Fatores que influenciam a gestão de resíduos sólidos em pequenas comunidades: estudo de caso na comunidade do Camburi, Ubatuba - SP
Data
2020-10-23
Autores
Bernardes, Gabriel Augusto Marques 
Orientadores
Simões, Eliane
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A gestão de resíduos sólidos é um dos grandes problemas da atualidade, e não ocorre somente
nos grandes centros urbanos, onde a geração é mais acentuada. Muitas comunidades
tradicionais, rurais e isoladas dos centros urbanos também apresentam dificuldades em realizar
a gestão de seus resíduos sólidos gerados, devido principalmente, às alterações ocorridas em
seus padrões de geração, provenientes do consumo de produtos e serviços industrializados
associado ao acelerado processo de urbanização. Dessa perspectiva, o presente estudo, buscou
inferir os fatores de influência relacionados à gestão de resíduos sólidos em uma dessas
comunidades tradicionais. Para isso, foram levantados dados qualitativos acerca da gestão de
resíduos sólidos realizada na comunidade do Camburi – Ubatuba (SP), por meio de formulários
aplicados aos atores de interesse e intervenções a comunidade, realizadas em abril e maio de
2019 com o auxílio do programa de extensão, Práticas Ambientais entre Comunidades
Tradicionais do Parque Estadual Serra do Mar - Núcleo Picinguaba (Programa Picinguaba) da
Unifesp Diadema. Esta pesquisa também buscou levantar informações sobre a gestão de
resíduos sólidos realizada pela Prefeitura Municipal de Ubatuba e suas implicações para a
comunidade do Camburi. Além disso, foram propostos recomendações e instrumentos de
facilitação para melhorar o processo de gestão de resíduos sólidos realizado na comunidade.
Por meio dos resultados obtidos com a aplicação de formulários e as intervenções realizadas
na comunidade, foi possível inferir sete fatores de influência na gestão de resíduos sólidos: a
organização social, a localização geográfica, o turismo, a educação ambiental, a infraestrutura,
a atuação do poder público e a logística reversa. Estes fatores também foram observados em
outros estudos acerca da gestão de resíduos em comunidades tradicionais e rurais, e afetam não
apenas os moradores da comunidade, mas também a prefeitura local e outros atores envolvidos
no processo de gestão de resíduos sólidos. Por meio das intervenções realizadas junto a
comunidade, foi possível observar, que o papel da universidade em estudar problemáticas como
esta, se mostra muito importante e necessário, não apenas no sentido de fazer valer a proposta
da extensão universitária e a troca de saberes, mas também em divulgar de maneira sistemática
problemas como este, a fim de orientar os tomadores de decisão na resolução destas questões,
bem como, mostrar possíveis caminhos a serem seguidos para se alcançar tais objetivos.
The management of solid waste is one of the major problems today, and it does not occur only in large urban centers, where the generation of waste is more pronounced. Many traditional, rural and isolated communities in urban centers also have difficulties in managing their solid waste generated, mainly due to changes in their generation patterns, resulting from the consumption of industrialized products and services associated with the accelerated urbanization process. From this perspective, the present study sought to infer the influencing factors related to solid waste management in one of these traditional communities. For this purpose, qualitative data were collected on the management of solid waste carried out in the Camburi community - Ubatuba (SP), using forms applied to stakeholders and community interventions, carried out in April and May 2019 with the assistance of the extension program, Environmental Practices Among Traditional Communities of Serra do Mar State Park – Núcleo Picinguaba (Programa Picinguaba) of Unifesp Campus Diadema. This research also sought to gather information about the solid waste management carried out by the Municipality of Ubatuba and its implications for the Camburi community. In addition, recommendations and facilitation tools were proposed to improve the solid waste management process carried out in the community. Through the results obtained with the application of forms and interventions, it was possible to infer 7 factors of influence in the management of solid waste carried out by the Camburi community, these being the social organization, the geographical location, the tourism, the environmental education, the infrastructure, public management and reverse logistics, these factors have also been observed in other studies on waste management in traditional and rural communities, and affect not only the residents of the community, but also the local city hall and other actors involved in the management process solid waste. Through the interventions carried out by the community, it was possible to observe that the role of the university in studying problems such as this, proves to be very important and necessary, not only in the sense of enforcing the proposal for university extension and the exchange of knowledge, but also to systematically disclose problems like this, in order to guide decision makers in resolving these issues, as well as showing possible paths to be followed to achieve such goals.
The management of solid waste is one of the major problems today, and it does not occur only in large urban centers, where the generation of waste is more pronounced. Many traditional, rural and isolated communities in urban centers also have difficulties in managing their solid waste generated, mainly due to changes in their generation patterns, resulting from the consumption of industrialized products and services associated with the accelerated urbanization process. From this perspective, the present study sought to infer the influencing factors related to solid waste management in one of these traditional communities. For this purpose, qualitative data were collected on the management of solid waste carried out in the Camburi community - Ubatuba (SP), using forms applied to stakeholders and community interventions, carried out in April and May 2019 with the assistance of the extension program, Environmental Practices Among Traditional Communities of Serra do Mar State Park – Núcleo Picinguaba (Programa Picinguaba) of Unifesp Campus Diadema. This research also sought to gather information about the solid waste management carried out by the Municipality of Ubatuba and its implications for the Camburi community. In addition, recommendations and facilitation tools were proposed to improve the solid waste management process carried out in the community. Through the results obtained with the application of forms and interventions, it was possible to infer 7 factors of influence in the management of solid waste carried out by the Camburi community, these being the social organization, the geographical location, the tourism, the environmental education, the infrastructure, public management and reverse logistics, these factors have also been observed in other studies on waste management in traditional and rural communities, and affect not only the residents of the community, but also the local city hall and other actors involved in the management process solid waste. Through the interventions carried out by the community, it was possible to observe that the role of the university in studying problems such as this, proves to be very important and necessary, not only in the sense of enforcing the proposal for university extension and the exchange of knowledge, but also to systematically disclose problems like this, in order to guide decision makers in resolving these issues, as well as showing possible paths to be followed to achieve such goals.