Avaliação do desenvolvimento neuromotor de lactentes prematuros e fatores biológicos e socioeconômicos
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Data
2010
Autores
Esteves, Jéssica Pedrassa [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Sá, Cristina dos Santos Cardoso de [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
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Resumo
Nas últimas décadas o avanço tecnológico alcançado no campo da assistência neonatal
contribuiu notavelmente para a redução das taxas de mortalidade de recém nascidos prétermos (RNPT) favorecendo os índices de sobrevida. Tais bebês, porém, têm maior
probabilidade de apresentar atrasos do desenvolvimento neuromotor. Estas crianças estão
propensas aos riscos biológicos, ao nascimento, e aos riscos socieconômicos. E assim podem
apresentar dificuldades para adaptar-se à vida extra-uterina devido à imaturidade dos diversos
sistemas orgânicos e aos riscos os quais estão expostos. O objetivo deste estudo foi
caracterizar o desenvolvimento neuromotor de lactentes prematuros e analisar a influência de
fatores biológicos e socioeconômicos na aquisição motora destas crianças. Cada bebê foi
avaliado quanto ao seu desempenho motor pela escala canadense Alberta Infant Motor Scale
(AIMS) e foi utilizado questionário com os responsáveis, contendo identificação do neonato,
informações sobre gestação, parto e pós-parto, as complicações clínicas. A amostra foi
composta por 30 bebês de ambos os gêneros, nascidos com idade gestacional inferior a 37
semanas gestacionais divididos em dois grupos segundo a IG: limítrofe e moderado. Na
primeira avaliação neuromotora 79% dos pré-termos limítrofes situou-se entre 50-75%
somente 15% situaram-se no percentil 10 apresentando desempenho motor suspeito.
Enquanto que 70% dos bebês do grupo moderado permaneceram no percentil 50. No presente
estudo não foram encontrados atrasos significativos no desempenho motor grosso de bebês
pré-termos avaliados pela AIMS. Os fatores socioeconômicos e biológicos, exceto o tempo de
internação em UTI (p=0,055) não influenciaram o desenvolvimento neuromotor dos bebês no
que se refere à avaliação inicial
In recent decades technological advances achieved in the field of neonatal care contributed significantly to the reduction of mortality rates of infants born preterm favoring the survival rates. These babies, however, are more likely to be delayed neuromotor development. These children are prone to biological risks at birth and socioeconomic risks. And so may have difficulty adapting to extrauterine life due to immaturity of various organ systems and the risks they are exposed. The aim of this study was to characterize the neuromotor development of preterm infants and to analyze the influence of biological and socioeconomic factors driving the acquisition of these children. Each infant was evaluated for its performance by Canadian scale motor Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) questionnaire was used and with those responsible, containing identification of the newborn, information on pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum medical complications. The sample consisted of 30 infants of both sexes, born with gestational age less than 37 weeks gestation were divided into two groups according to gestational age: borderline and mild. In the first assessment of neuromotor 79% threshold preterm births was between 50-75% only 15% were located in the 10th percentile have a performance motor suspect. While 70% of the babies remained in the moderate group 50th percentile. In the present study were not found significant delays in gross motor performance of preterm infants assessed by AIMS. The socioeconomic and biological factors, except the time of ICU admission (p = 0.055) did not affect the neuromotor development of infants in relation to the initial assessment.
In recent decades technological advances achieved in the field of neonatal care contributed significantly to the reduction of mortality rates of infants born preterm favoring the survival rates. These babies, however, are more likely to be delayed neuromotor development. These children are prone to biological risks at birth and socioeconomic risks. And so may have difficulty adapting to extrauterine life due to immaturity of various organ systems and the risks they are exposed. The aim of this study was to characterize the neuromotor development of preterm infants and to analyze the influence of biological and socioeconomic factors driving the acquisition of these children. Each infant was evaluated for its performance by Canadian scale motor Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) questionnaire was used and with those responsible, containing identification of the newborn, information on pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum medical complications. The sample consisted of 30 infants of both sexes, born with gestational age less than 37 weeks gestation were divided into two groups according to gestational age: borderline and mild. In the first assessment of neuromotor 79% threshold preterm births was between 50-75% only 15% were located in the 10th percentile have a performance motor suspect. While 70% of the babies remained in the moderate group 50th percentile. In the present study were not found significant delays in gross motor performance of preterm infants assessed by AIMS. The socioeconomic and biological factors, except the time of ICU admission (p = 0.055) did not affect the neuromotor development of infants in relation to the initial assessment.
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Citação
ESTEVES, Jéssica Pedrassa. Avaliação do desenvolvimento neuromotor de lactentes prematuros efatoresbiológicos e socioeconômicos. 2010. 51 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Fisioterapia) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade (ISS), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, 2010.