Efeitos do ômega-3 na prevenção de recaídas no transtorno por uso de álcool: estudo duplo-cego, randomizado e placebo-controlado
Data
2021
Autores
Gregório, Renata Pauluci [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Galduróz, José Carlos F. [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: Pesquisas recentes têm buscado os possíveis benefícios da ingesta do ômega-3, importante constituinte das membranas neuronais, para o tratamento do transtorno por uso de álcool (TUA). Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar se o tratamento de ômega-3 poderia proteger os indivíduos dependentes de álcool, de recaídas após a alta da internação. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo placebo controlado, duplo-cego, randomizado, com dependentes graves de álcool. Os participantes foram randomizados a um tratamento com ômega-3 (n=59) ou placebo (n=52) durante três meses, iniciado durante a internação e acompanhados por nove meses após alta, com avaliações feitas a partir de instrumentos de autorrelato tendo como medida de desfecho primário a possível redução do número, intensidade das recaídas, quantidade de consumo em cada recaída e número de dias de consumo durante as recaídas; como desfecho secundário avaliar sintomas de ansiedade, depressão, grau de dependência, compulsão e craving através dos instrumentos de avaliação. Resultados: Os grupos foram similares em parâmetros de quantidade consumida e propensão a recair, no entanto, foi encontrado um efeito do tratamento com ômega-3 no número de dias de consumo de substâncias, aos dois meses (B=0,65 [0,09; 1,21], p=0,01) e três meses (B=2,6 [1,61; 3,58], p<0,001) após a alta, favorecendo o grupo intervenção. O efeito não se mantém quando o tratamento é descontinuado. Não foram encontradas diferenças em sintomas psiquiátricos e severidade da dependência. Conclusões: Apesar das grandes limitações do presente estudo, o grupo que recebeu ômega-3 teve um menor número de dias de consumo de doses-padrão de álcool nas avaliações de 60 e 90 dias após a alta. São necessários estudos mais robustos para confirmar ou refutar estes achados.
Introduction: Recent research have been looking for the possible benefits of omega-3 intake, an important constituent of neuronal membranes, for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether omega-3 treatment could protect alcohol-dependent individual from relapses after discharge from hospital. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out with severe alcohol dependence. Participants were randomized to treatment with omega-3 (n=59) or placebo (n=52) for three months, initiated during hospitalization and followed up for nine months after discharge, with assessments made using self-report instruments. The primary outcomes were the possible reduction in the number, intensity of relapses, amount of consumption in each relapse and number of days of consumption during relapses; as secondary outcomes were assessed symptoms of anxiety, depression, degree of dependence, compulsion and craving. Results: The groups were similar in parameters of quantity consumed and propensity to relapse, however, an effect of omega-3 treatment was found on the number of days of substance consumption, two months (B=0.65 [0.09; 1.21], p=0.01) and three months (B=2.6 [1.61; 3.58], p<0.001) after discharge, favoring the intervention group. The effect is not sustained when treatment is discontinued. No differences were found in psychiatric symptoms and severity of addiction. Conclusions: Despite the major limitations of the present study, the group that received omega-3 had a lower number of days of consumption of standard doses of alcohol in the evaluations of 60 and 90 days after discharge. More robust studies are needed to confirm or refute these findings.
Introduction: Recent research have been looking for the possible benefits of omega-3 intake, an important constituent of neuronal membranes, for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether omega-3 treatment could protect alcohol-dependent individual from relapses after discharge from hospital. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out with severe alcohol dependence. Participants were randomized to treatment with omega-3 (n=59) or placebo (n=52) for three months, initiated during hospitalization and followed up for nine months after discharge, with assessments made using self-report instruments. The primary outcomes were the possible reduction in the number, intensity of relapses, amount of consumption in each relapse and number of days of consumption during relapses; as secondary outcomes were assessed symptoms of anxiety, depression, degree of dependence, compulsion and craving. Results: The groups were similar in parameters of quantity consumed and propensity to relapse, however, an effect of omega-3 treatment was found on the number of days of substance consumption, two months (B=0.65 [0.09; 1.21], p=0.01) and three months (B=2.6 [1.61; 3.58], p<0.001) after discharge, favoring the intervention group. The effect is not sustained when treatment is discontinued. No differences were found in psychiatric symptoms and severity of addiction. Conclusions: Despite the major limitations of the present study, the group that received omega-3 had a lower number of days of consumption of standard doses of alcohol in the evaluations of 60 and 90 days after discharge. More robust studies are needed to confirm or refute these findings.