O Transtorno de Espectro Autista e os relatos de familiares nas redes sociais: o que está em jogo?
Data
2024-11-25
Autores
Santos, Daiane Souza dos 
Orientadores
Frutuoso, Maria Fernanda Petroli
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma condição de neurodesenvolvimento que possui origem multifatorial e que pode acarretar muita complexidade no manejo cotidiano de vida de uma criança e os pais/responsáveis, após o diagnóstico, acabam tendo que tomar decisões para as quais ainda não estão preparados e muitas vezes não encontram respaldo com os profissionais de saúde. Ainda que profissionais da saúde tenham papel fundamental no fornecimento de informações e tomadas de decisões durante o diagnóstico e tratamento do TEA, há relatos de famílias que demonstram dificuldades em receber informações, principalmente durante o período do diagnóstico, causando sofrimento para os familiares. É por meio de redes online, como o Instagram®, que as pessoas conseguem conectar-se com outras e ter acesso a uma variedade infinita de conteúdo, possibilitando a socialização de pessoas de diferentes lugares, que apresentam experiências semelhantes e objetivos em comum, interajam entre si, por meio de grupos, comunidades, fóruns, publicações, entre outros. Para a realização dessa pesquisa, foram analisadas 367 publicações, em um período de 6 meses (de agosto de 2023 a fevereiro de 2024) de dois perfis do Instagram® que divulgam conteúdos sobre o autismo, com o objetivo de descrever e analisar os conteúdos divulgados em perfis desta rede social virtual Instagram sobre o TEA. Observou-se que a maioria dos seguidores do Perfil 1 são pais e profissionais e que esse perfil se configura a partir de uma proposta comercial, com a oferta de cursos, palestras e especializações a seus seguidores, a partir de diversas informações que não possuem embasamento científico. Enquanto o perfil 2, apresenta como público-alvo, principalmente, adolescentes e adultos com TEA e o conteúdo de suas publicações está voltado para uma questão identitária, sobre como é ser autista e a influência do diagnóstico do TEA. A partir da interação dos internautas nos perfis, é possível observar como as publicações podem influenciar o modo como os pais lidam com o autismo de seus filhos, de forma que podem deixar de seguir recomendações médicas para fazer o que observam e aprendem na Internet, com potencial prejuízo ao desenvolvimento tanto fisiológico, quanto sociopsicológico da criança, podendo até privá-las de certos alimentos e atitudes comuns na comensalidade habitual da sociedade.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with multifactorial origins that can cause great complexity in the daily management of a child's life. After diagnosis, parents/guardians end up having to make decisions for which they are not yet prepared and often do not find support from health professionals. Although health professionals play a fundamental role in providing information and making decisions during the diagnosis and treatment of ASD, there are reports of families who demonstrate difficulty in receiving information, especially during the period of diagnosis, causing suffering for family members. It is through online networks, such as Instagram®, that people can connect with others and have access to an infinite variety of content, enabling the socialization of people from different places, who have similar experiences and common goals, to interact with each other, through groups, communities, forums, publications, among others. To carry out this research, 367 publications were analyzed, over a period of 6 months (from August 2023 to February 2024) from two Instagram® profiles that publish content about autism, with the objective of describing and analyzing the content published on profiles of this virtual social network Instagram about ASD. It was observed that the majority of the followers of Profile 1 are parents and professionals and that this profile is configured based on a commercial proposal, with the offer of courses, lectures and specializations to its followers, based on various information that has no scientific basis. Profile 2, on the other hand, has as its target audience mainly adolescents and adults with ASD, and the content of its publications is focused on identity issues, on what it is like to be autistic and the influence of the ASD diagnosis. Based on the interaction of Internet users on the profiles, it is possible to observe how publications can influence the way parents deal with their children's autism, so that they may stop following medical recommendations and do what they observe and learn on the Internet, with potential harm to both the physiological and socio psychological development of the child, and may even deprive them of certain foods and attitudes common in society's usual eating habits.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with multifactorial origins that can cause great complexity in the daily management of a child's life. After diagnosis, parents/guardians end up having to make decisions for which they are not yet prepared and often do not find support from health professionals. Although health professionals play a fundamental role in providing information and making decisions during the diagnosis and treatment of ASD, there are reports of families who demonstrate difficulty in receiving information, especially during the period of diagnosis, causing suffering for family members. It is through online networks, such as Instagram®, that people can connect with others and have access to an infinite variety of content, enabling the socialization of people from different places, who have similar experiences and common goals, to interact with each other, through groups, communities, forums, publications, among others. To carry out this research, 367 publications were analyzed, over a period of 6 months (from August 2023 to February 2024) from two Instagram® profiles that publish content about autism, with the objective of describing and analyzing the content published on profiles of this virtual social network Instagram about ASD. It was observed that the majority of the followers of Profile 1 are parents and professionals and that this profile is configured based on a commercial proposal, with the offer of courses, lectures and specializations to its followers, based on various information that has no scientific basis. Profile 2, on the other hand, has as its target audience mainly adolescents and adults with ASD, and the content of its publications is focused on identity issues, on what it is like to be autistic and the influence of the ASD diagnosis. Based on the interaction of Internet users on the profiles, it is possible to observe how publications can influence the way parents deal with their children's autism, so that they may stop following medical recommendations and do what they observe and learn on the Internet, with potential harm to both the physiological and socio psychological development of the child, and may even deprive them of certain foods and attitudes common in society's usual eating habits.
Descrição
Citação
SANTOS, Daiane Souza dos. O Transtorno de Espectro Autista e os relatos de familiares nas redes sociais: o que está em jogo? 2024. 98 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Nutrição) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Santos, 2024.