Aborto provocado e inseguro 20 anos depois da Conferência Internacional sobre População e Desenvolvimento, Cairo, 1994: prevalência e características sociodemográficas, favela México 70, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brasil
Data
2015-03-20
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
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Resumo
Após 20 anos da Conferência Internacional de População e Desenvolvimento (CIPD) realizada no Cairo em 1994, a situação do aborto no Brasil permanece praticamente a mesma. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como finalidade calcular a prevalência de mulheres com aborto provocado e inseguro (AP) bem como as características sociodemográficas (CSD) a ele associadas em um a população de baixa renda. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com amostra aleatória de mulheres em idade fértil de 15 a 49 anos de idade, 860 mulheres ao todo, residentes na Favela México 70, em São Vicente - SP, efetuada no último trimestre de 2008. O método utilizado para a análise dos dados foi a regressão logística multinomial múltipla (RLMM) para determinar as principais variáveis independentes associadas à ocorrência de aborto provocado, com IC=95% e p<0,05. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com o auxilio do programa SPSS versão 17.0. Resultados: Entre as 735 mulheres de 15 a 49 anos que apresentaram histórico de gravidez, observou-se mediana de 2 gestações para as mulheres sem aborto e, para as mulheres que declararam aborto provocado (AP), 51 Mulheres, uma mediana de 4 gestações. Foi observada ainda média de 2,7 filhos nascidos vivos/mulher entre essas últimas. No modelo final de RLMM permaneceram as seguintes variáveis independentes categorizadas: ?número de filhos NV> 2? (OR=4,0), mostrando que as mulheres com 2 ou mais filhos apresentam uma chance 4 vezes maior de provocar um aborto e ?aceitação do aborto por falta de condições econômicas? (OR=11,5) o que indica que as mulheres sem condições econômicas de prosseguir na gestação e/ou criar mais um filho apresentam chance 11,5 vezes maior de provocar um aborto. Conclusões: Pode-se concluir que, por falta de um sistema eficaz de contracepção e de planejamento familiar, mulheres de baixa renda ainda hoje recorrem ao aborto provocado para a diminuição da própria fecundidade e do tamanho da família, frente a uma gestação inesperada, não pretendida ou inoportuna.
Objective: this research aimed at calculating the prevalence of women with induced and unsafe abortion (IA/UA) and spontaneous abortion (SA) as well as the sociodemographic characteristics (SDC) associated to them in a low income population. Method: it consists of a cross-sectional study, with a random sample of women in fertile age from 15 to 49 years of age, living in Favela México 70, in São Vicente- SP, performed in the last quarter of 2008. The method used for the analysis of the data was the Multiple Multinomial Logistic Regression (MMLR) in order to determine the main independent variables associated to the occurrence of induced abortion, with CI = 95% and p<0.05. The statistical analyses were performed with the help of the SPSS software, version 17.0. Results: Among the 860 women from 15 to 49 years of age living in this community, it was observed a median of 2 pregnancies for women without abortions and, for women who reported induced abortion (IA), 51 women, a median of 4 pregnancies. It was also observed a mean of 2,53 live born children/women in the studied population. In the final MMLR model, there remained the following categorized independent variables: ?number of LB children > 2? (OR=4.0), showing that women with 2 or more children have a 4-times-higher chance of inducing an abortion and ?accepting abortion by lack of economic conditions? (OR=11.5), which indicates that women without economic conditions of continuing pregnancy and/or raising one more child present an 11.5 times higher chance of inducing an abortion. It may be concluded that, by lack of an efficient contraception system and family planning, women with low income up to now, after 20 years of the ICPD, Cairo, 1994, resort to induced and unsafe abortion in order to diminish their own fertility and family size, in face of an unintended, unwanted or inopportune pregnancy.
Objective: this research aimed at calculating the prevalence of women with induced and unsafe abortion (IA/UA) and spontaneous abortion (SA) as well as the sociodemographic characteristics (SDC) associated to them in a low income population. Method: it consists of a cross-sectional study, with a random sample of women in fertile age from 15 to 49 years of age, living in Favela México 70, in São Vicente- SP, performed in the last quarter of 2008. The method used for the analysis of the data was the Multiple Multinomial Logistic Regression (MMLR) in order to determine the main independent variables associated to the occurrence of induced abortion, with CI = 95% and p<0.05. The statistical analyses were performed with the help of the SPSS software, version 17.0. Results: Among the 860 women from 15 to 49 years of age living in this community, it was observed a median of 2 pregnancies for women without abortions and, for women who reported induced abortion (IA), 51 women, a median of 4 pregnancies. It was also observed a mean of 2,53 live born children/women in the studied population. In the final MMLR model, there remained the following categorized independent variables: ?number of LB children > 2? (OR=4.0), showing that women with 2 or more children have a 4-times-higher chance of inducing an abortion and ?accepting abortion by lack of economic conditions? (OR=11.5), which indicates that women without economic conditions of continuing pregnancy and/or raising one more child present an 11.5 times higher chance of inducing an abortion. It may be concluded that, by lack of an efficient contraception system and family planning, women with low income up to now, after 20 years of the ICPD, Cairo, 1994, resort to induced and unsafe abortion in order to diminish their own fertility and family size, in face of an unintended, unwanted or inopportune pregnancy.
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Citação
SANTOS, Tassia Ferreira. Aborto provocado e inseguro 20 anos depois da conferência internacional sobre população e desenvolvimento, Cairo, 1994: prevalência e características sociodemográficas, favela México 70, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brasil. 2015. 70 f. Tese (Doutorado em Saúde Coletiva) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2015.