The diagnosis of delirium in 80 emergency unit patients

Abstract

We evaluated the initial and final diagnosis of 80 patients with delirium arriving at the emergence unit of a university hospital in a large Brazilian city over a period of 30 months up to December 1991. The diagnosis was based on the DSM-IIIR criteria. Patients with a known history of head trauma or epileptic seizure and patients younger than 13 years were excluded. Only patients with a disease of up to 7 days were included.The patients were subdivided into four etiologic groups: vascular; associated with the use of alcohol; infectious-parasitic; miscellaneous.The results showed a rate of correct diagnosis ranging from 65 to 80% with the use of kappa test (standard good to excelent). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values had results showing different conditions for initial diagnosis in each group. This study can help the initial diagnosis of delirium and the choice for diagnostic testing.

Nós avaliamos o diagnóstico inicial e final de 80 pacientes com delirium que chegaram ao Pronto Socorro do Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), no período de 30 meses até dezembro-1991. O diagnóstico foi baseado nos critérios do DSM-IIIR. Os pacientes com história de trauma de crânio, crises epiléticas e idade inferior a 13 anos foram excluídos. Os pacientes foram subdivididos em quatro grupos etiológicos: vascular; associado ao uso de álcool; infecto-parasitário; miscelânea.Os resultados mostraram porcentagem de acerto entre 65-80%. O teste de kappa mostrou-se entre bom e excelente. O resultado da sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo e negativo mostraram diferentes condições no diagnóstico inicial de cada grupo. Este estudo pode ajudar na escolha de um teste para o diagnóstico inicial de delirium.