Maternal BMI and preterm birth: A systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis

Date
2009-01-01Author
Torloni, Maria Regina [UNIFESP]
Betran, Ana Pilar
Daher, Silvia [UNIFESP]
Widmer, Mariana
Dolan, Siobhan M.
Menon, Ramkumar
Bergel, Eduardo
Allen, Tomas
Merialdi, Mario
Type
ResenhaISSN
1476-7058Is part of
Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal MedicineDOI
10.3109/14767050903042561Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Objectives. To examine the association between high prepregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) and the risk of preterm birth (PTB).Methods. A systematic review of the literature. We included cohorts and case-control studies published since 1968 that examined the association between BMI and PTB of all types, spontaneous (s), elective and with ruptured membranes (PPROM) in three gestational age categories: general (<37 weeks), moderate (32-36 weeks) and very (<32 weeks) PTB.Results. 20,401 citations were screened and 39 studies (1,788,633 women) were included. Preobese (BMI, 25-29.9) and obese I (BMI, 30-34.9) women have a reduced risk for sPTB: AOR - 0.85 (95% CI: 0.80-0.92) and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75-0.92), respectively. Their risk for moderate PTB was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04-1.38) and 1.60 (95% CI: 1.32-1.94), respectively. Obese II women (BMI, 35-40) have an increased risk for PTB in general (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.12-1.57) moderate (AOR - 2.43, 95% CI: 1.46-4.05) and very PTB (AOR - 1.96, 95% CI: 1.66-2.31). Obese III women (BMI > 40) have an even higher risk for very PTB (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.76-2.94). High BMI does not modify the risk for PPROM and increases the risk for elective PTB.Conclusions. High maternal BMI may have different effects on different types of PTB.
Citation
Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis Ltd, v. 22, n. 11, p. 957-970, 2009.Keywords
Body mass indexobesity
premature birth
preterm labor
overweight
adiposity
literature review
meta-analysis
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