Ocorrência e Distribuição de resíduos de Bisfenol-A em sedimentos superficiais do sistema estuarino de Santos e São Vicente
Data
2021-01-01
Autores
Helfenstein, Fernanda Monteiro Leite [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Castro, Ítalo Braga [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Os disruptores endócrinos (DE) introduzidos no ambiente e absorvidos por organismos vivos
têm despertado preocupação pela sua capacidade de perturbar o sistema endócrino alterando as
funções de hormônios naturais e consequentemente causando efeitos danosos. O bisfenol-A
(BPA), considerado disruptor endócrino, é um dos compostos sintéticos de aplicação industrial
mais usados em todo o planeta. Sua utilização é frequente, em embalagens de alimentos e
bebidas, assim como em garrafões de águas. Nesse contexto, a exposição por via alimentar
corresponde a principal forma de contaminação humana pelo BPA. No ambiente aquático este
composto apresenta elevada persistência, e tende a bioacumular e biomagnificar sendo
consistentemente encontrados em associação com amostras de sedimentos. Considerando esse
cenário, o objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar a ocorrência e distribuição espacial desse
composto em sedimentos superficiais do sistema estuarino de Santos e São Vicente. Para tanto,
amostras de sedimentos superficiais foram coletadas, usando uma draga do tipo Van Veen, ao
longo de uma grade amostral previamente estabelecida no estuário. Após coleta, foi realizada a
caracterização dos sedimentos quanto aos teores de Carbono Orgânico Total, assim como a
determinação analítica do BPA por cromatografia gasosa. Elevadas concentrações de Bisfenol,
entre as mais elevadas já registradas, foram encontradas em sedimentos superficiais do Sistema
Estuarino de Santos e São Vicente. De modo geral, a distribuição espacial da contaminação
parece estar associada a aportes oriundos de atividades industriais amplamente realizadas nas
margens de estuário. Considerando a maioria dos pontos amostrados, concentrações com
elevado potencial ecotoxicológico foram observadas indicando alto risco ambiental. Esses
achados se juntam a outros estudos que já vem reportando múltiplos impactos químicos na área
de estudo. Portanto, medidas legislativas devem ser adotadas visando proteger e conservar os
recursos naturais assim como os valiosos serviços ecossistêmicos ainda providos pelo Sistema
Estuarino de Santos e São Vicente.
Endocrine disruptors (ED) released into the environment and absorbed by living organisms have raised concern for their ability to disrupt the endocrine system by inducing alteration in functions of natural hormones and consequently causing undesirable effects. Bisphenol-A (BPA), considered an endocrine disruptor, is one of the most widely used synthetic compounds for industrial application across the planet. Its use is frequent, in food and beverage packaging, as well as in baby bottles and water bottles. In this context, exposure through food is the main form of human contamination by BPA. In the aquatic environment this compound has high persistence, and tends to bioaccumulate and biomagnify, being consistently found in association with sediment samples. Considering this scenario, the objective of the present work is to evaluate the occurrence and spatial distribution of this compound in superficial sediments of the Santos and São Vicente estuarine system. For this purpose, samples of surface sediments were collected, using a Van Veen grab, along a previously established sampling grid in the estuary. After collection, the characterization of the sediments in terms of Total Organic Carbon contents was carried out, as well as the analytical determination of BPA by gas chromatography. High concentrations of bisphenol A, among the highest ever recorded, were found in surface sediments from the Santos and São Vicente Estuarine System. In general, the spatial distribution of contamination seems to be associated with releases from industrial activities widely carried out on the estuary margins. Considering most of the sampled sites, concentrations with high ecotoxicological potential were observed, indicating a high environmental risk. These findings join other studies that have already been reporting multiple chemical impacts in the study area. Therefore, legislative measures must be adopted to protect and conserve natural resources as well as the valuable ecosystem services still provided by the Santos and São Vicente Estuary System.
Endocrine disruptors (ED) released into the environment and absorbed by living organisms have raised concern for their ability to disrupt the endocrine system by inducing alteration in functions of natural hormones and consequently causing undesirable effects. Bisphenol-A (BPA), considered an endocrine disruptor, is one of the most widely used synthetic compounds for industrial application across the planet. Its use is frequent, in food and beverage packaging, as well as in baby bottles and water bottles. In this context, exposure through food is the main form of human contamination by BPA. In the aquatic environment this compound has high persistence, and tends to bioaccumulate and biomagnify, being consistently found in association with sediment samples. Considering this scenario, the objective of the present work is to evaluate the occurrence and spatial distribution of this compound in superficial sediments of the Santos and São Vicente estuarine system. For this purpose, samples of surface sediments were collected, using a Van Veen grab, along a previously established sampling grid in the estuary. After collection, the characterization of the sediments in terms of Total Organic Carbon contents was carried out, as well as the analytical determination of BPA by gas chromatography. High concentrations of bisphenol A, among the highest ever recorded, were found in surface sediments from the Santos and São Vicente Estuarine System. In general, the spatial distribution of contamination seems to be associated with releases from industrial activities widely carried out on the estuary margins. Considering most of the sampled sites, concentrations with high ecotoxicological potential were observed, indicating a high environmental risk. These findings join other studies that have already been reporting multiple chemical impacts in the study area. Therefore, legislative measures must be adopted to protect and conserve natural resources as well as the valuable ecosystem services still provided by the Santos and São Vicente Estuary System.
Descrição
Citação
HELFENSTEIN, Fernanda Monteiro Leite. Ocorrência e Distribuição de resíduos de Bisfenol-A em sedimentos superficiais do sistema estuarino de Santos e São Vicente. 2022. 336 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Bacharelado Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia do Mar) - Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.