Disponibilidade Domiciliar de Alimentos Regionais no Brasil: Distribuição e Evolução 2002-2018
Data
2021-11-23
Autores
Lucas da Silva, Marcos Anderson 
Orientadores
Louzada, Maria Laura da Costa
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: O Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira (2014) recomenda que se prefiram sempre alimentos in natura ou minimamente processados, estimulando também a valorização cultural da diversidade de alimentos que representam aspectos de cada região do país. Estudos anteriores com inquéritos populacionais demonstraram que o consumo de alimentos in natura e minimamente vem diminuindo com o passar dos anos. Todavia, não há estudos específicos sobre o consumo de alimentos regionais com uma amostra representativa do território nacional. Objetivo: Descrever a disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos regionais em 2017-2018 e sua evolução no período de 2002 a 2018 nas Grandes Regiões brasileiras e no Brasil como um todo. Material e Métodos: Foram utilizados os dados das Pesquisas de Orçamentos Familiares de 2002-2003, 2008-2009 e 2017-2018 sobre aquisições de alimentos para consumo domiciliar. Alimentos regionais (frutas, legumes e verduras, leguminosas e tubérculos, raízes e cereais, e farinhas) foram identificados com base no livro Alimentos Regionais Brasileiros (2015). A quantidade adquirida de cada alimento foi convertida em energia com base na Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentar – USP. Foi calculada e participação relativa dos grupos de alimentos no total de energia disponível para o domicílio (% de energia). Foi utilizado modelos de regressão linear para avaliar as variações temporais das estimativas considerando o valor de P<0,05. Resultados: Alimentos regionais representaram, no Brasil como um todo, 3,69% do total de energia (frutas – 0,6%; legumes e verduras – 0,18%; leguminosas – 2,21%; tubérculos, raízes e cereais – 0,58%; farinhas – 0,12%) em 2002-2003, 3,12% (Frutas – 0,67%; legumes e verduras – 0,17%; leguminosas – 1,67%; tubérculos, raízes e cereais – 0,43%; farinhas – 0,16%) em 2008-2009, e 3,12% (frutas – 0,77%; legumes e verduras 0,18%; leguminosas – 1,49%; Tubérculos, raízes e cereais – 0,43%; farinhas – 0,23%) em 2017-2018. Por região, a participação calórica do total de alimentos regionais foi maior no Nordeste em todos os anos. Observou-se que a disponibilidade dos grupos de alimentos regionais caiu 15,98% entre os anos estudados (de 2002 para 2018). Apesar de tendência não ser uniforme, sua participação caiu principalmente pela queda do consumo de tubérculos, raízes e cereais, e leguminosas regionais, mas estagnou entre 2008 e 2018 pelo aumento no consumo de frutas e farinhas regionais. Conclusão: O baixo consumo de alimentos regionais neste estudo reforça a importância das ações que incentiva seu consumo.
Introduction: The main recommendation of the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population (2014) is to always prefer fresh and minimally processed foods, taking into account cultural appreciation and those foods that represent aspects of each region of the country. Previous studies with population surveys have shown that the consumption of fresh and minimal foods has been decreasing over the years. However, there are no specific studies on the consumption of regional foods with a representative sample of the national territory. Objective: To describe the household availability of regional foods in 2017-2018 and its evolution over the period 2002 to 2018 in the Major Brazilian Regions and in Brazil. Data from the 2002-2003, 2008- 2009, and 2017-2018 Family Budget Surveys, on food purchases for home consumption. Material and Methods: Regional foods (fruits, legumes and vegetables, legumes and tubers, roots and cereals, and flour) were identified based on the Brazilian regional food book (2015). The amount of each food purchased was converted into energy based on the Brazilian Food Composition Table – USP. The relative participation in household availability was expressed from the percentage of calories that the food groups represented, considering the total percentage of energy. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the temporal variations of the estimates considering the value of P<0.05. Results: Regional foods represented, in Brazil as a whole, 3.69% of the total energy (fruits - 0.6%; vegetables and vegetables - 0.18%; vegetables - 2.21%; tubers, roots and cereals - 0.58%; flour - 0.12%) in 2002- 2003, 3.12% (Fruits - 0.67%; pulses and vegetables - 0.17%; pulses - 1.67%; tubers, roots and cereals – 0.43%; flour – 0.16%) in 2008-2009, and 3.12% (fruit - 0.77%; pulses and vegetables 0.18%; pulses - 1.49%; Tubers, roots and cereals - 0.43%; flour - 0.23%) in 2017-2018. By region, the caloric participation in the total of regional foods was higher in the Northeast in all years. It was observed that the availability of regional food groups dropped 15.98% between the years studied (from 2002 to 2018). Although the trend is not uniform, its share fell mainly due to the fall in the consumption of tubers, roots and cereals, and regional legumes, but it stagnated between 2008 and 2018 due to the increase in the consumption of regional fruits and flours. Conclusion: The low consumption of regional foods in this study reinforces the importance of actions that encourage their consumption.
Introduction: The main recommendation of the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population (2014) is to always prefer fresh and minimally processed foods, taking into account cultural appreciation and those foods that represent aspects of each region of the country. Previous studies with population surveys have shown that the consumption of fresh and minimal foods has been decreasing over the years. However, there are no specific studies on the consumption of regional foods with a representative sample of the national territory. Objective: To describe the household availability of regional foods in 2017-2018 and its evolution over the period 2002 to 2018 in the Major Brazilian Regions and in Brazil. Data from the 2002-2003, 2008- 2009, and 2017-2018 Family Budget Surveys, on food purchases for home consumption. Material and Methods: Regional foods (fruits, legumes and vegetables, legumes and tubers, roots and cereals, and flour) were identified based on the Brazilian regional food book (2015). The amount of each food purchased was converted into energy based on the Brazilian Food Composition Table – USP. The relative participation in household availability was expressed from the percentage of calories that the food groups represented, considering the total percentage of energy. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the temporal variations of the estimates considering the value of P<0.05. Results: Regional foods represented, in Brazil as a whole, 3.69% of the total energy (fruits - 0.6%; vegetables and vegetables - 0.18%; vegetables - 2.21%; tubers, roots and cereals - 0.58%; flour - 0.12%) in 2002- 2003, 3.12% (Fruits - 0.67%; pulses and vegetables - 0.17%; pulses - 1.67%; tubers, roots and cereals – 0.43%; flour – 0.16%) in 2008-2009, and 3.12% (fruit - 0.77%; pulses and vegetables 0.18%; pulses - 1.49%; Tubers, roots and cereals - 0.43%; flour - 0.23%) in 2017-2018. By region, the caloric participation in the total of regional foods was higher in the Northeast in all years. It was observed that the availability of regional food groups dropped 15.98% between the years studied (from 2002 to 2018). Although the trend is not uniform, its share fell mainly due to the fall in the consumption of tubers, roots and cereals, and regional legumes, but it stagnated between 2008 and 2018 due to the increase in the consumption of regional fruits and flours. Conclusion: The low consumption of regional foods in this study reinforces the importance of actions that encourage their consumption.
Descrição
Citação
LUCAS DA SILVA, Marcos Anderson. Disponibilidade Domiciliar de Alimentos Regionais no Brasil: Distribuição e Evolução 2002-2018. 2021. 68 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Alimentos Nutrição e Saúde) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2021