Crack cocaine: A five-year follow-up study of treated patients

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dc.contributor.authorRibeiro, M.
dc.contributor.authorDunn, J.
dc.contributor.authorSesso, R.
dc.contributor.authorLima, M. S.
dc.contributor.authorLaranjeira, R.
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
dc.contributor.institutionCamden & Islington Mental Hlth & Social Care Trus
dc.contributor.institutionFed Univ Pelotas
dc.date.accessioned2016-01-24T12:41:47Z
dc.date.available2016-01-24T12:41:47Z
dc.date.issued2007-01-01
dc.description.abstractObjectives: To follow-up a group of 131 crack cocaine users and examine drug use, treatment experience, employment status, involvement in crime and mortality at 2 and 5 years. Methods: Consecutive crack-dependent patients who were admitted to a detoxification unit in São Paulo between 1992 and 1994 were re-interviewed on two occasions: 1995-1996 and 1998-1999. Results: 5 years after treatment information was obtained on 124 (95%) of the original cohort. 39.7% (n = 52) of the patients reported having been abstinent from cocaine for at least the last year, and 21.4% (n = 28) had used the drug. of those subjects not using cocaine at 2 years, 19 (62%) were still abstinent at 5 years. Twenty-three (17.6%) patients had died by the 5-year follow-up with homicide, due to firearms or other weapons, being the commonest cause ( n = 13). the annual adjusted mortality rate for the sample was 24.92 deaths/1,000 individuals, the excess mortality rate was of 21.64 deaths/1,000 individuals, and the standardized mortality ratio was 7.60. A history of injecting drug use, unemployment at the time of the index admission and administrative discharge at the index admission were factors that contributed to the risk of dying over the next 5 years. Conclusions: There was a progressive movement towards abstinence over the follow-up period, and there was evidence that once abstinence had been achieved it was maintained. On the other hand, the mortality rate was extremely high and was higher among those who were still using crack at 2 years. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.en
dc.description.affiliationUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Unidade Pesquisa Alcool & Drogas, Dept Psychiat, São Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationCamden & Islington Mental Hlth & Social Care Trus, N Camden Drug Serv, London, England
dc.description.affiliationUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Grp Interdepartamental Epidemiol Clin, São Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationFed Univ Pelotas, Catholic Univ Pelotas, Eli Lilly Brazil, Pelotas, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnifespUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Unidade Pesquisa Alcool & Drogas, Dept Psychiat, São Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnifespUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Grp Interdepartamental Epidemiol Clin, São Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.sourceWeb of Science
dc.format.extent11-19
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000095810
dc.identifier.citationEuropean Addiction Research. Basel: Karger, v. 13, n. 1, p. 11-19, 2007.
dc.identifier.doi10.1159/000095810
dc.identifier.issn1022-6877
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/29433
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000243066800003
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherKarger
dc.relation.ispartofEuropean Addiction Research
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.licensehttp://www.karger.com/Services/RightsPermissions
dc.subjectcrack cocaineen
dc.subjectcocaine-related disordersen
dc.subjectfollow-up studiesen
dc.subjectmortalityen
dc.titleCrack cocaine: A five-year follow-up study of treated patientsen
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
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