Valor da ressonância magnética no diagnostico antenatal do acretismo placentário
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Data
2007
Autores
Francisco, Viviane Vieira [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Szejnfeld, Jacob [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
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Objetivo: Estabelecer os principais sinais de acretismo placentário na ressonância magnética (RM) com contraste paramagnético dinâmico em gestantes com fatores de risco e avaliar a utilidade do método. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo em 15 gestantes com suspeita de acretismo placentário, avaliadas entre março de 2003 a fevereiro de 2006, com idade gestacional entre 20 a 31 semanas. Todas as pacientes realizaram RM com protocolo dirigido à avaliação da placenta tendo sido também previamente submetidas à ultra-sonografia (US). Os exames de RM foram realizados em equipamentos de alto campo, sendo adquiridas seqüências HASTE, TURBO FISP, nos planos axial, sagital e coronal e Gradiente echo (GE), pré e pós contraste dinâmico no melhor plano de avaliação placentária. A análise das imagens foi realizada por dois radiologistas em consenso. Os sinais avaliados pela RM foram: o hipersinal transmural, a descontinuidade da parede miometrial nas seqüências rápidas e a identificação dos vasos invadindo o miométrio nas seqüências dinâmicas. Todo material (placenta ou útero/placenta) foi encaminhado para estudo anátomo-patológico (AP) e correlacionados com os exames de RM. Resultados: Foram estudadas 7 placentas prévias centro-totais (47%), 6 placentas corporais anteriores (40%) e 2 placentas corporais posteriores (13%). A US indicou acretismo em 80% dos casos e a RM em 60%. No entanto, a US apresentou concordância fraca com estudo anátomo-patológico pelo teste kappa (0,11), e a RM teve concordância excelente com o AP (0,86). O US apresentou sensibilidade de 75%, especificidade de 14%, valor preditivo positivo (VPP) de 50% e valor preditivo negativo (VPN) de 33%. A RM obteve sensibilidade de 100%, especificidade de 86%, VPP de 89% e VPN de 100%. Conclusão: A RM contrastada é útil na identificação do acretismo placentário, sendo os seus principais indicadores: o hipersinal transmural, a descontinuidade da parede miometrial nas seqüências rápidas e a identificação dos vasos invadindo o miométrio nas seqüências dinâmicas.
Purpose: to establish main signs of placental accretism in MRI in patients with clinical suspicion and estimate the benefit of this method. Methods: prospective study with 15 patients suspected of placental accretism, referred by the Obstetrical Department, between march 2003 and February 2006, gestational age varied from 20 to 31 weeks. All patients underwent MRI to study the placenta and had previously done an ultrasonography. Material was sent to anatomic pathology for histological study. MRI was done on Magnetom Impact and Sonata Maestro Class Siemens®, with acquired sequences HASTE, TURBO SPIN in axial, sagittal, coronal planes and echo Gradient (GE®), pre and post dynamic contrast in the best plan for acquisition. Images were analyzed by a team of two radiologists. Results: Mean gestational age was 24,3 weeks, we studied 7 placenta previa (47%), 6 posterior placentas (40%) e 2 anterior placentas (13%). Ultrasonography was positive in 80% and MRI in 60%. However, echography had a low concordance with anatomic pathological studies by Kappa test (11%), revealing a 75% sensibility, 14% specificity, 50 % positive predictive value (PPV) and a 33% negative predictive value (NPV). MRI had an excellent concordance with anatomic pathological studies (0,86), showing 100% sensibility, 86% specificity , 89% PPV and 100% NPV. Conclusions: MRI is useful for placental accretism diagnosis. Principal findings are transmural hyper signal, the loss of continuity in myometrial wall in fast sequences and the identification of vessels invading myometrial layer in dynamic sequences
Purpose: to establish main signs of placental accretism in MRI in patients with clinical suspicion and estimate the benefit of this method. Methods: prospective study with 15 patients suspected of placental accretism, referred by the Obstetrical Department, between march 2003 and February 2006, gestational age varied from 20 to 31 weeks. All patients underwent MRI to study the placenta and had previously done an ultrasonography. Material was sent to anatomic pathology for histological study. MRI was done on Magnetom Impact and Sonata Maestro Class Siemens®, with acquired sequences HASTE, TURBO SPIN in axial, sagittal, coronal planes and echo Gradient (GE®), pre and post dynamic contrast in the best plan for acquisition. Images were analyzed by a team of two radiologists. Results: Mean gestational age was 24,3 weeks, we studied 7 placenta previa (47%), 6 posterior placentas (40%) e 2 anterior placentas (13%). Ultrasonography was positive in 80% and MRI in 60%. However, echography had a low concordance with anatomic pathological studies by Kappa test (11%), revealing a 75% sensibility, 14% specificity, 50 % positive predictive value (PPV) and a 33% negative predictive value (NPV). MRI had an excellent concordance with anatomic pathological studies (0,86), showing 100% sensibility, 86% specificity , 89% PPV and 100% NPV. Conclusions: MRI is useful for placental accretism diagnosis. Principal findings are transmural hyper signal, the loss of continuity in myometrial wall in fast sequences and the identification of vessels invading myometrial layer in dynamic sequences
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Citação
FRANCISCO, Viviane Vieira. Valor da ressonância magnética no diagnostico antenatal do acretismo placentário. 2007. 48 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2007.