Análise da relação entre a taxa metabólica basal, a composição corporal e o sono em idosos antes e após o treinamento resistido
Arquivos
Data
2009-06-24
Autores
Boscolo, Rita Aurélia 
Orientadores
Mello, Marco Tulio de
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
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ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Durante o processo de envelhecimento ocorrem alterações neuroquímicas, morfológicas e funcionais, como a redução de algumas das características do sono, da quantidade da massa livre de gordura e da taxa metabólica basal. Estes fatores podem estar relacionados uma vez que a diminuição da taxa metabólica basal ocorre em conseqüência da diminuição da massa livre de gordura. O treinamento físico provavelmente pode minimizar tais efeitos e/ou trazer resultados positivos ao padrão do sono, assim como aos parâmetros da composição corporal e ao metabólico. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do treinamento resistido na taxa metabólica basal (TMB), na composição corporal e nos parâmetros do sono, verificando as suas possíveis relações em homens idosos. A amostra foi composta por 37 homens idosos com uma idade entre os 65 e os 75 anos, distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: o controle (GC) e o resistido (GR). O protocolo incluiu 72 sessões de treinamento resistido progressivo realizado três vezes semanais; e avaliações do metabolismo basal, da composição corporal, do sono (objetiva e subjetiva) e do consumo alimentar. Os resultados demonstraram que a força muscular aumentou em todos os grupos musculares no GR. Nas variáveis morfológicas, somente o GC aumentou a massa gorda e diminuiu a livre de gordura na avaliação final, enquanto que o GR manteve todas as variáveis da composição corporal. A TMB e o consumo energético diário não sofreram alterações em ambos os grupos ao longo das avaliações. Nas variáveis do sono, o GC aumentou o tempo total de sono, os microdespertares e o valor da escala de Pittsburgh, enquanto que o GR reduziu significativamente o percentual do estágio 1 do sono NREM. Houve associação de causa e efeito da massa livre de gordura (kg) e do estágio 1 sobre a TMB com o modelo final de regressão (TMB= 539,81 + 21,99 massa livre de gordura – 26,01 estágio 1), o que explica os 34% da variação da TMB. Em conclusão, os resultados sugeriram que o treinamento resistido, apesar de não alterar as relações entre a TMB, o sono e a composição corporal, foi efetivo para aumentar a força muscular, manter a massa livre de gordura e a TMB, e ainda melhorar a qualidade do sono em idosos saudáveis, refletindo numa qualidade de vida mais ativa para uma longevidade saudável.
During the process of aging, neurochemical, morphological and functional changes occur such as the decline of some characteristics of sleep, the amount of fat free mass and basal metabolic rate. These factors may possibly be related because the decrease in basal metabolic rate is due to the decrease in fat free mass. Physical training can possibly minimize such effects and / or bring positive results to sleep pattern, body composition and metabolism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on basal metabolic rate (BMR), body composition and parameters of sleep and to verify their possible relationship in elderly men. The sample consisted of 37 elderly men age 65 to 75 years randomly assigned into two groups: control (CG) and resisted (RG). The protocol included 72 sessions of progressive resistance training performed three times weekly, the evaluation of basal metabolism, body composition, sleep (objective and subjective) and food consumption. The results showed that muscle strength increased in all muscle groups in the RG. In the morphological variables, only the CG had the fat mass increased and decreased fat free mass in the final evaluation, in the other hand the RG remained with the same variables of body composition. The BMR and daily energy consumption remained unchanged in both groups during the evaluations. As far as sleep variables are concerned, the CG increased total sleep time, arousals and score of the scale of Pittsburgh, while the RG significantly reduced the percentage of stage 1 of NREM sleep. There was a chance association of the fat free mass (kg) and stage 1 for the BMR with the final model of regression (BMR = 539.81 + 21.99 mass free of fat - 26.01 stage 1), explaining 34% change in BMR. In conclusion, the results suggest that resistance training, although not altering the relationships between BMR, the sleep and body composition was effective in increasing muscle strength, keep free of fat mass and BMR and to improve the quality of sleep in healthy elderly, reflecting a quality of life more active for a healthy longevity.
During the process of aging, neurochemical, morphological and functional changes occur such as the decline of some characteristics of sleep, the amount of fat free mass and basal metabolic rate. These factors may possibly be related because the decrease in basal metabolic rate is due to the decrease in fat free mass. Physical training can possibly minimize such effects and / or bring positive results to sleep pattern, body composition and metabolism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on basal metabolic rate (BMR), body composition and parameters of sleep and to verify their possible relationship in elderly men. The sample consisted of 37 elderly men age 65 to 75 years randomly assigned into two groups: control (CG) and resisted (RG). The protocol included 72 sessions of progressive resistance training performed three times weekly, the evaluation of basal metabolism, body composition, sleep (objective and subjective) and food consumption. The results showed that muscle strength increased in all muscle groups in the RG. In the morphological variables, only the CG had the fat mass increased and decreased fat free mass in the final evaluation, in the other hand the RG remained with the same variables of body composition. The BMR and daily energy consumption remained unchanged in both groups during the evaluations. As far as sleep variables are concerned, the CG increased total sleep time, arousals and score of the scale of Pittsburgh, while the RG significantly reduced the percentage of stage 1 of NREM sleep. There was a chance association of the fat free mass (kg) and stage 1 for the BMR with the final model of regression (BMR = 539.81 + 21.99 mass free of fat - 26.01 stage 1), explaining 34% change in BMR. In conclusion, the results suggest that resistance training, although not altering the relationships between BMR, the sleep and body composition was effective in increasing muscle strength, keep free of fat mass and BMR and to improve the quality of sleep in healthy elderly, reflecting a quality of life more active for a healthy longevity.
Descrição
Citação
PEREIRA, Rita Aurélia Boscolo. Análise da realçaõ entre a taxa metabólica basal, a composição corporal e o sono em idosos antes e após o treinamento resistido. 2009. 73 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2009.