Qualificação e quantificação de austenita retida em fio-máquina
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Data
2022-02-03
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
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Resumo
A vasta utilização das ligas metálicas requer cada vez mais a criação de novas
tecnologias e estudos que aprimorem suas aplicações. Um dos processamentos
principais das ligas ferrosas é a trefilação, que tem por objetivo a redução de área
transversal do fio-máquina, transformando-o em arame para as mais diversas
aplicações, entre elas, o arame para consumíveis de soldagem. Dentre os materiais
metálicos empregados nessa aplicação, tem-se o aço SAE 1508 que contém
elementos de liga, como Mn e Si, que estabilizam a fase austenítica em temperatura
ambiente que, dependendo de sua fração percentual na liga, pode prejudicar a
trefilação posterior, e dependendo do grau influenciar na eficiência produtiva do metal.
Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver uma metodologia, factível de
utilização em escala industrial e capaz de identificar e quantificar a fase austenítica no
aço SAE 1508, a partir da caracterização microestrutural do material. Para isso, foram
testados agentes polidores e ataques químicos com reagentes distintos, como Nital,
LePera e Klemm, e observados o tempo de ataque necessário para revelação das
fases MA, e ao final a quantificação foi realizada com emprego de um software –
ImageJ – capaz de contabilizar percentual de superfície através da diferença de
contrastes de uma micrografia. Em suma, observou-se um melhor desempenho do
ataque Klemm combinado ao Nital quando utilizado em uma amostra polida com pasta
diamantada, e para quantificação da fase revelada, o software escolhido nessa
monografia apresenta limitações, devido sua forma de funcionamento que dificultam a
confiabilidade nos valores encontrados, uma vez que trabalha sob a diferença de
contraste das micrografias e nem sempre esta apresenta o contraste ideal para fase
MA, fazendo com que sejam quantificadas as fases ferrita e/ou perlita.
The vast use of metal alloys increasingly requires the creation of new technologies and studies that improve their applications. One of the main processes of ferrous alloys is drawing, which aims to reduce the cross-sectional area of wire rod, transforming it into wire for the most diverse applications, including wire for welding consumables. Among the metallic materials used in this application, there is SAE 1508 steel, which contains alloying elements, such as Mn and Si, which stabilize the austenitic phase at room temperature, which, depending on its percentage fraction in the alloy, can impair subsequent drawing, and depending on the degree to influence the productive efficiency of the metal. In this context, the objective of this work is to develop a methodology that can be used on an industrial scale and capable of identifying and quantifying the austenitic phase in SAE 1508 steel, based on the microstructural characterization of the material. For this, polishing agents and chemical attacks were tested with different reagents, such as Nital, LePera and Klemm, and the necessary etching time for the revelation of the MA phases was observed, and at the end the quantification was performed using a software - ImageJ - capable of of counting surface percentage through the difference of contrasts of a micrograph. In short, there was a better performance of the Klemm attack combined with Nital when used in a polished sample with diamond paste, and for the quantification of the revealed phase, the software chosen in this monograph has limitations, due to its way of functioning that make reliability in the results difficult. values found, since it works under the contrast difference of the micrographs and it does not always present the ideal contrast for the MA phase, causing the ferrite and/or pearlite phases to be quantified.
The vast use of metal alloys increasingly requires the creation of new technologies and studies that improve their applications. One of the main processes of ferrous alloys is drawing, which aims to reduce the cross-sectional area of wire rod, transforming it into wire for the most diverse applications, including wire for welding consumables. Among the metallic materials used in this application, there is SAE 1508 steel, which contains alloying elements, such as Mn and Si, which stabilize the austenitic phase at room temperature, which, depending on its percentage fraction in the alloy, can impair subsequent drawing, and depending on the degree to influence the productive efficiency of the metal. In this context, the objective of this work is to develop a methodology that can be used on an industrial scale and capable of identifying and quantifying the austenitic phase in SAE 1508 steel, based on the microstructural characterization of the material. For this, polishing agents and chemical attacks were tested with different reagents, such as Nital, LePera and Klemm, and the necessary etching time for the revelation of the MA phases was observed, and at the end the quantification was performed using a software - ImageJ - capable of of counting surface percentage through the difference of contrasts of a micrograph. In short, there was a better performance of the Klemm attack combined with Nital when used in a polished sample with diamond paste, and for the quantification of the revealed phase, the software chosen in this monograph has limitations, due to its way of functioning that make reliability in the results difficult. values found, since it works under the contrast difference of the micrographs and it does not always present the ideal contrast for the MA phase, causing the ferrite and/or pearlite phases to be quantified.
Descrição
Citação
Ferreira, Ingred Lopes. Qualificação e quantificação de austenita retida em fio máquina / Ingred Lopes Ferreira - 2022. 54f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (graduação em nome do curso) – Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, 2022.