Aptidão física e estado nutricional dos indígenas Khisedje, Parque Indígena do Xingu
Data
2013
Autores
Tsutsui, Mario Luiz da Silva 
Orientadores
Gimeno, Suely Godoy Agostinho
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O objetivo dessa investigação foi verificar a existência de associação entre aptidão física, atividade física (AF) e o estado nutricional dos indígenas Khisêdjê que vivem no Parque indígena do Xingu, de ambos os sexos e com idade ≥ 20 anos. Para tal, em estudo transversal cuja coleta de dados se deu nos anos de 2010 e 2011, obtiveram-se informações relativas a variáveis demográficas (sexo e idade), aptidão física (capacidade cardiorrespiratória (CC), força, resistência muscular (RM) e flexibilidade), atividade física (contador de passos – pedômetro) e estado nutricional (índice de massa corpora (IMC) e perímetro de cintura (PC). Participaram do estudo 166 indígenas (87,4% do total de sujeitos elegíveis). A existência relação entre as variáveis de interesse foi avaliada pela estatística qui-quadrado (variáveis categóricas) ou pelo teste t de Student (variáveis quantitativas). Foram consideradas como estatisticamente significantes aquelas relações cujo valor de p foi < 0,05. Entre os
participantes, 40% era do sexo feminino (n=66). A média de idade foi de 38,4 anos (desvio padrão = 14,6 anos). Em relação à aptidão física, observou-se que a maior parte dos indígenas apresentou bom desempenho em praticamente todos os testes com exceção do teste de força, onde apenas 1% dos participantes apresentou desempenho bom. Entre aqueles que participaram da avaliação de AF com o pedômetro, 67,15% foram classificados como muito ativos ou plenamente ativos. A prevalência de sobrepeso ou obesidade foi de 50,0%, enquanto que a de obesidade central (OC) foi de 39,2%. Entre as variáveis indicativas do grau de aptidão física, apenas a CC associou-se significativamente ao IMC (p = 0,014), enquanto que a presença de OC associou-se com as variáveis de CC (p < 0,001), teste de flexibilidade (p=0,034), teste de RM de tronco (p=0,036) e com o número médio de passos/dia (p = 0,005). Esses resultados indicam que apesar da alta prevalência de excesso de peso e de obesidade
central observada entre os Khisêdjê, esses indivíduos possuem bons níveis de aptidão física e AF. A ausência de associação da AF e da maioria das variáveis de aptidão física com o estado nutricional explica–se, pelo menos em parte, pela rotina diária que impõe aos Khisêdjê, para sua subsistência (agricultura, caça e pesca, por exemplo), um estilo de vida ativo.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical fitness, physical activity (PA) and nutritional status of indigenous Khisêdjê who live in the Xingu Indigenous Park, of both gender and aged ≥ 20 years. To this end, cross-sectional study in which data collection took place in the years 2010 and 2011, we obtained information concerning to demographic variables (gender and age), physical fitness (cardiorespiratory capacity (CC), strength, muscular endurance (ME) and flexibility), physical activity (step counter - pedometer) and nutritional status (body mass index corpora (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The study included 166 indigenous (87.4% of eligible subjects). The existence of relationship between the variables of interest was assessed by chi-square test (categorical variables) or Student's t test (quantitative variables). Were considered statistically significant relationships those whose p value was <0.05. Among the participants, 40% were female (n = 66). The mean age was 38.4 years (standard deviation = 14.6 years). Regarding fitness, it was observed that most of the Indians performed well in almost all tests except the test of strength, where only 1% of participants showed good performance. Among those who participated in the evaluation of AF with the pedometer, 67.15% were classified as very active or fully active. The prevalence of overweight or obesity was 50.0%, while that of central obesity (CO) was 39.2%. Among the variables indicative of the degree of physical fitness, only WC was significantly associated with BMI (P = 0.014), whereas the presence of CO was associated with variables CC (p <0.001), flexibility test (p = 0.034), trunk ME test (p = 0.036) and the mean number of steps / day (p = 0.005). These results indicate that despite the high prevalence of overweight and obesity observed among Khisêdjê people these individuals have good fitness levels and AF. The lack of association between AF and most of the variables of physical fitness with nutritional status can be explained, at least in part, by the daily routine which requires Khisêdjê for their livelihoods (agriculture, hunting and fishing, for example), a active lifestyle.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical fitness, physical activity (PA) and nutritional status of indigenous Khisêdjê who live in the Xingu Indigenous Park, of both gender and aged ≥ 20 years. To this end, cross-sectional study in which data collection took place in the years 2010 and 2011, we obtained information concerning to demographic variables (gender and age), physical fitness (cardiorespiratory capacity (CC), strength, muscular endurance (ME) and flexibility), physical activity (step counter - pedometer) and nutritional status (body mass index corpora (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The study included 166 indigenous (87.4% of eligible subjects). The existence of relationship between the variables of interest was assessed by chi-square test (categorical variables) or Student's t test (quantitative variables). Were considered statistically significant relationships those whose p value was <0.05. Among the participants, 40% were female (n = 66). The mean age was 38.4 years (standard deviation = 14.6 years). Regarding fitness, it was observed that most of the Indians performed well in almost all tests except the test of strength, where only 1% of participants showed good performance. Among those who participated in the evaluation of AF with the pedometer, 67.15% were classified as very active or fully active. The prevalence of overweight or obesity was 50.0%, while that of central obesity (CO) was 39.2%. Among the variables indicative of the degree of physical fitness, only WC was significantly associated with BMI (P = 0.014), whereas the presence of CO was associated with variables CC (p <0.001), flexibility test (p = 0.034), trunk ME test (p = 0.036) and the mean number of steps / day (p = 0.005). These results indicate that despite the high prevalence of overweight and obesity observed among Khisêdjê people these individuals have good fitness levels and AF. The lack of association between AF and most of the variables of physical fitness with nutritional status can be explained, at least in part, by the daily routine which requires Khisêdjê for their livelihoods (agriculture, hunting and fishing, for example), a active lifestyle.
Descrição
Citação
TSUTSUI, Mario Luiz da Silva.. Aptidão Física atual e estado nutricional dos indígenas Khisêdjê,Parque Indígena do Xingu. 2013. 70f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Saúde Coletiva) – Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. São Paulo, 2013.