Mapeamento do remanescente de vegetação de mangue no complexo estuarino de Santos - SP
Data
2022-07-21
Autores
Brito, Giuliano Giglio de 
Orientadores
Ribeiro, Gilberto Pessanha
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Regiões costeiras condicionaram os primeiros assentamentos humanos devido sua privilegiada
localização, oportunidade de refúgio e cultivo de espécies economicamente relevantes. Esse
processo resultou em um forte adensamento populacional, gerando pressões nos ecossistemas
costeiros. O complexo estuarino de Santos, no litoral centro de São Paulo, sofre com poluição
de seus corpos hídricos, supressão da vegetação de mangue e outros reveses ambientais,
subprodutos do desenvolvimento urbano acelerado. O sensoriamento remoto aliado às técnicas
de processamento digital de imagens apresenta-se como ferramentas de grande importância no
estudo e análise da expansão e avanço da zona urbana frente aos ambientes naturais. Por meio
de informações advindas de análises de dados geoprocessados é possível entender melhor como
essas intervenções interferem na transformação dos ecossistemas. Dessa forma, o trabalho teve
como objetivo mapear e quantificar, por região e por município, o remanescente de vegetação
de mangue no complexo estuarino de Santos e realizar ensaios laboratoriais com o sistema
computacional SPRING, com vistas a explorar suas funcionalidades e avaliar seu potencial
operacional. O trabalho fez uso de um notebook Dell Vostro 15 (sistema Windows 10 Home
64 bits, CPU Intel i3, 4GB de memória RAM), imagens sensoriais do LANDSAT 8 e CBERS
04A obtidas no webcatálogo do USGS (United States Geological Survey) e INPE (Instituto
Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais) e sistema computacional SPRING. O mapeamento com as
imagens sensoriais do CBERS 04A foi alcançado com sucesso, já o mapeamento com as
imagens sensoriais do LANDSAT 8 foi alcançado com relativo sucesso, visto que houve certa
confusão temática na etapa de classificação, o que dificultou o cálculo da área do remanescente
de vegetação de mangue. O total de remanescente de vegetação de mangue calculado com
imagens do CBERS 04A foi de 7.793,2228 hectares. O SPRING demonstrou bom potencial
operacional durante os ensaios laboratoriais e permitiu a exploração de suas funcionalidades de
maneira satisfatória. É esperado que os produtos dessa pesquisa possam auxiliar na tomada de
decisões da gestão territorial local no tangente ao planejamento do uso da terra e preservação
dos manguezais. Abre-se um convite para futuros esforços na melhoria do mapeamento do
remanescente de vegetação de mangue utilizando outro sistema computacional e empregando
outras técnicas de processamento digital de imagens.
Coastal regions conditioned the first human settlements due to their privileged location, refuge opportunity and cultivation of economically relevant species. This process resulted in a strong population density, generating pressures on coastal ecosystems. Santos estuary complex, on the central coast of São Paulo, suffers from pollution of its water bodies, suppression of mangrove vegetation and other environmental setbacks, by-products of accelerated urban development. Remote sensing combined with digital image processing techniques present themselves as tools of great importance in the study and analysis of the expansion and advancement of the urban area towards natural environments. Through information from geoprocessed data analysis, it is possible to better understand how these interventions interfere in the transformation of ecosystems. Thus, the research project aimed to map and quantify, by region and by municipality, the remaining mangrove vegetation in Santos estuarine complex and carry out laboratory trials on SPRING computational system, in order to explore its features and evaluate its operational potential. The project made use of a Dell Vostro 15 notebook (Windows 10 Home 64-bit system, Intel i3 CPU, 4GB of RAM), sensory images from the LANDSAT 8 and CBERS 04A obtained from the USGS (United States Geological Survey) and INPE (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais) and SPRING computer system. The mapping with the sensory images of the CBERS 04A was successfully achieved, while the mapping with the sensory images of the LANDSAT 8 was achieved with relative success, since there was some thematic confusion in the classification stage, which made it difficult to calculate the area of the remnant of mangrove vegetation. The total remaining mangrove vegetation calculated with CBERS 04A images was 7,793.2228 hectares. SPRING demonstrated good operational potential during laboratory trials and allowed the exploitation of its functionalities in a satisfactory manner. It is expected that the products of this research could help in the decision-making of local territorial management regarding the planning of land use and preservation of mangroves. An invitation is open for future efforts to improve the mapping of the remaining mangrove vegetation using another computer system and employing other digital image processing techniques.
Coastal regions conditioned the first human settlements due to their privileged location, refuge opportunity and cultivation of economically relevant species. This process resulted in a strong population density, generating pressures on coastal ecosystems. Santos estuary complex, on the central coast of São Paulo, suffers from pollution of its water bodies, suppression of mangrove vegetation and other environmental setbacks, by-products of accelerated urban development. Remote sensing combined with digital image processing techniques present themselves as tools of great importance in the study and analysis of the expansion and advancement of the urban area towards natural environments. Through information from geoprocessed data analysis, it is possible to better understand how these interventions interfere in the transformation of ecosystems. Thus, the research project aimed to map and quantify, by region and by municipality, the remaining mangrove vegetation in Santos estuarine complex and carry out laboratory trials on SPRING computational system, in order to explore its features and evaluate its operational potential. The project made use of a Dell Vostro 15 notebook (Windows 10 Home 64-bit system, Intel i3 CPU, 4GB of RAM), sensory images from the LANDSAT 8 and CBERS 04A obtained from the USGS (United States Geological Survey) and INPE (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais) and SPRING computer system. The mapping with the sensory images of the CBERS 04A was successfully achieved, while the mapping with the sensory images of the LANDSAT 8 was achieved with relative success, since there was some thematic confusion in the classification stage, which made it difficult to calculate the area of the remnant of mangrove vegetation. The total remaining mangrove vegetation calculated with CBERS 04A images was 7,793.2228 hectares. SPRING demonstrated good operational potential during laboratory trials and allowed the exploitation of its functionalities in a satisfactory manner. It is expected that the products of this research could help in the decision-making of local territorial management regarding the planning of land use and preservation of mangroves. An invitation is open for future efforts to improve the mapping of the remaining mangrove vegetation using another computer system and employing other digital image processing techniques.
Descrição
Citação
BRITO, Giuliano Giglio de. Mapeamento do remanescente de vegetação de mangue no complexo estuarino de Santos - SP. 2022. 43 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental) - Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.