Sujeito e modernidade na perspectiva de Alain Touraine
Data
2013-02-28
Autores
Ramos, Rubia Araujo [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Dias, Márcia Regina Tosta [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A necessidade de reflexão sobre as condições da vida social contemporânea é a razão que anima esta pesquisa. Trata-se de um estudo sobre o pensamento sociológico e político de Alain Touraine, que em sua fase mais recente busca compreender a vida social entre os
limites da racionalização e da subjetivação. Para realizá-la, construo uma análise da concepção do autor sobre modernidade e “sociedade pós-industrial”, de modo a obter uma exposição das origens e ascendências do conceito de sujeito. A seleção de alguns conceitos do
repertório touraineano, tais como dissociação e desmodernização, serve de base teórica para descrever as disposições do meio social que, segundo essa perspectiva, corroboram a construção de um novo paradigma, onde emerge o sujeito. Três períodos distintos da modernidade são descritos para compor o conjunto formador da reflexão acerca dos contrassensos e das mudanças significativas da história ocidental moderna, assim como, da necessidade de questões culturais protagonizarem os conflitos no âmbito da vida social, conforme Touraine defende. As condições democráticas na sociedade pós-industrial,
discutidas pelo autor, registram os desdobramentos do fenômeno da dissociação, revelando a democracia como porta de entrada para o retorno do ator, apresentado na figura do sujeito, e a conquista da unidade dos Estados modernos. Em linhas gerais, a Sociologia de Touraine mostra as nuances entre a noção de sujeito e de cultura democrática, sendo que o primeiro se destaca pela ação que lhe é intrínseca, a capacidade de transformação e reconstrução da
modernidade.
The need to reflect about the social life condition at contemporary times is the main reason that inspires this research. It refers to a study regard to the sociological and political Alain Touraine’s thoughts. His most recent work try to understand the limit of rationalization and the subjective perception of social life. In this manner, I am putting together an analysis about author point of view regarding the modernity and ‘postindustrial society’, with purpose to obtain a clear exposition about the origin and ancestry of subject concept. The selection of some Touraine’s repertory concepts, like dissociation and anti-modernization, provides a theoretical basis to describe the arrangements of social milieu which according to this perspective, imposes the construction of a new archetype, where the subject arises. Three distinct modern periods are described as a builder of the reflection group around nonsenses and meaningful changes of occidental modern history, in the same way that the necessity of cultural questions, perform conflicts in the social life environment, just like Touraine supports. According to author’s discussions, the democratic conditions at postindustrial society, lead to an outcome of the dissociation phenomenon, emphasizing the democracy, first, as an entrance gate to the main player return, represented in this case, by the subject figure and second, as the main pillar of the modern unified State. In general words, the regulated content of Touraine’s Sociology, just reveals the slight border between subject sense and the democratic culture, where the first one is distinguished by his particular role in society, or in another way, the capacity to transform and rebuild the modernity.
The need to reflect about the social life condition at contemporary times is the main reason that inspires this research. It refers to a study regard to the sociological and political Alain Touraine’s thoughts. His most recent work try to understand the limit of rationalization and the subjective perception of social life. In this manner, I am putting together an analysis about author point of view regarding the modernity and ‘postindustrial society’, with purpose to obtain a clear exposition about the origin and ancestry of subject concept. The selection of some Touraine’s repertory concepts, like dissociation and anti-modernization, provides a theoretical basis to describe the arrangements of social milieu which according to this perspective, imposes the construction of a new archetype, where the subject arises. Three distinct modern periods are described as a builder of the reflection group around nonsenses and meaningful changes of occidental modern history, in the same way that the necessity of cultural questions, perform conflicts in the social life environment, just like Touraine supports. According to author’s discussions, the democratic conditions at postindustrial society, lead to an outcome of the dissociation phenomenon, emphasizing the democracy, first, as an entrance gate to the main player return, represented in this case, by the subject figure and second, as the main pillar of the modern unified State. In general words, the regulated content of Touraine’s Sociology, just reveals the slight border between subject sense and the democratic culture, where the first one is distinguished by his particular role in society, or in another way, the capacity to transform and rebuild the modernity.