Literacia em saúde e adesão terapêutica de pacientes em quimioterapia antineoplásica via oral: estudo correlacional.
Data
2023-02-13
Autores
Braz, Yasmin Araujo 
Orientadores
De Domenico, Edvane Birelo Lopes
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: A utilização da quimioterapia antineoplásica via oral ganhou notoriedade entre os regimes terapêuticos e gerou preocupações em relação aos níveis de adesão. A avaliação da literacia em saúde relaciona-se aos comportamentos em saúde e à tomada de decisão assertiva. Objetivos: Caracterizar e correlacionar os níveis de LS, adesão terapêutica e características sociodemográficas e clínicas de adultos com câncer submetidos à terapia antineoplásica via oral. Método: Estudo
transversal correlacional, quantitativo, realizado nos Ambulatórios de Oncologia Clínica do Hospital São Paulo da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP). A amostra foi composta de 100 pacientes acima de 18 anos em tratamento com quimioterapia antineoplásica via oral. Foram utilizados instrumento para caracterização da amostra; questionários; Medida de Adesão de Tratamento (MAT) e a versão brasileira do European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU-BR) Para análise da correlação da literacia e dados sociodemográficos foram utilizados o teste de correlação de Spearman; o teste t de Student para amostras independentes; de variância univariada e o teste H de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: Dentre os participantes, 68,0% possuíam 51 anos ou mais; 52,0% não tinham comorbidades e tomavam três ou mais medicamentos por dia. 53 % tinham 11 anos de estudo ou mais, e 49,0% estavam aposentados ou eram pensionistas. O HLS-EU-BR geral revelou 52,9% da amostra com nível inadequado de literacia em saúde, 24,1% com literacia em saúde problemática, 20,7% com literacia em saúde suficiente e 2,3% com literacia em saúde em nível excelente. O MAT gerou média de 5,6 – considerada nível maior de adesão. O item com menor pontuação foi o não cumprimento do horário de tomada do medicamento (58,0%). Houve relação estatisticamente positiva entre literacia em saúde e escolaridade (p: 0,007), e negativa entre literacia em saúde e frequência dadministração dos medicamentos (p: 0,024). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre literacia em saúde geral e adesão. A correlação foi positiva entre o domínio prevenção de doença e a adesão à quimioterapia antineoplásica via oral. Conclusão: A literacia em saúde de adultos com câncer em quimioterapia antineoplásica via oral foi caracterizada como inadequada ou problemática. O escore da adesão à quimioterapia antineoplásica via oral foi de maior adesão. As características sociodemográficas e clínicas que se relacionaram com literacia em saúde foram escolaridade, positivamente, e a frequência da administração de medicamentos, negativamente.
Introduction: The use of oral antineoplastic chemotherapy has gained notoriety among therapeutic regimens and concerns regarding adherence levels. The health literacy assessment is related to health behaviors and assertive decision -making. Objective: To assess the health literacy level of adults with cancer in oral chemotherapy; to evaluate the level of therapeutic adherence to oral chemotherapy; to compare health literacy levels among patients of differentethnicities,age, education and number of children; to compare health literacy levels between patients with and without comorbidities, using different amounts and different frequencies of drug administration, with or without smoking and alcohol consumption; to correlate levels of therapeutic adherence and health literacy. Method: Cross-sectional, correlational, quantitative study, carried out at the Clinical Oncology Outpatient Clinics of Hospital São Paulo of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP), Brazil. The sample consisted of one hundred patients aged over 18 years undergoing oral chemotherapy treatment. A sample characterization; Measurement of Adherence to Treatments and European Health Literacy Questionnaire - Brazilian version were the instruments used. For the analysis of correlations between the European Health Literacy Questionnaire in the Brazilian version and sociodemographic data, Spearman's correlation test was used to analyze the correlations between the questionnaire and sociodemographic data; Student's t test for independent samples; univariate analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Among the participants, 68.0% were 51 years old or older; 52.0% without comorbidities and the same percentage took three or more medications a day; 53.0% had 11 years of schooling or more; 49.0% were retired. The overall questionnaire revealed 52.9% with inadequate health literacy, 24.1% with problematic health literacy, 20.7% with sufficient health literacy, and only 2.3% with excellent health literacy. The Measurement of Adherence to Treatments generated an average of 5.6, considered the highest level of adherence. The item with the lowest score was non-compliance with the medication taking time (58.0%). In a correlation test, there was a statistically positive relationship between health literacy and education (p: 0.007), as well as a negative relationship between health literacy and frequency of medication administration (p: 0.024). There was no statistically significant difference between overall health literacy and adherence. There was a positive correlation between disease prevention domain and adherence to oral chemotherapy. Conclusion: Health literacy was characterized as inadequate or problematic. The oral and clinical characteristics adherence score showed greater adherence. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics that were related to health literacy were education, positively, and the frequency of medication administration,adversely.
Introduction: The use of oral antineoplastic chemotherapy has gained notoriety among therapeutic regimens and concerns regarding adherence levels. The health literacy assessment is related to health behaviors and assertive decision -making. Objective: To assess the health literacy level of adults with cancer in oral chemotherapy; to evaluate the level of therapeutic adherence to oral chemotherapy; to compare health literacy levels among patients of differentethnicities,age, education and number of children; to compare health literacy levels between patients with and without comorbidities, using different amounts and different frequencies of drug administration, with or without smoking and alcohol consumption; to correlate levels of therapeutic adherence and health literacy. Method: Cross-sectional, correlational, quantitative study, carried out at the Clinical Oncology Outpatient Clinics of Hospital São Paulo of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP), Brazil. The sample consisted of one hundred patients aged over 18 years undergoing oral chemotherapy treatment. A sample characterization; Measurement of Adherence to Treatments and European Health Literacy Questionnaire - Brazilian version were the instruments used. For the analysis of correlations between the European Health Literacy Questionnaire in the Brazilian version and sociodemographic data, Spearman's correlation test was used to analyze the correlations between the questionnaire and sociodemographic data; Student's t test for independent samples; univariate analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Among the participants, 68.0% were 51 years old or older; 52.0% without comorbidities and the same percentage took three or more medications a day; 53.0% had 11 years of schooling or more; 49.0% were retired. The overall questionnaire revealed 52.9% with inadequate health literacy, 24.1% with problematic health literacy, 20.7% with sufficient health literacy, and only 2.3% with excellent health literacy. The Measurement of Adherence to Treatments generated an average of 5.6, considered the highest level of adherence. The item with the lowest score was non-compliance with the medication taking time (58.0%). In a correlation test, there was a statistically positive relationship between health literacy and education (p: 0.007), as well as a negative relationship between health literacy and frequency of medication administration (p: 0.024). There was no statistically significant difference between overall health literacy and adherence. There was a positive correlation between disease prevention domain and adherence to oral chemotherapy. Conclusion: Health literacy was characterized as inadequate or problematic. The oral and clinical characteristics adherence score showed greater adherence. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics that were related to health literacy were education, positively, and the frequency of medication administration,adversely.