A ginástica postural e suas motivações
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Data
2011-12-06
Autores
Bertoli, Flávia Cronéis [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Terra, Vinícius Demarchi Silva [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
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Durante o período da Revolução Industrial surgiram grandes escolas de ginástica, como a inglesa, alemã, sueca, dinamarquesa e francesa, com o objetivo de garantir sempre a produtividade do trabalhador. A partir do século XX, a ginástica passa a ter um caráter competitivo, na década de 80 ela passa a ter um caráter estético e nos dias atuais grande importância é dada à saúde do indivíduo, desta forma a ginástica tem um papel fundamental no serviço de saúde. Estudos mostram que 80% da população queixam-se de dores na coluna ao menos uma vez na vida, sendo este sintoma considerado uma desordem epidêmica que traz prejuízos econômicos nos serviços de saúde. Exercícios de correção postural, através do alongamento, foram registrados pela primeira vez em 1947. O tema desta pesquisa foi a Ginástica Postural, prática contemporânea que passou a ser inserida nas academias com o objetivo de tratar das posturas dos alunos com objetivos estéticos e saudáveis. A principal problemática foi analisar as motivações dos alunos para a prática de Ginástica Postural. Para tanto, as aulas de Ginástica Postural de uma academia da cidade de Santos (SP) foram acompanhadas para a realização deste, com os objetivos de compreender os discursos da beleza e da postura dos praticantes de ginástica corretiva; conhecer os motivos que levam as pessoas a aderirem à prática de ginástica postural; descobrir as razões que fazem com que elas permaneçam na modalidade; verificar o nível de conhecimento que os praticantes possuem sobre o benefício da ginástica postural e; elucidar os conceitos de saúde associados à ideia de postura, ou de má postura. O presente estudo desenvolveu a pesquisa do tipo descritiva qualitativa, utilizando como instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista semi-estruturada e a observação participante, associada a uma descrição das aulas. O universo de entrevistados foi constituído por 12 praticantes de ginástica postural, sendo dez do sexo feminino e dois do sexo masculino, com idades entre 32 a 79 anos. Nas entrevistas foram abordadas questões como identificação do participante, práticas anteriores de academia, aspectos motivacionais da ginástica postural, conceitos de saúde, beleza e postura corporal. Os resultados apontam que a principal motivação para iniciação à prática de Ginástica Postural foi a dor, mas este fator intrínseco sofre modificações ao longo da prática, o que parece associado a um processo educativo conduzido pelas relações professor-aluno.
During the Industrial Revolution were found great schools of gymnastics, such as English, German, Swede, Danish and French, in order to assure always worker productivity. From the twentieth century, the gymnastics is replaced by a competitive feature, in the 80's it goes to have an aesthetic characteristics and nowadays great importance is given to an individual's health. Therefore, the gymnastics has been considered fundamental in service health. Studies show that 80% of the population complains of back pain at least once in life, this symptom is considered an epidemic disorder that brings economic losses in the health services. Postural correction exercises, through stretching, were first recorded in 1947. The theme of this research was Postural Gymnastics, contemporary practice that came to be inserted in the academies in order to analyze the postures of the students with healthy and aesthetic goals. The main problem was to analyze the motivations of students for the practice of Postural Gymnastics. For that, the lessons of Postural Gymnastics at an Academy in the city of Santos (SP) were followed to realize this project, aiming to figure out the speeches of beauty and posture of the practitioners of corrective gymnastics, to know the reasons that lead people to join the practice of postural gymnastics, figure out the reasons that make them to remain in this sport, to verify the level of knowledge of the practitioners about the benefits of exercise and posture; clarify the concepts of health associated with the meaning of posture, or bad posture. This study developed a descriptive qualitative research, by using semi-structured interviews for collecting data and participant observation, associated with the description of the classes. The interviews consisted of 12 practitioners postural gymnastics, ten females and two males, from 32 to 79 years old. In the interviews were approached questions such as identification of the participant, former practices in gym, motivational aspects of postural gymnastics, concepts of health, beauty and body posture. The results show that the main motivation for starting the practice of Postural Gymnastics is pain, but this intrinsic factor changes during the practice, which seems to be related to an educational process conducted by the teacher-student relationship
During the Industrial Revolution were found great schools of gymnastics, such as English, German, Swede, Danish and French, in order to assure always worker productivity. From the twentieth century, the gymnastics is replaced by a competitive feature, in the 80's it goes to have an aesthetic characteristics and nowadays great importance is given to an individual's health. Therefore, the gymnastics has been considered fundamental in service health. Studies show that 80% of the population complains of back pain at least once in life, this symptom is considered an epidemic disorder that brings economic losses in the health services. Postural correction exercises, through stretching, were first recorded in 1947. The theme of this research was Postural Gymnastics, contemporary practice that came to be inserted in the academies in order to analyze the postures of the students with healthy and aesthetic goals. The main problem was to analyze the motivations of students for the practice of Postural Gymnastics. For that, the lessons of Postural Gymnastics at an Academy in the city of Santos (SP) were followed to realize this project, aiming to figure out the speeches of beauty and posture of the practitioners of corrective gymnastics, to know the reasons that lead people to join the practice of postural gymnastics, figure out the reasons that make them to remain in this sport, to verify the level of knowledge of the practitioners about the benefits of exercise and posture; clarify the concepts of health associated with the meaning of posture, or bad posture. This study developed a descriptive qualitative research, by using semi-structured interviews for collecting data and participant observation, associated with the description of the classes. The interviews consisted of 12 practitioners postural gymnastics, ten females and two males, from 32 to 79 years old. In the interviews were approached questions such as identification of the participant, former practices in gym, motivational aspects of postural gymnastics, concepts of health, beauty and body posture. The results show that the main motivation for starting the practice of Postural Gymnastics is pain, but this intrinsic factor changes during the practice, which seems to be related to an educational process conducted by the teacher-student relationship
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Citação
BERTOLI, Flávia Cronéis. A ginástica postural e suas motivações. 2011. 103 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Educação Física) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2011.