Crack: Usuários identificam as razões para cessar o consumo e as estratégias uilizadas
Arquivos
Data
2011-03-30
Autores
Cruz, Gisele Borsotte 
Orientadores
Nappo, Solange Aparecida
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi: 1. trazer à tona as razões envolvidas no momento que o usuário decide cessar o consumo de crack; 2. detalhar sobre as estratégias escolhidas por esse usuário para consolidar esse desejo Metodologia: Utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa de pesquisa com amostra intencional por critérios constituída de 43 usuários/ex-usuários. Instrumentos utilizados: entrevista em profundidade semi-estruturada; roteiro de entrevista; informante-chave; triangulação. A amostra construída pela técnica de bola-de-neve e com a ajuda dos informantes-chave foi constituída de dez cadeias. As entrevistas foram transcritas literalmente, inseridas e analisadas no software Nvivo 8, com exploração dos dados mediante as técnicas de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: As razões alegadas pelos entrevistados para cessar o consumo de crack estão ligadas às perdas/danos pelos quais passam ao longo da trajetória de consumo. A vontade de parar não surge imediatamente após esses danos, como se esperaria, pelo contrário, o usuário geralmente vive um extenso período com várias perdas consecutivas. É só quando alcança um momento de grande Desamparo que o usuário passa por uma tomada de consciência de que é necessário fazer alguma coisa em função de si mesmo, e evoca, dentre os danos que sofreu, aqueles que considera mais significativos atribuindo-lhes o motivo para cessar o consumo de crack. Os usuários desta pesquisa comentam sobre o desalento (viver na rua), constrangimentos com a lei (ser preso) ou riscos de morte, dentre outras razões, expressando a percepção de uma situação que precisa ser revertida. Dentre as estratégias para cessar, os tratamentos formais foram as mais procuradas, entendendo-se nesse termo qualquer modalidade (ambulatorial, internação e grupos de mútua-ajuda). Conclusão: O trabalho traz algumas reflexões tais como: apesar das consequências sofridas pelo usuário de crack ao longo do tempo, parece que a sua decisão de parar o consumo dá-se somente quando ele alcança o Desamparo, o que pode significar uma busca tardia por tratamento para cessar o consumo. Este fato pode ser parte da explicação do porquê o usuário de crack dificilmente alcança a abstinência duradoura, repetindo ao longo do tempo o ciclo dependênciaabstinência- recaída.
Objectives: The aim of this study was: 1. Bringing out the reasons involved when the user decides to cease the use of crack cocaine, 2. detailing the strategies chosen by this user to consolidate this wish. Methodology: Qualitative research methodology has been used with purposive sampling by criteria consisted of 43 users/ex-users. Instruments used: in depth semi-structured interview, guided interview, key informant; triangulation. The sample was formed by the snow-ball technique and used key informants assistance and it consisted of ten strings. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, they were inserted and analyzed in NVivo 8 software, with data exploration through the techniques of content analysis. Results: The reasons given by the interviewee to cease the use of crack cocaine are related to loss/damage for which they pass along the path of consumption. The desire to quit does not appear immediately after this damage, as one would expect, just the opposite, the user usually experiences a long period with several consecutive losses. It is only when it reaches a moment of great helplessness that the user goes through an awareness of the need to do something to himself, and recalls, among the damages, those that are more meaningful by relating them to the reason to stop the consumption of crack. Users on this research comment about the discouragement (street life), constraints to the law (being arrested) or risk of death, among other reasons, expressing the perception of a situation that needs to be reversed. Among the strategies of stopping, the formal treatments were sought the most, it being understood on this term any modality (outpatient, inpatient and mutual-help groups). Conclusion: The paper offers some reflections such as: despite the consequences suffered by crack users over time, it appears that his decision of stopping the consumption takes place only when he reaches the helplessness, which can mean a late search for treatment to stop the consumption.This can be part of the explanation of why the crack user difficultly achieves a lasting abstinence, repeating over time the dependencyabstinence- relapse cycle.
Objectives: The aim of this study was: 1. Bringing out the reasons involved when the user decides to cease the use of crack cocaine, 2. detailing the strategies chosen by this user to consolidate this wish. Methodology: Qualitative research methodology has been used with purposive sampling by criteria consisted of 43 users/ex-users. Instruments used: in depth semi-structured interview, guided interview, key informant; triangulation. The sample was formed by the snow-ball technique and used key informants assistance and it consisted of ten strings. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, they were inserted and analyzed in NVivo 8 software, with data exploration through the techniques of content analysis. Results: The reasons given by the interviewee to cease the use of crack cocaine are related to loss/damage for which they pass along the path of consumption. The desire to quit does not appear immediately after this damage, as one would expect, just the opposite, the user usually experiences a long period with several consecutive losses. It is only when it reaches a moment of great helplessness that the user goes through an awareness of the need to do something to himself, and recalls, among the damages, those that are more meaningful by relating them to the reason to stop the consumption of crack. Users on this research comment about the discouragement (street life), constraints to the law (being arrested) or risk of death, among other reasons, expressing the perception of a situation that needs to be reversed. Among the strategies of stopping, the formal treatments were sought the most, it being understood on this term any modality (outpatient, inpatient and mutual-help groups). Conclusion: The paper offers some reflections such as: despite the consequences suffered by crack users over time, it appears that his decision of stopping the consumption takes place only when he reaches the helplessness, which can mean a late search for treatment to stop the consumption.This can be part of the explanation of why the crack user difficultly achieves a lasting abstinence, repeating over time the dependencyabstinence- relapse cycle.
Descrição
Citação
CRUZ, Gisele Borsotte. Crack: Usuários identificam as razões para cessar o consumo e as estratégias uilizadas. 2011. 136 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2011.