Avaliação da posição do osso hióide e diâmetro das vias aéreas superiores em respiradores bucais e nasais
Data
2021-12-03
Autores
Gonçalves, Ana Paula Pagaime 
Orientadores
Bommarito, Silvana
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: A síndrome do respirador bucal influencia em diversas alterações biológicas e sociais no indivíduo, como: posição da mandíbula, postura da língua, redução do espaço naso e orofaríngeo, reposicionamento do complexo hioideo, cansaço e problemas escolares. A região hioídea evolui ao longo do crescimento, com mudanças do Sistema Estomatognático e com o desenvolvimento da língua, sendo a base para as ações musculares de mastigação, deglutição e fonoarticulação. Dentre os exames objetivos utilizados para diagnóstico e prognóstico dos desvios do crescimento da face tem-se a cefalometria em telerradiografia de face, que nos permite mensurar estruturas ósseas e de tecidos moles. Objetivo: avaliar e analisar a posição do osso hioide e o diâmetro das vias aéreas superiores de respiradores bucais e nasais. Método: Através da análise cefalométrica de 13 telerradiografias laterais de indivíduos respiradores bucais ou oronasais (grupo experimental) e 19 telerradiografias laterais de indivíduos respiradores nasais (grupo controle), de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 7 e 19 anos, foram mensuradas as distâncias entre H (hióide) e MP (plano mandibular), H (hióide) e T (túber) e o diâmetro da via aérea superior. Foi realizada análise descritiva com parâmetros de média, desvio padrão, valor mínimo e máximo e percentis de 5% e de 95% e adotado para análise de variância nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: As variáveis de idade, sexo e suas correlações com o padrão respiratório dos indivíduos analisados não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significantes, bem como o diâmetro das vias aéreas superiores e a distância do osso hioide em relação ao túber. Contudo, a medida da posição do osso hióide em relação ao plano mandibular apresentou valores maiores nos respiradores bucais, sendo estatisticamente significativos. Conclusão: O posicionamento do osso hióide pode sofrer alteração em relação ao plano mandibular em indivíduos respiradores bucais comparados a respiradores nasais e, independente do tipo respiratório, não houve diferença na posição do osso hióide em relação ao túber e do diâmetro das vias aéreas superiores.
Introduction: The mouth breathing syndrome influences several biological and social changes in the individual, such as: jaw position, tongue posture, reduction of the nasal and oropharyngeal area, repositioning of the hyoid complex, tiredness and school problems. The hyoid region evolves during growth, with changes in the Stomatognathic System and with the tongue's development, being a basis for muscle actions of mastication, swallowing and speech articulation. Among the objective tests used for the diagnosis and prognosis of facial growth deviations there is cephalometry in facial teleradiography, which allows us to measure bone structures and soft tissues. Objective: to evaluate and analyze the position of the hyoid bone and the diameter of the upper airways of mouth and nasal breathers. Method: Through cephalometric analysis of 13 lateral cephalometric radiographs of mouth or oronasal breathers (experimental group) and 19 lateral cephalometric radiographs of nasal breathers (control group), of both sexes, aged between 7 and 19 years, were measured as distances between H (hyoid) and MP (mandibular plane), H (hyoid) and T (tuber) and the diameter of the upper airway. Descriptive analysis were performed with parameters of mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values and percentiles of 5% and 95%. For analysis of variation, a significance level of 5% were used. Results: The variables of age, sex and their correlations with the respiratory pattern of the limits do not show a statistically significant difference, as well as the diameter of the upper airways and the distance of the hyoid bone in relation to the board. However, the measurement of the position of the hyoid bone in relation to the mandibular plane had higher values in mouth breathers, being statistically evaluated. Conclusion: it is noticeable that the position of the hyoid bone can change in relation to the mandibular plane in mouth breathers compared to nasal breathers and, regardless of the respiratory type, there was no difference in the position of the hyoid bone in relation to the tuber and the diameter of the tubes. upper airways.
Introduction: The mouth breathing syndrome influences several biological and social changes in the individual, such as: jaw position, tongue posture, reduction of the nasal and oropharyngeal area, repositioning of the hyoid complex, tiredness and school problems. The hyoid region evolves during growth, with changes in the Stomatognathic System and with the tongue's development, being a basis for muscle actions of mastication, swallowing and speech articulation. Among the objective tests used for the diagnosis and prognosis of facial growth deviations there is cephalometry in facial teleradiography, which allows us to measure bone structures and soft tissues. Objective: to evaluate and analyze the position of the hyoid bone and the diameter of the upper airways of mouth and nasal breathers. Method: Through cephalometric analysis of 13 lateral cephalometric radiographs of mouth or oronasal breathers (experimental group) and 19 lateral cephalometric radiographs of nasal breathers (control group), of both sexes, aged between 7 and 19 years, were measured as distances between H (hyoid) and MP (mandibular plane), H (hyoid) and T (tuber) and the diameter of the upper airway. Descriptive analysis were performed with parameters of mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values and percentiles of 5% and 95%. For analysis of variation, a significance level of 5% were used. Results: The variables of age, sex and their correlations with the respiratory pattern of the limits do not show a statistically significant difference, as well as the diameter of the upper airways and the distance of the hyoid bone in relation to the board. However, the measurement of the position of the hyoid bone in relation to the mandibular plane had higher values in mouth breathers, being statistically evaluated. Conclusion: it is noticeable that the position of the hyoid bone can change in relation to the mandibular plane in mouth breathers compared to nasal breathers and, regardless of the respiratory type, there was no difference in the position of the hyoid bone in relation to the tuber and the diameter of the tubes. upper airways.
Descrição
Citação
GONÇALVES, A. P. P. Avaliação da posição do osso hióide e diâmetro das vias aéreas superiores em respiradores bucais e nasais. São Paulo, 2021. 52 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Fonoaudiologia) – Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2021.