Processamento e caracterização de zeólita ZSM-5 porosa para uso em efluentes da indústria Têxtil
Data
2019-11-20
Autores
Fonseca, Mário Simão [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Trichês, Eliandra de Sousa [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Sabe-se que na indústria têxtil gastam-se muitos litros de água no processo de confecção e beneficiamento de tecido. Com isso, um grande volume com uma diversidade de contaminantes orgânicos, os corantes, são encontrados no efluente que se descartado inadequadamente são prejudiciais ao meio ambiente. Devido à complexidade dos corantes surge a necessidade de se estudar diferentes formas de tratamento de água contaminada. Uma possível alternativa é o uso de zeólita como adsorvente, pois esta apresenta cavidades regulares e uniformes em sua estrutura o que garante sua elevada área superficial e diversidade porosa, o que as torna atrativo para o processo de adsorção de diferentes compostos orgânicos. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi a preparação de peças de zeólita ZSM-5 porosa por meio do método de gelcasting para aplicação como adsorvente de contaminantes orgânicos da indústria têxtil. Também foi utilizado o método de gelcasting para o carvão ativado, afim de comparar o resultado com as peças de zeólita. Foi avaliada a possibilidade de reutilização das peças de zeólita ZSM-5 através da degradação do corante, via reação Fenton, após o processo de adsorção. Primeiro ocorreu a caracterização dos pós utilizados quanto suas propriedades de área superficial e composição, obtendo-se uma área superficial de 300m2/g e 870m2/g para a zeólita ZSM-5 e carvão ativado, respectivamente, e pelo difratograma de raios-x, observou-se que eram pós sem impurezas. Foram medidas as propriedades das peças finais para a zeólita ZSM-5 como a área superficial de 10m2/g, sua estabilidade em água e a capacidade máxima de adsorção, esta última foi avaliada utilizando o corante azul de metileno (AM), obtendo um máximo de adsorção de 930 mg/kg. O reaproveitamento das peças mostrou-se eficiente, recuperando aproximadamente 70% da capacidade de remoção.
It is known that in the textile industry many liters of water are spent in the process of making and processing of fabric. Therefore, a large volume with a diversity of contaminants, the dyes, are found in the effluent that has been discarded inadequately harmful to the environment. Due to the complexity of dyes, there is a need to study different ways of treating contaminated water. A possible alternative is the use of zeolite as an adsorbent, as it has regular and uniform cavities in its structure which guarantees its high surface area and porous diversity, which makes them attractive for the adsorption process of different organic compounds. So, the objective of this work is the preparation of porous ZSM-5 zeolite by the gelcasting method for application as an adsorbent of organic contaminants in the textile industry. The gelcasting method was also applied for activated carbon, as well as comparing the result with zeolite pieces. The possibility of reusing ZSM-5 pieces through dye degradation via Fenton reaction after the adsorption process was evaluated. First the characterization of the powders used for their surface area and composition properties, obtaining a surface area of 300m2/g and 870m2/g for zeolite ZSM-5 and activated charcoal, respectively, and by x-ray diffractogram, we can see they were powders without impurities. The properties of the ZSM-5 zeolite end pieces as the surface area of 10m2/g, their stability in water and the maximum adsorption capacity were measured, the latter was evaluated using the methylene blue (AM) dye, obtaining a maximum adsorption rate of 930 mg / kg. The reuse of the pieces was efficient, recovering approximately 70% of the removal capacity.
It is known that in the textile industry many liters of water are spent in the process of making and processing of fabric. Therefore, a large volume with a diversity of contaminants, the dyes, are found in the effluent that has been discarded inadequately harmful to the environment. Due to the complexity of dyes, there is a need to study different ways of treating contaminated water. A possible alternative is the use of zeolite as an adsorbent, as it has regular and uniform cavities in its structure which guarantees its high surface area and porous diversity, which makes them attractive for the adsorption process of different organic compounds. So, the objective of this work is the preparation of porous ZSM-5 zeolite by the gelcasting method for application as an adsorbent of organic contaminants in the textile industry. The gelcasting method was also applied for activated carbon, as well as comparing the result with zeolite pieces. The possibility of reusing ZSM-5 pieces through dye degradation via Fenton reaction after the adsorption process was evaluated. First the characterization of the powders used for their surface area and composition properties, obtaining a surface area of 300m2/g and 870m2/g for zeolite ZSM-5 and activated charcoal, respectively, and by x-ray diffractogram, we can see they were powders without impurities. The properties of the ZSM-5 zeolite end pieces as the surface area of 10m2/g, their stability in water and the maximum adsorption capacity were measured, the latter was evaluated using the methylene blue (AM) dye, obtaining a maximum adsorption rate of 930 mg / kg. The reuse of the pieces was efficient, recovering approximately 70% of the removal capacity.