A reconstrução da realidade: o delírio como artifício de redução do sofrimento psíquico
Data
2016-11-29
Autores
Morais, Raphael Souto 
Orientadores
Casetto, Sidnei José
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Diversas foram as razões atribuídas ao delírio ao longo dos séculos, comumente relacionadas às concepções de loucura da época. No século XVIII, por exemplo, atribuía-se ao delírio uma causa somática (erro da sensopercepção) ao mesmo tempo que ao adoecimento da alma (erro de julgamento). A psiquiatria contemporânea, por sua vez, vê o delírio como disfunção cognitiva. A psicanálise, por outro lado, defende que o delírio tem uma função na psicose. Freud, em seu ensaio sobre Schreber, propõe que o delírio constitui uma tentativa de cura, de reconstrução da realidade. A pesquisa realizada adotou a abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se da metodologia de estudo de caso. A partir da consulta de prontuários e de entrevistas abertas, tentou-se analisar a função do delírio de quatro usuários, com características psicóticas, de um núcleo de atendimento psicossocial da cidade de Santos, bem como construir relações entre as histórias de vida e as formações delirantes desses sujeitos. Para isso foi utilizada a técnica da pesquisa com o método psicanalítico, que envolve a escuta flutuante, a atenção às reações contratransferenciais e a elementos da entrevista, incluindo as palavras utilizadas e os lapsos de linguagem, que possibilitem sua interpretação. Foi possível analisar o delírio dos pacientes selecionados, bem como identificar as necessidades supostamente supridas pelo delírio e suas relações com o contexto e história de vida de cada um. Observou-se que nem sempre o delírio atuaria de forma a reduzir o sofrimento psíquico, podendo encontrar-se intensificado em alguns sujeitos; porém, ainda assim ele poderia agir de modo a suprir necessidades psíquicas primitivas, de natureza narcísica. A partir do material de pesquisa, especulou-se uma nova hipótese: de que o delírio surgiria da tentativa de solucionar conflitos intensos entre as esferas do ideal (Eu Ideal, Ideal do Eu) e da realidade.
Many were the reasons attributed to the delusion over the centuries, commonly related to conceptions of madness of the season. In the 18th century, for example, attributed to the delusion somatic cause (the felt sense error) at the same time that the illness of the soul (error of judgment). Contemporary Psychiatry, in turn, see the delusion as cognitive dysfunction. Psychoanalysis, on the other hand, argues that the delusion has a role in psychosis. Freud, in his essay on Schreber, proposes that the delusion is an attempt at healing, reconstruction of reality. The survey adopted a qualitative approach, using the methodology of case study. From the consultation of records and open interviews, attempted to analyze the delusion’s function of four users, with psychotic features, a core of psychosocial care of city of Santos, as well as build relationships between the life stories and the delusional formations of these subjects. For this research technique was used with the psychoanalytic method, which involves listening, attention to the reactions contratransferencials and elements of the interview, including the words used and the lapses of language, enabling its interpretation. It was possible to analyze the delusion of selected patients, as well as identify needs supposedly provided by delusion and its relationship with the context and history of life. It was observed that not always the delusion would act to reduce the distress, and can be found in some subjects was intensified; however, he still could act so as to meet needs primitive narcissistic nature psychic. From the research material, it was speculated a new hypothesis: that the delusion would arise from trying to solve intense conflicts between the spheres of the ideal (Ego Ideal, Ideal Ego) and reality
Many were the reasons attributed to the delusion over the centuries, commonly related to conceptions of madness of the season. In the 18th century, for example, attributed to the delusion somatic cause (the felt sense error) at the same time that the illness of the soul (error of judgment). Contemporary Psychiatry, in turn, see the delusion as cognitive dysfunction. Psychoanalysis, on the other hand, argues that the delusion has a role in psychosis. Freud, in his essay on Schreber, proposes that the delusion is an attempt at healing, reconstruction of reality. The survey adopted a qualitative approach, using the methodology of case study. From the consultation of records and open interviews, attempted to analyze the delusion’s function of four users, with psychotic features, a core of psychosocial care of city of Santos, as well as build relationships between the life stories and the delusional formations of these subjects. For this research technique was used with the psychoanalytic method, which involves listening, attention to the reactions contratransferencials and elements of the interview, including the words used and the lapses of language, enabling its interpretation. It was possible to analyze the delusion of selected patients, as well as identify needs supposedly provided by delusion and its relationship with the context and history of life. It was observed that not always the delusion would act to reduce the distress, and can be found in some subjects was intensified; however, he still could act so as to meet needs primitive narcissistic nature psychic. From the research material, it was speculated a new hypothesis: that the delusion would arise from trying to solve intense conflicts between the spheres of the ideal (Ego Ideal, Ideal Ego) and reality
Descrição
Citação
MORAIS, Raphael Souto. A reconstrução da realidade: o delírio como artifício de redução do sofrimento psíquico. 2016. 136 f.
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Psicologia) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2016.