Saúde Mental & Arte: o Teatro do Oprimido como ferramenta em saúde mental
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Data
2021-02-15
Autores
Chaves, Caroline Medeiros [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Moreira, Maria Inês Badaró [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
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Resumo
Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo principal analisar a relevância da arte e, mais especificamente, do
Teatro do Oprimido na promoção de saúde e no fortalecimento da autonomia de indivíduos que
apresentam questões de sofrimento psíquico. Inserido em projeto guarda-chuva denominado
“Saúde Mental & Arte: análise sobre o uso de múltiplas linguagens e expressões artísticas para
compreensão de seu potencial terapêutico como ferramenta de atuação em Saúde” cujo objetivo
primário é compreender a importância da arte, em suas diversas formas de expressão, como
ferramenta para atuação no campo da saúde mental. Respaldado pela atual política de saúde
mental brasileira, que tem como princípio o cuidado em liberdade em rede de apoio psicossocial
e comunitário. A metodologia empregada foi de cunho qualitativo realizada por meio de revisão
bibliográfica e uso de entrevista semi-estruturada. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas a
fim de proceder análise de conteúdo. Foram realizadas entrevistas com pessoas que utilizam o
teatro do oprimido como estratégia de ações no cotidiano profissional. Dentre os aspectos que
podemos destacar, encontra-se o empoderamento de indivíduos que vivenciam sofrimento
mental intenso, além do surgimento de transformações nas relações sociais e familiares dos
mesmos, a partir da desmecanização do corpo por meio de jogos teatrais efetuados nos encontros
de grupo de Teatro do Oprimido, do exercício de reflexão acerca do que é opressão e de como se
manifesta no cotidiano, da possibilidade de repensar ações a partir da encenação, onde o sujeito
tem a oportunidade de revisitar uma situação e “se ver agindo”, da criação de um espetáculo de
teatro fórum, no qual surgem possibilidades de ação vindas também dos espectadores, que
encontram abertura para entrar em cena e compor com ela, tornando o espaço do palco,
inclusive, mais democrático. Acreditamos que este estudo possa auxiliar na disseminação do
conhecimento a respeito do potencial da arte no fazer terapêutico em saúde mental, de maneira
acessível para a comunidade, tanto dentro quanto fora do âmbito acadêmico.
This project’s main objective is to analyze the relevance of art and, more specifically, the relevance of the Theatre of the Oppressed in health promotion and autonomy strengthening for individuals living under situations of psychic suffering. Inserted on an integrated project called “Art and Mental Health: Analysis about the usage of multiple language and artistic expressions for comprehension of its therapeutic potential as an appliance of acting in Health'' with the primary objective of understanding the importance of art, in it various ways of expression, as tool that helps in Mental Health working. Supported by the current Brazilian Mental Health Policy, which has as a principle the treatment while living in freedom, inserted on a psychosocial and communitarian support web. The methodology used is qualitative research, accomplished through bibliographic reviews and the usage of semi-structured interviews. The interviews were recorded and transcribed in order to analyze content. These interviews were done with people that use the Theatre of the Oppressed as an action strategy in their professional life. Among the aspects brought, we can highlight the empowerment of individuals living under intense mental suffering, the positive transformations in their social and familiar relations, as a result from their bodies’ demechanization by theatrical games that happened during the meetings of a group of Theatre of the Oppressed, from the exercising of reflecting about what oppression could be and how it manifests in our daily lives , from the possibility of rethinking actions while performing, once they have the opportunity of revisit a certain situation and see their own behavior, from the creation of a Theatre Forum spectacle in which ideas and possibilities of behaving are given by the spectators, who can also go up stage to perform a scene as their suggestions, also making this environment more democratic. We believe that this study can enable the spreading of knowledge, in an accessible way inside and out of the academic field, about art’s potential when in therapeutic work into mental health
This project’s main objective is to analyze the relevance of art and, more specifically, the relevance of the Theatre of the Oppressed in health promotion and autonomy strengthening for individuals living under situations of psychic suffering. Inserted on an integrated project called “Art and Mental Health: Analysis about the usage of multiple language and artistic expressions for comprehension of its therapeutic potential as an appliance of acting in Health'' with the primary objective of understanding the importance of art, in it various ways of expression, as tool that helps in Mental Health working. Supported by the current Brazilian Mental Health Policy, which has as a principle the treatment while living in freedom, inserted on a psychosocial and communitarian support web. The methodology used is qualitative research, accomplished through bibliographic reviews and the usage of semi-structured interviews. The interviews were recorded and transcribed in order to analyze content. These interviews were done with people that use the Theatre of the Oppressed as an action strategy in their professional life. Among the aspects brought, we can highlight the empowerment of individuals living under intense mental suffering, the positive transformations in their social and familiar relations, as a result from their bodies’ demechanization by theatrical games that happened during the meetings of a group of Theatre of the Oppressed, from the exercising of reflecting about what oppression could be and how it manifests in our daily lives , from the possibility of rethinking actions while performing, once they have the opportunity of revisit a certain situation and see their own behavior, from the creation of a Theatre Forum spectacle in which ideas and possibilities of behaving are given by the spectators, who can also go up stage to perform a scene as their suggestions, also making this environment more democratic. We believe that this study can enable the spreading of knowledge, in an accessible way inside and out of the academic field, about art’s potential when in therapeutic work into mental health
Descrição
Citação
CHAVES, Caroline Medeiros. Saúde Mental & Arte: o Teatro do Oprimido como ferramenta em saúde mental. 2021. 38f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Psicologia) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2021.