Parâmetros do LTAS que identificam o envelhecimento vocal em idosas
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Data
2008
Autores
Silva, Paula Torres da [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]
Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
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Título de Volume
Resumo
A população idosa no Brasil está crescendo rapidamente. E como qualquer outra função biológica, a voz tende a mudar com a idade, perdendo força e resistência, podendo afetar negativamente a vida social da pessoa idosa. Existem poucos estudos que utilizaram análise acústica a fim de identificar o envelhecimento vocal possibilitando assim reabilitação quando necessário. O objetivo desse estudo foi
identificar os parâmetros de envelhecimento vocal no Long Term Average Spectrum (LTAS) nas mulheres, em duas intensidades. Foram gravados 30 idosos e 30 jovens do sexo feminino na leitura de um texto em intensidades habitual (LH) e forte (LF). Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: Nível de pressão sonora médio (NPS), freqüência fundamental (f0) e através do LTAS, a proporção alpha e as amplitudes de 50 pontos marcados ao longo da faixa de freqüências de 0-8k Hz. As diferenças entre os grupos foram analisadas por estatística paramétrica. Comparadas às mulheres jovens, as idosas apresentaram valores significativamente menores do NPS no LH e menores valores de f0 em ambas LH e LF. No LTAS das idosas, os valores de alfa foram proporcionalmente menores do que as jovens, indicando uma maior inclinação das curvas, e menores valores de amplitude espectral nas faixas de freqüências de 480 a 4640 Hz e de 6720 a 8000 Hz em LH, e 480 a 4800 Hz e de 6560 a 8000 em LF. Além de uma incapacidade para aumentar o NPS em LF, as diferenças na proporção alfa e amplitude nas regiões entre o primeiro e o quarto formantes do LTAS podem ser vistos como parâmetros acústicos do envelhecimento vocal em ambas as intensidades.
The elderly population in Brazil is growing very fast. As any other biological function, the voice tends to change with age, loosing power and strength and might affect negatively the social life of the elderly person. There are very few studies using acoustic analysis to identify vocal aging thus enabling rehabilitation when needed. This study aim’s to identify the parameters of vocal aging in the Long Term Average Spectrum (LTAS) in women, in two vocal efforts. 30 elderly and 30 young female were studied after recording the reading of a text in habitual (HL) and high (HgL) efforts. The following parameters were measured: average sound pressure level (SPL), speech fundamental frequency (f0) and through LTAS, the alpha proportion and amplitudes of 50 points scored over the range of frequencies from 0-8kHz. The differences between groups were analyzed by parametric statistics. Compared to young women, the elderly presented significantly lower values of SPL in HL and lower values of f0 in both HL and HgL. In the LTAS of the elderly, the values of alpha proportion were lower than the young indicating greater inclination curves, and lower amplitude values of spectral bands in the frequency range of 0,48 to 4.6KHz and 6.7 to 8.0KHz in HL, and 0,48 to 4.8KHz and 6.5 to 8.0KHz in HgL. Apart from an inability to increase SPL in HgL, the differences in alpha proportion and amplitude values in the regions between the first and fourth formants of LTAS can be seen as acoustic parameters of vocal aging in both vocal efforts.
The elderly population in Brazil is growing very fast. As any other biological function, the voice tends to change with age, loosing power and strength and might affect negatively the social life of the elderly person. There are very few studies using acoustic analysis to identify vocal aging thus enabling rehabilitation when needed. This study aim’s to identify the parameters of vocal aging in the Long Term Average Spectrum (LTAS) in women, in two vocal efforts. 30 elderly and 30 young female were studied after recording the reading of a text in habitual (HL) and high (HgL) efforts. The following parameters were measured: average sound pressure level (SPL), speech fundamental frequency (f0) and through LTAS, the alpha proportion and amplitudes of 50 points scored over the range of frequencies from 0-8kHz. The differences between groups were analyzed by parametric statistics. Compared to young women, the elderly presented significantly lower values of SPL in HL and lower values of f0 in both HL and HgL. In the LTAS of the elderly, the values of alpha proportion were lower than the young indicating greater inclination curves, and lower amplitude values of spectral bands in the frequency range of 0,48 to 4.6KHz and 6.7 to 8.0KHz in HL, and 0,48 to 4.8KHz and 6.5 to 8.0KHz in HgL. Apart from an inability to increase SPL in HgL, the differences in alpha proportion and amplitude values in the regions between the first and fourth formants of LTAS can be seen as acoustic parameters of vocal aging in both vocal efforts.
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Citação
SILVA, Paula Torres da. Parâmetros do LTAS que identificam o envelhecimento vocal em idosas. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2008.