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Nos últimos 60 anos, a urbanização e o aumento da densidade demográfica alteraram significativamente a paisagem e uso do solo do município de Diadema, principalmente em relação às áreas verdes. Neste período a perda de áreas vegetadas pode ter resultado em alterações na qualidade ambiental das áreas urbanas e no provimento de importantes funções nomeadas de serviços ecossistêmicos, como os serviços culturais, de drenagem, recreação, regulação do clima, da qualidade do ar, entre outros. Neste contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo estudar a mudança espaço-temporal entre os anos de 1962 e 2015 nas áreas verdes do munícipio de Diadema através da elaboração de mapas de cobertura de vegetação arbustivo-arbórea por fotointerpretação de ortofotos aéreas dos anos de 1962 e 2015. Além disso, o estudo objetivou caracterizar os potenciais serviços ecossistêmicos associados e identificar os beneficiários através da caracterização de uso e cobertura da terra presente no entorno das áreas verdes. Os resultados mostraram que em 1962, 4,2% do Município era coberto por áreas verdes, e em 2015 esse número reduz para 3%, sendo que 91% das áreas mapeadas não estão registradas em documentos oficiais da Prefeitura como equipamentos de lazer. Parques e praças foram os equipamentos de lazer de maior ocorrência de áreas verdes. Considerando as áreas verdes oficiais como promovedoras de serviços culturais e as áreas sem classificação como serviços regulatórios, os resultados indicaram que 54% do Município estaria sendo beneficiado pelos serviços culturais, enquanto 74% beneficiadas pelos serviços regulatórios.
A sobreposição dessas áreas com o mapa do uso e cobertura da terra indicou que o urbano altamente adensado, a indústria e o urbano médio adensado são os usos sob maior influência das áreas verdes no Município e potencialmente os maiores beneficiários dos serviços promovidos. Apenas 30% das áreas urbanas de uso majoritariamente residencial se beneficiam diretamente dos serviços ecossistêmicos, indicando a carência de áreas verdes no município. As análises indicam que há uma subutilização das áreas verdes do Município, pois faltam registros oficiais que incluam essas áreas no planejamento urbano para que haja a continuidade na promoção dos serviços ecossistêmicos associados.
In the last 60 years, urbanization and the increase in population density have significantly altered the landscape and land use of the municipality of Diadema, especially in relation to green areas. In this period, the loss of vegetated areas may have resulted in changes in the environmental quality of urban areas and in the provision of important functions named ecosystem services, such as cultural services, drainage, recreation, climate regulation, air quality, among others. In this context, this study aimed to study the space-time change between the years 1962 and 2015 in the green areas of the municipality of Diadema through the elaboration of maps of cover of shrubby-tree vegetation by photointerpretation of aerial orthophotos from the years 1962 and 2015. 2015. In addition, the study aimed to characterize the potential associated ecosystem services and identify the beneficiaries through the characterization of use and land cover present in the surroundings of green areas. The results showed that in 1962, 4.2% of the Municipality was covered by green areas, and in 2015 this number reduces to 3%, with 91% of the mapped areas not being registered in official documents of the City Hall as leisure facilities. Parks and squares were the leisure facilities with the highest occurrence of green areas. Considering official green areas as promoters of cultural services and areas not classified as regulatory services, the results indicated that 54% of the Municipality would be benefiting from cultural services, while 74% benefited from regulatory services.The superposition of these urban areas with the map and indication of the land indicated that the highly dense urban, the industry and the larger urban average uses of the areas with influence of the green areas are influences in the Municipality and are the most indicated for the services of the use. Only 30% of urban areas with mostly residential use benefit directly from ecosystem services, indicating the lack of green areas in the municipality. The green schools that indicate an underutilization of the municipal areas of the Municipality, as there is a lack of planning of the areas that there is a continuity in the promotion of associated systemic services.
In the last 60 years, urbanization and the increase in population density have significantly altered the landscape and land use of the municipality of Diadema, especially in relation to green areas. In this period, the loss of vegetated areas may have resulted in changes in the environmental quality of urban areas and in the provision of important functions named ecosystem services, such as cultural services, drainage, recreation, climate regulation, air quality, among others. In this context, this study aimed to study the space-time change between the years 1962 and 2015 in the green areas of the municipality of Diadema through the elaboration of maps of cover of shrubby-tree vegetation by photointerpretation of aerial orthophotos from the years 1962 and 2015. 2015. In addition, the study aimed to characterize the potential associated ecosystem services and identify the beneficiaries through the characterization of use and land cover present in the surroundings of green areas. The results showed that in 1962, 4.2% of the Municipality was covered by green areas, and in 2015 this number reduces to 3%, with 91% of the mapped areas not being registered in official documents of the City Hall as leisure facilities. Parks and squares were the leisure facilities with the highest occurrence of green areas. Considering official green areas as promoters of cultural services and areas not classified as regulatory services, the results indicated that 54% of the Municipality would be benefiting from cultural services, while 74% benefited from regulatory services.The superposition of these urban areas with the map and indication of the land indicated that the highly dense urban, the industry and the larger urban average uses of the areas with influence of the green areas are influences in the Municipality and are the most indicated for the services of the use. Only 30% of urban areas with mostly residential use benefit directly from ecosystem services, indicating the lack of green areas in the municipality. The green schools that indicate an underutilization of the municipal areas of the Municipality, as there is a lack of planning of the areas that there is a continuity in the promotion of associated systemic services.