Insegurança alimentar em povos do campo, floresta e águas: reflexões em tempos de pandemia
Data
2022-02-23
Autores
Souza, Amanda Barros de [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Frutuoso, Maria Fernanda Petroli [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Discutir a segurança alimentar e nutricional e soberania alimentar no contexto dos povos do campo, floresta e águas (PCFA) implica em assumir que o pano de fundo que estampa essa discussão é a intervenção Estatal, no sentido de garantir o Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada (DHAA) por meio de políticas públicas estruturantes que fortaleçam a comida como direito. A vulnerabilidade social desses povos é histórica e, em tempos como o da pandemia pelo coronavírus, essa intervenção estatal ganha destaque. Esta investigação teve como objetivo discutir a (in)segurança alimentar e nutricional bem como a soberania alimentar, no contexto da pandemia, em PCFA da região Norte do Brasil. De cunho qualitativo, foi dividida em duas etapas, a saber: reflexões sobre a experiência com projetos de segurança alimentar e nutricional realizados com PCFA em momento pré-pandemia; análise documental de reportagens jornalísticas publicadas em sites de acesso gratuito entre março de 2020 e fevereiro de 2021, momento da pandemia. Foram investigados os sites: o Joio e o Trigo, mídia jornalística especializada em alimentação; o portal Amazônia Real, anunciado como mídia independente e investigativa sobre Amazônia e o Portal Amazônia, veículo da Rede Amazônica especializado na Amazônia Legal e Internacional, usando para seleção das reportagens os descritores fome, insegurança alimentar, segurança alimentar e nutricional e soberania alimentar. Os resultados apontam para uma narrativa que coloca os PCFA como sujeitos de direitos, construindo uma rede comunitária de resistência que compartilha alimentos e estratégias para sustentabilidade na produção alimentar, com respeito e coexistência com a natureza. A pandemia demandou ainda mais essa potência coletiva, uma vez que as reportagens mostram a importância das redes de apoio comunitário para a da garantia da sustentabilidade alimentar diante dos sistemas alimentares pautados no modelo produtivo capitalista de exaustão de recursos naturais e do desinvestimento e descaso do governo federal em relação aos PCFA, incluindo a alimentação e o meio ambiente. Destaca-se o debate majoritário sobre insegurança alimentar e fome, em condições já existentes e agudizadas durante a pandemia, bem como sobre o impacto ambiental do agronegócio e grandes empresas. Os resultados desta investigação reforçam a discussão sobre alimentação de PCFA no contexto contemporâneo atravessado pela pandemia de covid-19 e por lógicas capitalistas de desmonte de políticas públicas de alimentação e nutrição com impacto direto no DHAA.
Discussing Food and Nutrition Security and food sovereignty in the context of Peoples of Fields, Forests and Waters (PFFW) implies assuming that the background of this discussion is state intercession, in order to guarantee the Human Right to Adequate Food (HRAF) structuring public policies that strengthen food as a right. The social vulnerability of these peoples is historic and, in times such as the coronavirus pandemic, this state intervention is highlighted. This investigation aimed to discuss food and nutrition (in)security as well as food sovereignty, in the context of the pandemic, in PFFW in Northern Brazil. Qualitative in nature, it was divided into two stages, namely: reflections on the experience with food and nutrition security projects carried out with PFFW in a pre-pandemic moment; documentary analysis of journalistic articles published on free access sites and available online between March 2020 and February 2021. The following sites were investigated: Joio e o Trigo, journalistic media specialized in food; the Amazônia Real portal, advertised as independent and investigative media on the Amazon, and the Amazônia Portal, a vehicle of the Amazon Network specializing in the Legal and International Amazon, using the descriptors hunger, food insecurity, food and nutrition security, and food sovereignty for the selection of reports. The results point to a narrative that places the PFFW as subjects of rights, building a community network of resistance that shares food and strategies for sustainability in food production, with respect and coexistence with nature. The pandemic demanded even more community organization/union, since the reports show the importance of community support networks to guarantee food sustainability in the face of food systems based on the capitalist productive model of exhaustion of natural resources and the disinvestment and neglect of the federal government regarding PFFW, including food and environmental resources. The majority debate on food insecurity and hunger stands out, in conditions that already existed and were worsened during the pandemic, as well as the environmental impact of agribusiness/large companies. The results of this investigation reinforce the discussion on PFFW feeding in the contemporary context crossed by the covid-19 pandemic and by capitalist logics of dismantling public policies on food and nutrition with a direct impact on the HRAF.
Discussing Food and Nutrition Security and food sovereignty in the context of Peoples of Fields, Forests and Waters (PFFW) implies assuming that the background of this discussion is state intercession, in order to guarantee the Human Right to Adequate Food (HRAF) structuring public policies that strengthen food as a right. The social vulnerability of these peoples is historic and, in times such as the coronavirus pandemic, this state intervention is highlighted. This investigation aimed to discuss food and nutrition (in)security as well as food sovereignty, in the context of the pandemic, in PFFW in Northern Brazil. Qualitative in nature, it was divided into two stages, namely: reflections on the experience with food and nutrition security projects carried out with PFFW in a pre-pandemic moment; documentary analysis of journalistic articles published on free access sites and available online between March 2020 and February 2021. The following sites were investigated: Joio e o Trigo, journalistic media specialized in food; the Amazônia Real portal, advertised as independent and investigative media on the Amazon, and the Amazônia Portal, a vehicle of the Amazon Network specializing in the Legal and International Amazon, using the descriptors hunger, food insecurity, food and nutrition security, and food sovereignty for the selection of reports. The results point to a narrative that places the PFFW as subjects of rights, building a community network of resistance that shares food and strategies for sustainability in food production, with respect and coexistence with nature. The pandemic demanded even more community organization/union, since the reports show the importance of community support networks to guarantee food sustainability in the face of food systems based on the capitalist productive model of exhaustion of natural resources and the disinvestment and neglect of the federal government regarding PFFW, including food and environmental resources. The majority debate on food insecurity and hunger stands out, in conditions that already existed and were worsened during the pandemic, as well as the environmental impact of agribusiness/large companies. The results of this investigation reinforce the discussion on PFFW feeding in the contemporary context crossed by the covid-19 pandemic and by capitalist logics of dismantling public policies on food and nutrition with a direct impact on the HRAF.
Descrição
Citação
SOUZA, Amanda Barros. Insegurança alimentar em povos do campo, floresta e águas: reflexões em tempos de pandemia. 2022. 71 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.