Contribuições à formação profissional do comissário de voo: um programa de desenvolvimento de competências em cuidados pré-hospitalares de agravos à saúde na aviação civil brasileira.
Arquivos
Data
2012
Autores
Urbano, Luisa Maria Cabezas [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Maia, José Antonio [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: O ambiente peculiar de aeronaves durante voos apresenta situacoes de agravos e ate ameacas graves a Saúde de passageiros e tripulacao, nos quais a atuacao do comissario de bordo pode ser decisiva. Para tal, e necessario que este esteja adequada e continuamente formado, frente as necessidades impostas por regulamentacoes legais e demandas do cotidiano. Objetivos: Este trabalho intenta, por um lado, caracterizar o profissional comissario de bordo, em particular em suas funcoes relacionadas ao cuidado da Saúde humana, tanto sob o ponto de vista da legislacao vigente quanto da demanda levantada durante quatro anos em situacoes relatadas a bordo de aeronaves de uma empresa nacional de grande porte. Pretende-se elaborar principios norteadores que aprimorem, de forma continua, o processo de formacao profissional adequado. Referencial Teorico: Sao revisadas brevemente a interacao do voo com a Saúde humana, ampliando desta forma o papel do comissario de bordo para alem de suas atribuicoes ligadas ao conforto e a seguranca dos passageiros. A seguir e revisto o verdadeiro emaranhado de documentos legais que regulam o transporte aereo civil, incluindo a formacao do comissario de bordo. Finalmente, sao apresentadas estrategias educacionais que detem o potencial de melhorar a educacao continuada destes profissionais, destacando-se a problematizacao, a educacao de adultos e a aprendizagem significativa. A valorizacao da autonomia intelectual, juntamente com o estudo continuado da demanda de atuacao do profissional contribuem para o desenvolvimento de competencias necessarias a uma pratica que, no conjunto amplo de um curriculo especificamente planejado explicite nao apenas o ensino e a aprendizagem mas a avaliacao ampla do processo e do egresso. Metodologia: A partir de uma perspectiva qualiquantitativa, foram localizados e analisados documentos regulamentadores da aviacao civil brasileira, com foco na formacao do comissario de bordo para intervencao em situacoes de ameaca a Saúde humana. Paralelamente, foram apresentados dados referentes a demanda destas intervencoes durante quatro anos ininterruptos, no ambiente de uma grande empresa de aviacao civil. Resultados: A formacao para o ingresso profissional na aviacao civil brasileira mostrou-se fragil. Por outro lado, fica a encargo das empresas a capacitacao continuada das tripulacoes. Uma parte significativa desta regulacao refere-se a realidades internacionais, sendo adaptada (ou ate mesmo repetida) em nosso pais, estando sujeita, dentre outros fatores, a aspectos politicos. Quanto aos mais de 1600 relatorios analisados referentes a situacoes de ameaca a Saúde de individuos a bordo, chamou a atencao a pouca sistematizacao das informacoes. Para isto, foi proposta a utilizacao de uma versao simplificada da Classificacao Internacional de Doencas (CID-10). Foram entao apresentados os acometimentos de maior incidencia no contexto estudado. Discussao: Os dados foram discutidos frente a relativamente escassa literatura sobre o assunto e originaram as Conclusoes: Como resultado de politicas governamentais que resultam em legislacoes nem sempre claras (ampliando assim a variabilidade das acoes de empresas), a capacitacao de comissarios de bordo para o atendimento de agravos de Saúde ocorridos a bordo ainda e demasiadamente tradicional, nao incorporando, em geral, estrategias mais contemporaneas de desenvolvimento de competencias profissionais frente a demandas, que por sua vez nao sao suficientemente conhecidas ou valorizadas. A Introdução de sistemas telecontrolados (objetivando a minimizacao de erros de procedimentos) traz em si o risco de situar o ser humano apenas como uma parte de uma maquina cujo funcionamento desconhece e, portanto, nao domina. Esta realidade confronta os verdadeiros principios da educacao profissional, que e um dos inumeros contextos de aplicacao da educacao humana
Introduction: The peculiar environment of aircrafts during flights presents situations of injuries and serious threats to the health of passengers and crew, in which the role of flight attendant can be decisive. For this it is necessary that this is appropriate and continuously trained, meet the needs imposed by legal regulations and demands of everyday life. Objectives: This research attempts, first, to characterize the professional flight attendant, particularly in their duties related to the care of human health, both from the point of view of current legislation and the demand raised for four years in situations reported aboard by aircraft of a large national company. It is intended to develop guiding principles that can improve, continuously, the process of proper training. Theoretical Framework: The interaction of flight to human health is reviewed briefly, thus expanding the role of stewards beyond its tasks related to the comfort and safety of passengers. Following is the revised real tangle of legal documents regulating civil aviation, including the formation of the attendant. Finally, we present educational strategies that hold the potential to enhance the continuing education of these professionals, highlighting problematization, adult education and significant learning. The evaluation of intellectual autonomy, along with the continued study of the demand on the professional contribute to the development of skills needed to practice in a broad set should be explicit in a curriculum specifically designed not only for teaching and learning but for the comprehensive assessment of process and egress. Methodology: From a qualitative and quantitative perspective, documents regulating Brazilian civil aviation were located and reviewed, focusing on training the flight attendant to intervene in situations of threat to human health. In addition, data about the demand of these interventions were raised for four consecutive years in a large company of civil aviation. Results: The training for the professional in Brazilian civil aviation proved fragile. On the other hand, is the burden of the companies ongoing training of crews. A significant part of this regulation refers to international realities, adapted (or even repeated) in our country, subject, among other factors, to political aspects. As for the more than 1600 reports analyzed referring to situations of threat to the health of individuals aboard, attention was drew to the poor systematization of information. For this, it was proposed to use a simplified version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). This procedure then shown the highest incidence of bouts in the context studied. Discussion: The data were discussed in light of the relatively sparse literature on the subject and led to Conclusions: As a result of government policies that result in laws are not always clear (thus increasing the variability of company policies), the training of flight attendants to health care for injuries ocurred on board is still too traditional, not incorporating, in general, more contemporary strategies for developing skills in front of professional demands, which in turn are not sufficiently known or valued. The introduction of telecontroled systems (aiming error minimization procedures) bears the risk of placing the human being only as a part of a machine whose operation is unknown and therefore not dominated. This reality confronts the true principles of professional education, which is one of the many application contexts of human education.
Introduction: The peculiar environment of aircrafts during flights presents situations of injuries and serious threats to the health of passengers and crew, in which the role of flight attendant can be decisive. For this it is necessary that this is appropriate and continuously trained, meet the needs imposed by legal regulations and demands of everyday life. Objectives: This research attempts, first, to characterize the professional flight attendant, particularly in their duties related to the care of human health, both from the point of view of current legislation and the demand raised for four years in situations reported aboard by aircraft of a large national company. It is intended to develop guiding principles that can improve, continuously, the process of proper training. Theoretical Framework: The interaction of flight to human health is reviewed briefly, thus expanding the role of stewards beyond its tasks related to the comfort and safety of passengers. Following is the revised real tangle of legal documents regulating civil aviation, including the formation of the attendant. Finally, we present educational strategies that hold the potential to enhance the continuing education of these professionals, highlighting problematization, adult education and significant learning. The evaluation of intellectual autonomy, along with the continued study of the demand on the professional contribute to the development of skills needed to practice in a broad set should be explicit in a curriculum specifically designed not only for teaching and learning but for the comprehensive assessment of process and egress. Methodology: From a qualitative and quantitative perspective, documents regulating Brazilian civil aviation were located and reviewed, focusing on training the flight attendant to intervene in situations of threat to human health. In addition, data about the demand of these interventions were raised for four consecutive years in a large company of civil aviation. Results: The training for the professional in Brazilian civil aviation proved fragile. On the other hand, is the burden of the companies ongoing training of crews. A significant part of this regulation refers to international realities, adapted (or even repeated) in our country, subject, among other factors, to political aspects. As for the more than 1600 reports analyzed referring to situations of threat to the health of individuals aboard, attention was drew to the poor systematization of information. For this, it was proposed to use a simplified version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). This procedure then shown the highest incidence of bouts in the context studied. Discussion: The data were discussed in light of the relatively sparse literature on the subject and led to Conclusions: As a result of government policies that result in laws are not always clear (thus increasing the variability of company policies), the training of flight attendants to health care for injuries ocurred on board is still too traditional, not incorporating, in general, more contemporary strategies for developing skills in front of professional demands, which in turn are not sufficiently known or valued. The introduction of telecontroled systems (aiming error minimization procedures) bears the risk of placing the human being only as a part of a machine whose operation is unknown and therefore not dominated. This reality confronts the true principles of professional education, which is one of the many application contexts of human education.
Descrição
Citação
URBANO, Luisa Maria Cabezas. Contribuições à formação profissional do comissário de voo: um programa de desenvolvimento de competências em cuidados pré-hospitalares de agravos à saúde na aviação civil brasileira. 2012. 163 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Ensino em Ciências da Saúde) - Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. São Paulo, 2012.