Dieta restritiva materna e comportamento da mãe durante as refeições dos seus filhos
Data
2016-05-31
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVO: A prevalência do uso de dieta restritiva vem aumentando,
muitas mulheres realizam estas dietas cronicamente e independentemente do seu
estado nutricional. A infância é uma fase importante para a formação dos hábitos e
preferências alimentares, que tendem a permanecer pela vida adulta. Considerando a
elevada prevalência do uso de dieta restritiva por parte das mães e a extrema
importância dos seus comportamentos durante as refeições dos seus filhos, o presente
estudo objetivou identificar se a restrição alimentar materna influencia o comportamento
da mãe durante a alimentação do seu filho(a). MÉTODO: A amostra foi composta por
137 duplas de crianças e mães, com idade entre 2 e 7 anos. As mães responderam 4
questionários (Questionário Sócio econômico estruturado, Parent Mealtime Action Scale
PMAS, Restraint Scale – RS, e o ThreeFactor Eating Questionnaire TFEQ). Utilizouse o teste estatístico QuiQuadrado para investigar associação entre o estado
nutricional da criança e sua mãe e entre o estado nutricional materno e o
comportamento alimentar materno restritivo. Realizouse a Regressão Linear e
Regressão Logística para verificar os fatores influenciadores e associados com o
comportamento materno durante as refeições dos seus filhos. RESULTADOS: Mães
com excesso de peso apresentaram maior comportamento alimentar restritivo segundo
a RS (X2=7,91; p=0,005) e o TFEQ (X2 = 11,10; p=0,02). A restrição alimentar materna
associouse negativamente com modelo de consumo de guloseimas para a criança (B=
0,21; p=0,02) e associouse positivamente com o comportamento de restringir a
quantidade de gordura (B=0,2; p=0,04) e guloseimas na alimentação do seu filho
(B=0,19; p=0,04). Além disso, quanto maior a escolaridade materna menor a persuasão
positiva para que a criança coma (B= 0,2; p=0,02). CONCLUSÕES: Restrição é um
comportamento materno que prejudica o aprendizado da criança com relação à auto
regulação da ingestão calórica e molda suas preferências alimentares para os
alimentos “proibidos”, favorece o desenvolvimento do excesso de peso e de transtornos
alimentares posteriormente.
INTRODUCTION: Considering the elevated prevalence of the use of restrictive diets by mothers, and the extreme importance of the mother’s behavior during meals with respect to the formation of eating habits by her children, the present study aimed to identify if a restrictive maternal diet influenced the mother’s behavior while feeding her child. METHODS: The sample consisted of 137 motherchild couples, the children being between 2 and 7 years of age. The mothers filled in 4 questionnaires (Structured socioeconomic questionnaire, Parent mealtime action scale – PMAS, Restraint scale – RS, and the Threefactor eating questionnaire – TFEQ). The chisquared statistical test was used to investigate the association between the nutritional status of the child and his/hers mother, and between the mother’s nutritional status and restrictive maternal eating behavior. Linear regression and logistic regression were used to verify the influential factors associated with the mother’s behavior during her children´s meals. RESULTS: Overweight mothers presented greater restrictive eating behavior according to both RS (X2=7.91; p=0.005) and TFEQ (X2 = 11.10; p=0.02). Restrictive maternal eating was associated negatively with the goodies consumption model of the child (B= 0.21; p=0.02), and associated positively with the behavior of restricting the amount of fat (B=0.2; p=0.04) and goodies in the feeding of her child (B=0.19; p=0.04). In addition, the higher the maternal scholastic level, the less the positive persuasion for the child to eat (B= 0.2; p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Restriction is a maternal behavior that prejudices learning by the child with respect to selfregulation of calorie ingestion, and molds his/her food preferences for the ‘forbidden’ foods, which can favor the development of excess weight and food disorders and disturbances.
INTRODUCTION: Considering the elevated prevalence of the use of restrictive diets by mothers, and the extreme importance of the mother’s behavior during meals with respect to the formation of eating habits by her children, the present study aimed to identify if a restrictive maternal diet influenced the mother’s behavior while feeding her child. METHODS: The sample consisted of 137 motherchild couples, the children being between 2 and 7 years of age. The mothers filled in 4 questionnaires (Structured socioeconomic questionnaire, Parent mealtime action scale – PMAS, Restraint scale – RS, and the Threefactor eating questionnaire – TFEQ). The chisquared statistical test was used to investigate the association between the nutritional status of the child and his/hers mother, and between the mother’s nutritional status and restrictive maternal eating behavior. Linear regression and logistic regression were used to verify the influential factors associated with the mother’s behavior during her children´s meals. RESULTS: Overweight mothers presented greater restrictive eating behavior according to both RS (X2=7.91; p=0.005) and TFEQ (X2 = 11.10; p=0.02). Restrictive maternal eating was associated negatively with the goodies consumption model of the child (B= 0.21; p=0.02), and associated positively with the behavior of restricting the amount of fat (B=0.2; p=0.04) and goodies in the feeding of her child (B=0.19; p=0.04). In addition, the higher the maternal scholastic level, the less the positive persuasion for the child to eat (B= 0.2; p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Restriction is a maternal behavior that prejudices learning by the child with respect to selfregulation of calorie ingestion, and molds his/her food preferences for the ‘forbidden’ foods, which can favor the development of excess weight and food disorders and disturbances.
Descrição
Citação
GALLO, Barbara Bueno de Moraes. Dieta restritiva materna e comportamento da mãe durante as refeições dos seus filhos. 2016. 106 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Nutrição) – Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2016.