Obesidade e COVID-19: mecanismos fisiopatológicos envolvidos no agravamento da função respiratória
Data
2021-02-11
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
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Resumo
A pandemia de COVID-19 causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 trouxe impactos expressivos na dinâmica social, nos sistemas de saúde e na economia. Ainda com poucos estudos sobre o tema, evidências cientificas vêm sendo construídas a fim de elucidar os principais fatores de risco que contribuem para o agravamento dos sintomas ligados à COVID-19. Simultaneamente a esse cenário, o mundo experiencia uma outra epidemia, a obesidade, que vem se intensificando desde o princípio do processo de globalização e que envolve alterações no processo de homeostase energética sob forte influência de um ambiente obesogênico estabelecido. Neste projeto foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de compreender mecanismos fisiopatológicos envolvidos em diversas doenças como diabetes mellitus, tromboembolismo e dislipidemias, demasiadamente relacionadas com a obesidade. Também foi objetivo deste estudo compreender se esses distúrbios (relacionados a obesidade) influenciam a função respiratória (agravada para o COVID-19). Entretanto, além de poucos dados epidemiológicos, a literatura apresentou poucos estudos sobre como a obesidade pode influenciar no curso da doença, permanecendo ainda como um grande campo de pesquisa em aberto. Por ora, foi descrito que o desenvolvimento de comorbidades associadas à obesidade, tais como diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia e tromboembolismo, agravam o quadro respiratório causando complicações que podem levar ao surgimento de outras doenças, sendo reconhecido através da literatura, a importância no cuidado com a saúde dos indivíduos a fim de evitar que a obesidade se desenvolva, e quando já estabelecida, que seja adequadamente tratada para reduzir o risco de complicações e o avanço de graves comorbidades, que podem agravar o quadro respiratório e que podem afetar tanto a qualidade quanto a expectativa de vida pelo risco de complicações tal como é observado no agravamento da COVID-19.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 brought expressive impacts on the social dynamics, the health systems and economy of the world. Even with few studies about the subject, scientific evidence is being to elucidate the major risk factors that contribute to the worsening of symptoms linked to COVID-19. Simultaneously to this scenario, the world experiences another epidemic, obesity, since the beginning of the globalization process and that involves changes in the process of energetic homeostasis under a strong influence of the established obesogenic environment. This paper proposal was made a bibliographic revision with the objective to comprehend the physiopathological mechanisms involve in several diseases such as diabetes mellitus, thromboembolism, and dyslipidemia which are related to obesity. In Addition, the aim of this study was also understanding whether these disorders (related to obesity) influence respiratory function (aggravated for COVID-19). However, beyond the few epidemiological indicators, the present literature offered few studies on how obesity may influence the course of the disease, still remaining an open field for future studies. For now, it has been described that the development of comorbidities associated with obesity, such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and thromboembolism, worsens the respiratory condition causing complications that can lead to the appearance of other diseases, being recognized through the literature, the importance in taking care of individuals health in order to prevent obesity, and when already established, which can worsen the respiratory condition and which can affect both quality and life expectancy due to the risk of complications, as observed in the worsening of COVID-19.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 brought expressive impacts on the social dynamics, the health systems and economy of the world. Even with few studies about the subject, scientific evidence is being to elucidate the major risk factors that contribute to the worsening of symptoms linked to COVID-19. Simultaneously to this scenario, the world experiences another epidemic, obesity, since the beginning of the globalization process and that involves changes in the process of energetic homeostasis under a strong influence of the established obesogenic environment. This paper proposal was made a bibliographic revision with the objective to comprehend the physiopathological mechanisms involve in several diseases such as diabetes mellitus, thromboembolism, and dyslipidemia which are related to obesity. In Addition, the aim of this study was also understanding whether these disorders (related to obesity) influence respiratory function (aggravated for COVID-19). However, beyond the few epidemiological indicators, the present literature offered few studies on how obesity may influence the course of the disease, still remaining an open field for future studies. For now, it has been described that the development of comorbidities associated with obesity, such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and thromboembolism, worsens the respiratory condition causing complications that can lead to the appearance of other diseases, being recognized through the literature, the importance in taking care of individuals health in order to prevent obesity, and when already established, which can worsen the respiratory condition and which can affect both quality and life expectancy due to the risk of complications, as observed in the worsening of COVID-19.
Descrição
Citação
SOUZA, S. C. N. Obesidade e COVID-19: mecanismos fisiopatológicos envolvidos no agravamento da função respiratória. 2021. 80 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Farmácia) - Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, 2021.