O cortisol salivar como biomarcador de estresse no esporte
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Data
2012-04-24
Autores
Januário, Wederley Alexandre [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Spadari, Regina Celia [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A prática de exercício físico desencadeia reações semelhantes à resposta de
estresse e, por isso, seus biomarcadores podem ser utilizados para avaliar o efeito
do treinamento e de competições sobre o organismo do atleta. Os objetivos deste
trabalho foram: (1) verificar se a ingestão de alimentos durante a primeira hora após
acordar e a composição desta refeição alteram a Resposta do Cortisol ao Acordar
(RCA); e (2) determinar a concentração salivar de cortisol como indicador dos
índices de estresse em atletas de biribol. No primeiro estudo a RCA foi avaliada em
16 jogadores de basquete que se mantiveram em jejum ou ingeriram, nos primeiros
30 min após acordar, uma refeição com composição equilibrada de macronutrientes
ou com predominância de carboidratos, de proteínas, ou de lipídios. Foram feitas
coletas de saliva ao acordar, 30 e 60 min após. Os resultados mostraram que a
ingestão de refeição equilibrada, com predominância de carboidratos ou de
proteínas não altera a RCA, mas que a refeição rica em lipídios resulta em aumento
significativo da RCA. No segundo estudo foi avaliada a concentração salivar de
cortisol de 24 praticantes de biribol, antes e após o jogo final de um campeonato. Os
resultados mostraram que, mesmo sendo o biribol um esporte com característica
recreativa, nos atletas da série A o aumento da concentração salivar de cortisol
após jogo foi maior do que aquele apresentado pelos jogadores da série B.
Concluímos que o cortisol salivar pode ser usado como parâmetro indicativo de
desempenho esportivo, desde que seguidas as orientações para coleta das
amostras. Por ser um método não invasivo, tende a se firmar como um teste padrão
ouro no esporte e pode ser usado como biomarcador para monitoramento de
alterações fisiológicas durante prática esportiva e em repouso. Concluímos também
que a ingestão de alimentos no período de coleta das amostras para determinação
x
da RCA pode ser permitida desde que seja controlada a quantidade de lipídios na
refeição.
The practice of physical exercise triggers reactions that are similar to the stress response and therefore their biomarkers may be used to evaluate the effect of training and competition on the athlete’s organism. The objectives of this work were: (1) to verify whether the food intake during the first hour after awakening and this meal composition would interfere with the cortisol awakening response (CAR); and (2) to determine the salivary concentration of cortisol (SCC) in biribol athletes during the final game of a championship. In the first study the CAR was evaluated in 16 basketball players who remained fasted or took breakfast in the first 30 min after awakening in which the composition of macronutrients was balanced or there was a predominance of carbohydrates, proteins, or lipids. Saliva samples were collected immediately upon awakening, 30 and 60 min after. The results showed that intake of a balanced meal or a meal with predominance of carbohydrates or protein does not alter the CAR, but that the high-fat meal caused a significant increase in the CAR. In the second study, the SCC was determined in 24 biribol practitioners before and after the final game of a championship. The results showed that, even though this sport is for recreational purpose, the SCC after the game was higher in the practitioners of A series than those in the B series. It is concluded that SCC can be used as a parameter in the evaluation of atheltes’ performance, since the guidelines for sample collection were strictly followed. Because it is a noninvasive method, it tends to be established as a gold standard test. It is also concluded that food intake in the period of sample collection for determination of the CAR may be allowed since the lipid content was reduced
The practice of physical exercise triggers reactions that are similar to the stress response and therefore their biomarkers may be used to evaluate the effect of training and competition on the athlete’s organism. The objectives of this work were: (1) to verify whether the food intake during the first hour after awakening and this meal composition would interfere with the cortisol awakening response (CAR); and (2) to determine the salivary concentration of cortisol (SCC) in biribol athletes during the final game of a championship. In the first study the CAR was evaluated in 16 basketball players who remained fasted or took breakfast in the first 30 min after awakening in which the composition of macronutrients was balanced or there was a predominance of carbohydrates, proteins, or lipids. Saliva samples were collected immediately upon awakening, 30 and 60 min after. The results showed that intake of a balanced meal or a meal with predominance of carbohydrates or protein does not alter the CAR, but that the high-fat meal caused a significant increase in the CAR. In the second study, the SCC was determined in 24 biribol practitioners before and after the final game of a championship. The results showed that, even though this sport is for recreational purpose, the SCC after the game was higher in the practitioners of A series than those in the B series. It is concluded that SCC can be used as a parameter in the evaluation of atheltes’ performance, since the guidelines for sample collection were strictly followed. Because it is a noninvasive method, it tends to be established as a gold standard test. It is also concluded that food intake in the period of sample collection for determination of the CAR may be allowed since the lipid content was reduced
Descrição
Citação
JANUÁRIO, Wederley Alexandre. O cortisol salivar como biomarcador de estresse no esporte. 2012. 71f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2012.