Avaliação da remoção de dióxido de carbono em colunas de pulverização
Arquivos
Data
2023-06-29
Autores
Viana, Letícia Torquato 
Orientadores
Codolo, Milene Costa
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A emissão de CO2 na atmosfera é proveniente principalmente da queima de combustíveis fósseis. O aumento dessa emissão é de grande preocupação global, uma vez que altera a temperatura do planeta, gera problemas ambientais e eleva os casos de doenças cardíacas. Para reduzir essas emissões, são empregadas em plantas industriais equipamentos de controle de poluição, dentre esses equipamentos, destaca-se a coluna de pulverização utilizada no processo de absorção. Esta apresenta alta capacidade no tratamento do gás, baixa queda de pressão e baixo custo de manutenção. Este trabalho visou avaliar a remoção de dióxido de carbono em colunas de pulverização utilizando solução de hidróxido de sódio. O desenvolvimento do trabalho foi realizado em uma bancada experimental contendo uma coluna de pulverização com altura útil da coluna de 600 mm e diâmetro interno de 290 mm. A coluna possuía 3 bicos pulverizadores com Do de 1,6mm. Para o experimento, utilizou-se uma solução de hidróxido de sódio com vazão de líquido de 5,56E-05 m³/s a 1,39E-04 m³/s juntamente com ar contaminado com 5000 ppm de CO2 com vazões de gás variando de 3,30E-03 m3/s a 1,12E-02 m3/s. A concentração de CO2 na mistura gasosa foi medida antes e depois do processo de absorção, permitindo assim, calcular a eficiência de remoção de CO2, além do coeficiente volumétrico de transferência de massa (kga). A eficiência de remoção de CO2 variou de 17,39% a 58,97%, sendo a melhor eficiência com velocidade de gás de 0,05 m/s e vazão de líquido de 1,39E-04 m3/s. O valor de kga variou de 1,00E-08 kmol s-1 m-3 Pa-1 a 4,39E-08 kmol s-1 m-3 Pa-1. Comparando os resultados obtidos com dados da literatura, notou-se que colunas maiores apresentaram eficiência de remoção por volta de 90%, podendo assim, haver continuação do estudo para colunas maiores.
The emission of CO2 into the atmosphere comes mainly from the burning of fossil fuels. The increase in this emission is a great global concern, since it changes the temperature of the planet, generates environmental problems and increases the cases of heart disease. To reduce these emissions, pollution control equipment is used in industrial plants, among which the spray column used in the absorption process stands out. It features high has treatment capacity, low pressure drop and low maintenance cost. This work aimed to evaluate the removal of carbon dioxide in spray columns using sodium hydroxide solution. The development of the work was carried out on an experimental bench containing a spray column with a useful height of 600 mm and internal diameter of 290 mm. The column had 3 spray nozzles with a Do of 1.6mm. For the experiment, a sodium hydroxide solution was used with a liquid flow rate of 5.56E 05 m³/s to 1.39E04 m³/s together with air contaminated with 5000 ppm of CO2 with gas flows ranging from 3.30E03 m3/s to 1.12E02 m3/s. The CO2 concentration in the gaseous mixture was measured before and after the absorption process, thus allowing the calculation of CO2 removal efficiency, in addition to the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (𝑘���𝑔���𝑎���). The CO2 removal efficiency ranged from 17.39% to 58.97%, the best efficiency being with a gas velocity of 0.05 m/s and a liquid flow of 1.39E04 m3/s. The value of 𝑘���𝑔���𝑎��� ranged from 1.00E08 kmol s1 m3 Pa1 to 4.39E08 kmol s1 m3 Pa1. Comparing the results obtained with data from the literature, it was noted that larger columns presented removal efficiency around 90%, thus allowing the continuation of the study for larger columns.
The emission of CO2 into the atmosphere comes mainly from the burning of fossil fuels. The increase in this emission is a great global concern, since it changes the temperature of the planet, generates environmental problems and increases the cases of heart disease. To reduce these emissions, pollution control equipment is used in industrial plants, among which the spray column used in the absorption process stands out. It features high has treatment capacity, low pressure drop and low maintenance cost. This work aimed to evaluate the removal of carbon dioxide in spray columns using sodium hydroxide solution. The development of the work was carried out on an experimental bench containing a spray column with a useful height of 600 mm and internal diameter of 290 mm. The column had 3 spray nozzles with a Do of 1.6mm. For the experiment, a sodium hydroxide solution was used with a liquid flow rate of 5.56E 05 m³/s to 1.39E04 m³/s together with air contaminated with 5000 ppm of CO2 with gas flows ranging from 3.30E03 m3/s to 1.12E02 m3/s. The CO2 concentration in the gaseous mixture was measured before and after the absorption process, thus allowing the calculation of CO2 removal efficiency, in addition to the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (𝑘���𝑔���𝑎���). The CO2 removal efficiency ranged from 17.39% to 58.97%, the best efficiency being with a gas velocity of 0.05 m/s and a liquid flow of 1.39E04 m3/s. The value of 𝑘���𝑔���𝑎��� ranged from 1.00E08 kmol s1 m3 Pa1 to 4.39E08 kmol s1 m3 Pa1. Comparing the results obtained with data from the literature, it was noted that larger columns presented removal efficiency around 90%, thus allowing the continuation of the study for larger columns.