PPG - Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde

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Abordagem dietética da alergia ao leite de vaca em crianças na perspectiva e nos estágios de mudança de comportamento de seus cuidadores
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-05-28) Ullmann, Gabriela Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; Speridião, Patrícia da Graça Leite [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
To know and understand the practices of the dietary approach from the perspective of children caregivers with ALV and to verify if the stages of behavior change of these caregivers correspond to their practices. Method: it´s a qualitative and quantitative, observational and cross-sectional study involving 30 children caregivers with CMA between 0 to 24 months old, attended in a specialized outpatient clinic, from July 2018 to May 2019. The data collection was performed by using a structured form with sociodemographic aspects, social classification, interview based on 4 guiding questions and an algorithm for classifying the stages of behavior change according to the transtheoretical model. Results: the caregivers are mostly (26/30) women, aged between 20 to 48 years old and belong to social classes C, D and E. Children with CMA are mostly women, do not attend school and live in a two-parent family model and the caregiver is the mother herself. More than half of the number of caregivers (18/30) reported seeking additional information about the treatment of CMA from other sources, for example, the internet (15/18). Of these, (11/18) consider the internet to be a very reliable source. Regarding the orientation of reading labels, (19/30) answered yes and the rest (11/30) replied that they had never received this information. The caregivers (22/30) reported not having adequate financial condaition to meet the demand for dietary management of CMA and 56,6% (17/30) feel distressed about it. According to the transtheoretical model, 80% of caregivers (24/30) are in the action stage in relation to behavior change. Conclusions: the practices related to the dietary approach in CMA by children caregivers are influenced by many feelings and emotions that can cause noise in the communication with the team professionals. The stage of behavior change in which the caregivers are found corresponds to the practices. The stage of behavior change in which the caregivers are found corresponds to the practices.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adesão ao Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: fatores associados e a qualidade nutricional das refeições
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-07-30) Benvindo, Joyce Larissa da Silva [UNIFESP]; Bandoni, Daniel Henrique [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6104429791974852; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6213605417760642; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction: The National School Feeding Program (PNAE) is considered one of the largest social policies in Brazil, through the provision of meals to all students in basic education, enrolled in the public school system. In spite of such relevance, few studies explore the topics that involve PNAE, being a field of interest the students' adherence to the program, as well as the quality of the menus. Objective: To evaluate the adherence of the studies to the PNAE and its intervening factors, as well as to analyze the nutritional quality of the menus. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out in 16 municipalities in the State of São Paulo, with elementary school students II (6 th to 9 th) in a partial period. A semi-structured and self-administered questionnaire was used with 25 questions and the weekly menus were collected from the nutritionists at each site. It was considered adherence to PNAE consumption of three or more days in the school feeding week. The menus offered one or two meals a day for the students, being subdivided into "Menu I", defined as the main meal during the period of study; and "Menu II", as the second meal, food served to the students as a complement. For the qualitative analysis of the menus, the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population and the Quality Indicator of the School Meals Menu (IQCAE) were used as reference. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, and the chi-square test, Regression model and Student's t test were used for inferential analysis to associate variables of interest with students' adherence to the program. Results: The study population consisted mostly of students between 11 and 14 years old (90%), boys (52%), enrolled in 17 schools. There was high acceptance (85.1%) and low adherence to PNAE (47.5%). The presence of canteens and external food sellers and the habit of buying food in these trades; take home snacks; the period of study (evening); and noisy spaces for consumption of PNAE meals decreased adherence to the program. Of the 16 menus analyzed, half provided two meals and only one was not prepared by a nutritionist. The Menu I mainly offered lunch, showed good nutritional quality (3.29 points) and often offered vegetables and foods in natura or minimally processed in most of the municipalities. Menu II only had snacks, low quality (1.11 points) and daily supply of processed and ultraprocessed items. It was observed the presence of prohibited items in the menus and low supply of fruits, with 48.6% of the municipalities providing none or only 1 portion of fruit in the week. There was no association between the nutritional quality of the menus and adherence of the students to the program (p> 0.01). On the other hand, meals considered "bad" and "repetitive" by schoolchildren were associated with non-adherence, and high acceptance showed a positive association with adherence. Conclusion: Students' adherence to PNAE is negatively influenced by the presence of canteens and external food sellers, and by the distribution conditions and the space for eating meals. Although the quality of the menu does not affect the adherence to the PNAE, it’s necessary to increase the supply of fruits in the menus and mainly to improve the quality of the Menu II, which had a high supply of ultraprocessed products.
Somente Metadadados
Adiponectina: papel no processo inflamatório e na Esteatose Hepática Não-Alcóolica (EHNA) em adolescentes com obesidade, submetidos à terapia interdisciplinar
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2018-12-17) Ferreira, Sofia Emanuelle de Castro [UNIFESP]; Dâmaso, Ana Raimunda [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Obesity Worldwide Represents A Public Health Problem, Compromising Life Expectancy In Children And Adolescents, Has Been Associated With Mortality And, Specifically, A Higher Risk Of Developing Diabetes And Cardiovascular Diseases, Non-Alcoholic Fat Liver Disease (Nafld), Among Other Diseases, Compromising The Quality Of Life Of These Young People. Adiponectin Is A Hormone Secreted By Adipose Tissue And Plays An Important Role In The Pathogenesis Of Obesity And Nafld Due To Its Anti-Inflammatory Properties. This Adipokine Correlates Negatively With Body Fat Percentage, Central Fat Distribution, Fasting Plasma Insulin, Oral Glucose Tolerance, And Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated With Obesity, Including Systolic And Diastolic Blood Pressure And Altered Lipid Profile. Artigo 1: Investigate The Association Of Adiponectin Concentration With Metabolic And Inflammatory Profiles Of Adolescents With Obesity And Diagnosis Of Nafld, Submitted To 1-Year Interdisciplinary Therapy. Forty-Eight Adolescents With Obesit
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alimentação e nutrição no projeto mais médicos para o Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-08-26) Soares, Amanda Massi [UNIFESP]; Furtado, Juarez Pereira [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6869345414404363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9698610793091233; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
This dissertation is composed of theoretical reflection on the social space of the "field of food and culture" in Brazil articulated at empirical research conducted within this same social space. Starting from theoretical foundations of Pierre Bourdieu, on habitus and field, we investigated the influence of cultural formation of Cuban doctors on nutritional counseling in the Brazilian context of the Programa Mais Médicos. A case study was carried out with triangulation through ethnography, focus groups and interviews with users, we concluded that, to care, socio-cultural factors of feeding process play a secondary role when compared to the biomedical paradigm, reducing possible influences of the Cuban habitus. The research carried out within the Program More Doctors, led us to investigate the social space of Food and Culture in Brazil. Through literature review and consideration of the trajectory of the authors, this space was characterized and analyzed, highlighting their potentialities and limitations. The use of Bourdieusian reference contributed to the research of social phenomenon on interdisciplinary perspective.
Somente Metadadados
Alimentos à base de cereais utilizados na alimentação infantil: estudo da composição nutricional e da rotulagem confrontada com a legislação vigente
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-06-13) Silva, Thais Santos da [UNIFESP]; Speridião, Patrícia da Graça Leite [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction: infant cereals are one of the first foods introduced into children's food because of their high energy value, sensory acceptability and easy digestibility. Food surveys suggest that early childhood feeding is predominantly dairy, plus farinaceous and sugar. Excessive consumption of this preparation, in addition to the early introduction of these foods, may be associated with micronutrient deficiencies, allergic reactions, problems related to development and growth and overweight. In addition, the use of the label and the packaging as a vehicle of publicity and advertisement, do not always present legal compliance, fact already evidenced in some studies. Objective: to evaluate the nutritional composition and labeling of cereal-based foods intended for infant feeding, in comparison with current legislation. Materials and methods: this is a cross-sectional, analytical and descriptive study with a bromatological evaluation of cereal-based foods according to AOAC (1997) technical standards, as well as assessing the adequacy of labeling and nutrition information in relation to legislation brazilian. Results: 72 samples of cereal-based foods used in infant feeding were evaluated. All the samples presented some non-compliance with the legislation, among them: the presence of false concept of advantage and safety; illustrations not allowed, no compulsory warnings and no presentation of the minimum age for consumption of the product. It was also observed that there is a statistically significant difference between the values of macronutrients obtained experimentally in the laboratory, when compared to those declared in the labels. Conclusion: even under the specific legislation, legal non-conformities were found in the labeling of cereal-based foods intended for infant feeding. In addition, these foods present different nutritional composition from the information presented on their labels.
Somente Metadadados
Alimentos industrializados consumidos por crianças com alergia alimentar: um estudo da adequação da rotulagem em relação à legislação vigente
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-03-29) Pinto, Larissa Perroni Bustamante [UNIFESP]; Speridião, Patrícia da Graça Leite [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction: The feeding of children with food allergies requires constant vigilance, mainly safety of the food they eat, given the clinical and nutritional consequences that may affect its growth and development, as well as to bring them to death, in the most extreme cases. Objective: check if labeling of processed food consumed by children ranging from six months to three years of age is in compliance with RDC no 26/2015. Thus, the present study intends to show if Board of Directors Resolution nº 26/2015 is being obeyed integrally. Material and Methods: this is a observational and quantitative study, which analyzed a sample of processed food, routinely consumed by children ranging from six months to three years of age, that was divided into four categories. It was used a checklist type of form was used to classify the food as proper or improper. Results: out of 67 processed products included in the study, 7 (10,4 %) presented some kind of labeling noncompliance with Board of Directors Resolution no 26/2015. Out of 4 categories (dairy, cereals, mush and mucilage and beverages) of processed food analyzed, 2 (cereals and beverages) had proper labels fully complied with the current legislation concerning allergic individuals. Category 1 (dairy) presented 95,4% of proper labels, while category of mush and mucilage presented the lowest rate of labeling adequacy because of both lack of warnings and essential requirements. The statistic analyze showed significant difference for categories of dairy, cereals and beverages (p = 0,000,0,000 e 0,008, respectively. Conclusion: among the processed and commercialized food to be consumed by young children in Brazil, dairy, mush and mucilage still present labeling incompatible with the current legislation enacted to protect allergic individuals. This poses risks to the right of food and nutrition security of such a vulnerable group subjected to food allergies, in addition to preventing them from enjoying their right to have a proper diet.
Somente Metadadados
Análise da atenção nutricional ao idoso na atenção primária à saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2017-09-28) Melo, Carolina Lou de [UNIFESP]; Medeiros, Maria Angélica Tavares de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Nutritional Care (NC) to the elderly is an important element for comprehensive health care in Primary Health Care (PHC), for its potential to act on the morbidity and mortality profile of the elderly population and to promote healthy aging. The objective of this research was to characterize and to analyze NC for the elderly in the PHC in Santos-SP; to verify if NC is considered in health care planning and to identify if the strategies and instruments used at this level correspond to the specificities of the target public. This is a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative-qualitative approach, composed of two stages and originated from a PHC census research in Santos. For the first stage (characterization), the census data of the PHC services (n = 28) of the insular area of Santos, related to the NC for the elderly, were obtained from a structured interview with service managers. For the second (analysis), semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine health professionals, key informants of the subject matter. The selection of these was based on the criterion of saturation point. The data from step one were analyzed from frequentist statistics; those of stage two submitted to content analysis and the interpretations were based on the theoretical framework of comprehensive health care and socioanthropology of aging. The NC for the elderly, in PHC, was characterized as being fragmented and oriented under the biomedical care model. Aging was associated with the disease and the elderly was not recognized as an autonomous subject. Thus, the way the NC is organized is distant from the precepts of the comprehensive health care, weakening the role of PHC in the coordination of care.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da inserção da agricultura familiar no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar em municípios do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-07-05) Arena, Tayna Miranda [UNIFESP]; Bandoni, Daniel Henrique [UNIFESP]; Amorim, Ana Laura Benevenuto de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8211125895881074; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6104429791974852; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8017595112343955; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introdução: A valorização da agricultura familiar é fundamental para desenvolvimento de um sistema alimentar saudável. No Brasil, a integração da agricultura familiar (AF) no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE), aconteceu pela Lei nº 11.947 de 2009, que exige que, no mínimo 30%, dos recursos federais sejam destinados para a aquisição de alimento da AF Porém, mesmo após 10 anos da lei parte dos municípios brasileiros não consegue alcançar a porcentagem mínima. Assim, é importante compreender a partir dos atores envolvidos: nutricionistas, entidades executoras e agricultores familiares a dificuldades na aquisição de alimentos da AF para o PNAE. Objetivo: Analisar a inserção da agricultura familiar no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar em municípios no estado de São Paulo a partir da visão dos agricultores, gestores e nutricionistas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, que utiliza métodos mistos, realizado em duas etapas. Inicialmente foram realizadas oficinas presenciais em três cidades do estado de São Paulo, onde foram convidados agricultores, gestores e nutricionistas da alimentação escolar da região. Nas oficinas foram construídos mapas cognitivos com termos centrais da discussão e que serviram de base para grupo focal. A segunda etapa foi enviada questionário online para os gestores da alimentação escolar de todos os municípios do estado de São Paulo, com questões referentes a aquisição de alimentos da AF. A análise das oficinas se deu através da análise de conteúdo temática com abordagem qualitativa e a dos questionários se deu pela análise descritiva dos dados. Resultados: As principais dificuldades encontradas para aquisição de alimentos da AF para o PNAE são: falta de comunicação entre os setores envolvidos na compra e a falta de assistência técnica para os produtores. A logística e qualidade dos alimentos foram apontados como positiva e e negativa para os atores, relatando que a proximidade da agricultura familiar com as escolas reduz o deslocamento, porém a falta de comunicação e melhores condições de transporte são intervenientes. Os produtores ainda relataram passar por dificuldade na produção por implicações climáticas, demonstrando que nem sempre a chamada considera a sazonalidade e/ou substituição dos gêneros alimentícios. No questionário , menos da metade dos municípios (40,93%), declarou ter acesso ao mapeamento de produção local, portanto a falta de conhecimento pode estar afetando a oferta de uma maior variedade Conclusão: o estudo trouxe atenção aos diferentes desafios para o bom desenvolvimento da política nas diferentes regiões, mesmo dentro do mesmo estado, partindo do pressuposto que seria importante analisar não só as dificuldades gerais, mas também as regionais, trazendo equidade para resolução dessas dificuldades.
Somente Metadadados
Análise Das Ações De Educação Alimentar E Nutricional Em Municípios Do Brasil No Ano De 2010
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-06-07) Ottoni, Isabela Cicaroni [UNIFESP]; Bandoni, Daniel Henrique [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
The Brazilian School Nutrition Program (PNAE) is considered one of the largest and most comprehensive school feeding programs in the world, with one of the guidelines being the inclusion of Food and Nutrition Education as a decisive component in promoting quality of life. However, there are few theoretical- methodological references that support these practices. Thus, the objective of this work was to analyze the implementation of Food and Nutrition Education actions in Brazilian municipalities. It was used the secondary data obtained from the School Feeding Efficient Manager Award database, formulated from the voluntary enrollment of 786 municipalities throughout Brazil in the year of 2010. The variables of the study were: the execution of Food and Nutrition Education actions, pedagogical gardens and culinary workshops execution, according to the great regions of Brazil, verifying if there was association of attendance to PNAE (number of students attended), financial resources and use of family agriculture in the execution of actions. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's Chi-square test and the Student's T-test for independent samples at a significance level of 5%. The qualitative analysis was done using the Content Analysis method. Among the enrollees (n = 786), 61.2% (n = 466) had EAN in their school curriculum, 44.8% (n = 348) of the municipalities use Family Agriculture food, 71.1% ( N = 322) carried out Pedagogical Gardens and 32% (n = 243) held Culinary Workshops. There was no statistical difference regarding the performance of Food and Nutrition Education according to the major regions. EAN actions are present in most municipalities enrolled in the award, but with a predominance of passive methods and punctual actions, as well as the appreciation of nutrition (nutrients and functions), to the detriment of food and local food culture. The implementation of active methodologies with an integral approach to food should be stimulated.
Somente Metadadados
A análise de risco nas regulações envolvidas na importação de alimentos: estudo integrado da regulação sanitária, do setor regulado e dos fiscais federais
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-07-11) Barros, Simone Crispim Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Stedefeldt, Elke [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
The area of international food trade in Brazil presents itself in a complex international and national context with diverse actors and antagonistic interests, from the perspective of protection and security of the population and bureaucracy for free trade. Given this, the study aimed to verify if the process of food importation in Brazil, from the perspective of the practice of federal sanitary surveillance, includes the items described in the Risk Analysis, according to Codex Alimentarius. The study covers the qualitative and quantitative research of cross-sectional, descriptive and exploratory design, and is guided by the theme: Legislation of food imports under the scope of the National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa). A priori, documentary research was used to describe the evolution and knowledge of the national and international scenario in which food imports are inserted. Afterwards, a case study based on content analysis followed, in which the categorical grouping is guided by Bardin (2016). To understand the procedures described by Bardin, Bauer and Gaskell (2002) were used as theoretical reference. The quantitative approach was performed through the relative and absolute frequency of the findings, to explore and discuss the articulations and changes related to Anvisa regarding the introduction of the Foreign Trade Facilitation Agreement and its convergence with the Risk Analysis, according to Codex Alimentarius. The conclusion was to clarify the understanding of the concept of risk, danger by the companies involved in the food import process and risk, danger and health risk by Anvisa federal inspectors based in the Santos port complex. The results demonstrated the evolution in the food import regulatory framework, influenced by the impositions of the World Trade Organization and its Agreements, providing regulatory tools convergent with the international determinations. On the other hand, these changes have gaps in stages related to Risk Assessment and Risk Communication, which are pointed out by those responsible for operating these laws in Brazil - Anvisa federal inspectors - and confirmed by the workers of the companies involved in the importation of food, both in conducting the consent of these foods, as well as their perceptions of danger, risk and health risk.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do consumo de carne em um município do interior do Estado de São Paulo: estudo de base populacional, 2008 e 2014
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-06-22) Santos, Samara Agda dos [UNIFESP]; Domene, Semíramis Martins Álvares [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7373562130327980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3588994646899057; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
No Brasil, o consumo de carnes é comum em todas as regiões do País, sendo a carne bovina a mais consumida. A promoção da alimentação adequada quanto às dimensões nutricionais e ambientais pressupõe o monitoramento da ingestão de alimentos de origem animal de forma a evitar consumo excessivo, a despeito de seu valor simbólico e nutricional. O consumo alimentar é influenciado por diversos fatores, como sexo, faixa etária, situação do domicílio, região do país, renda e raça, incidentes também sobre o consumo de carnes. Determinantes sociais com reflexos sobre as prevalências de pobreza e da insegurança alimentar, ao lado de diretrizes recentes para diminuição global no consumo alimentar de carne, ampliam o interesse em estudos sobre o consumo de carnes. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o consumo de carne na população residente no município de Campinas nos anos 2008-2009 e 2014-2015, segundo variáveis demográficas. Trata-se de investigação de caráter transversal a partir de dados secundários de estudos de base populacional, que adotou amostra probabilística com participantes de 10 anos de idade ou mais, conduzidos nos anos de 2008/2009 e 2014/2015, em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. Os valores de consumo de carnes foram analisadas segundo variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas. A mediana de consumo total de carne por dia, entre consumidores de carne, foi de 156,1g em 2008/2009 e de 153,1g em 2014/2015, sendo menor o consumo entre mulheres e adolescentes (p<0,05) em ambos os períodos avaliados. Menor consumo de carne total, carne vermelha, carne bovina e carne de pescados foi observado entre indivíduos de raça/cor da pele autorreferida como preta (p<0,05) em 2008-2009, mas não em 2014/2015. Indivíduos de raça/cor da pele autorreferida como parda consumiram menos carne suína em 2014-2015 (p<0,05). Maior consumo de carne vermelha foi observado entre indivíduos de raça/cor da pele autorreferida como amarela, indígena ou outra, quando comparado aos indivíduos de raça/cor da pele autorreferida como branca, em 2008-2009 (p<0,05). Entre idosos, se observou maior consumo de carne total, e de carne de aves e de pescados em 2008-2009; em 2014-2015, apenas o consumo de aves foi maior neste grupo (p<0,05). Conclusão: o consumo total de carne, é elevado em todos os grupos, e nos dois inquéritos. Houve associação entre a variável raça/cor e consumo de carne. Além de compreender os fatores que influenciam o consumo de carnes segundo o tipo e variáveis sociodemográficas, é relevante conhecer estas associações para a adoção de ações em saúde com foco no consumo adequado de alimentos, bem como orientar políticas de distribuição e de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do Estresse Oxidativo em indivíduos vegetarianos em comparação aos onívoros: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-11-26) Bueno, Thiago [UNIFESP]; Mendes-da-Silva, Cristiano [UNIFESP]; Lambertucci, Rafael Herling [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5826005580515987; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7868915353525184; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0327330181880721; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Considerado em tempos remotos como um possível hábito danoso à saúde humana, a dieta vegetariana se firmou ao longo da história como uma importante via de qualidade de vida e saúde em termos de prevenção e tratamento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Inicialmente associada a características essencialmente espirituais nos adeptos dessa prática alimentar, houve expansão do vegetarianismo em indivíduos interessados no caráter ético dessa dieta assim como a constatação dos possíveis efeitos positivos na saúde humana. As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis possuem como base fundamental o processo inflamatório crônico de baixo grau que é correlacionado ao estresse oxidativo. Um dos principais influenciadores do estresse oxidativo é a dieta seguida pelos indivíduos. O objetivo principal dessa revisão sistemática foi avaliar o grau do estresse oxidativo em indivíduos vegetarianos em comparação aos onívoros, assim como potenciais benefícios do vegetarianismo em outros parâmetros antropométricos e metabólicos. Foi realizada revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases de dados Embase, Web of science e Pubmed, na qual após a aplicação da metodologia PICO e eliminação de duplicatas, foram selecionados seis estudos que entraram na análise qualitativa para fundamentação dessa revisão. Após a análise pormenorizada desses artigos, podemos inferir que a dieta vegetariana apresenta benefícios em comparação à dieta onívora em termos de estresse oxidativo, antropométrico e metabólico.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise dos efeitos da ingestão da polpa de juçara (euterpe edulis mart) sobre a atividade física espontânea e homeostase energética de camundongos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-08-23) Barthichoto, Marcela [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Camila Aparecida Machado de [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3983527783636073; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4886067148875464; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8932541336027973; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction: Obesity is considered a major public health issue, associated with metabolic, inflammatory and hemodynamic abnormalities. On the other hand, the consumption of proper amounts of fruit and vegetables with antioxidant properties lowers the risk for developing non-communicable chronic diseases. The fruit of juçara palm is rich in flavonoids, specifically anthocyanins, compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which has also been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce weight gain. Objective: Characterize the effect of juçara intake (Euterpe edulis Mart.) on energy homeostasis, spontaneous physical activity and glucose homeostasis in mice fed with high-fat diet. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were divided into 4 groups, according to the diet they received during 16 weeks: control diet (C), control diet supplemented with 0,5% juçara (CJ), high-fat diet (H) (34% fat) and high-fat diet supplemented with 0,5% juçara (HJ). Food intake, energy expenditure, feed efficiency, metabolic efficiency, spontaneous physical activity, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (glucose and insulin tolerance test, respectively), brown adipose tissue UCP-1 protein expression and histopathologic analysis of the liver were analyzed. Results: Weight gain was higher in groups fed with high-fat diet (H and HJ > C and CJ). Supplementation with juçara increased weight gain in the control group (CJ> C), but decreased in high-fat group (HJ< H). Caloric intake (kcal/day) was higher in high-fat groups (H and HJ > C and CJ) and lower in juçara groups (CJ< C; HJ < H) in the first week. However, at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days, the intake was higher in the CJ compared to the C group, with no difference between H and HJ. Metabolic efficiency was lower and feed efficiency was higher in high-fat groups (H and HJ < C and CJ). Also, feed efficiency was higher in H than HJ, with no difference between C and CJ. Juçara increased energy expenditure in the high-fat group (HJ > H), but no differences were found in brown adipose tissue UCP-1 protein expression between H and HJ. There was no change in locomotor activity. High-fat diet decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (H and HJ < C and CJ), but juçara improved sensitivity to this hormone (HJ > H). Juçara supplementation also reduced hepatic steatosis caused by high-fat diet (HJ < H). Conclusion: In mice fed high-fat diet, supplementation with juçara had important benefits: reduced weight gain, increased energy expenditure, improved insulin sensitivity and reduced hepatic steatosis. Spontaneous physical activity was not affected by high-fat diet or by juçara. In contrast, for mice fed with control diet, the juçara pulp resulted in greater weight gain, due to increased caloric intake.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atenção nutricional ao excesso de peso sob a ótica da integralidade: diagnóstico e avaliação da atenção básica e de média complexidade em município do sudeste brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-03-22) Neves, Jose Anael [UNIFESP]; Medeiros, Maria Angélica Tavares de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Background: Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the major public health problem in the world and overweight is one of its main causes and a modifiable risk factor. Prevention and control of this problem are part of health promotion agenda in several countries, including Brazil, where more than half of the adult population is overweight. Objective: To analyze nutritional care provided to adults with overweight in Primary and Secondary Health Care in Brazilian Southeastern, from the perspective of integrality. Methods: It was carried out a census study which identified and assessed the actions of nutritional care to adults with overweight, from the perspective of health comprehensiveness, through semi-structured interviews with managers and/or professionals of all services Primary and Secondary Health Care in Santos muncipality, São Paulo, Brazil. Results: It was found that actions are limited to individual clinical care, to the detriment of health promotion and protection actions; low insertion of dietitians professionals; disjointed practices from territorial contexts of services; limited dialogue between different levels of health care and lack of intersectoral action. Final Considerations: There are several limiting factors for nutritional care to adult with overweight in both health care levels investigated, configured as important obstacles to the achievement of health integrality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da ingestão de macro e micronutrientes em indivíduos praticantes de treinamento de força
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-11-25) Parmegiani, Ana Claudia [UNIFESP]; Silva, Ana Claudia Parmegiani; Gonçalves, Daniela Caetano [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5735514073305152; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9772222715694937; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
O fisiculturismo é uma modalidade esportiva a qual a performance depende de volume, definição e simetria da massa muscular esquelética, os atletas após meses de treinamento e preparação sobem em um palco e tem seus físicos julgados de acordo com as categorias objetivadas. O treinamento de força aliado com uma dieta adequada são cruciais nesse esporte. Muitas informações sobre alimentação saudável estão facilmente disponíveis nos veículos de comunicação fazendo com que se perpetuem informações que não condizem com a literatura, como a grande importância que é dada a ingestão de proteínas. A adesão a essas condutas tem como consequência a prática de hábitos alimentares escassas de importantes nutrientes que, a longo prazo afetam a performance e a saúde dos indivíduos. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a ingestão de macronutrientes e micronutrientes em homens jovens praticantes de treinamento de força. Dados de recordatórios alimentares e registros alimentares de 59 homens foram analisados do banco de dados do laboratório da Profa. Dra. Daniela Caetano, macro e micronutrientes foram quantificados. Peso foi aferido por uma balança digital e altura por um estadiômetro vertical. No software Multiple Source Method a variabilidade interpessoal foi removida e, os ajustes de energia por uma regressão linear no Excel. Fez-se também a plausibilidade de relato com a necessidade energética estimada. Para as adequações foram usadas as recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Esportiva e Dietary Reference Intake. Foram encontrados valores de ingestão abaixo das recomendações para praticantes de atividade física para energia, carboidratos, ácidos graxos mono e poliinssaturados, fibra alimentar, folato, cálcio, vitamina A, ácido pantotenico, piridoxina, cobalamina, vitaminas K e E. Os nutrientes com valores de ingestão adequado as recomendações foram gorduras totais, tiamina e riboflavina, enquanto proteína, ferro, zinco, niacina, vitamina C e vitamina D foram consumidos acima das recomendações. Observou-se que 91,53% da amostra teve sub-relato. Os resultados mostram que, praticantes de treinamento de força tem hábitos alimentares insuficientes, sobretudo em carboidratos e vitaminas devido ao consumo exacerbado de proteínas, o que pode acarretar em comprometimento da performance.
Somente Metadadados
Avaliação Da Rede Social De Adolescentes Com Excesso De Peso E Sua Relação Com O Desempenho Durante O Tratamento No Centro De Recuperação E Educação Nutricional - Cren
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-06-28) Feres, Vivian Fortuna [UNIFESP]; Sawaya, Ana Lydia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Objective: To Use A Social Network Approach To Promote Food And Nutritional Security Of Overweight Children. Methods: The Present Study Follows A Methodology Of Qualitative Approach And Describes The Design And The Intervention In The Social Network Of Four Children, Two Females And Two Males, With The Construction Of The Detailed And Complete Social Network Map, Representing All The Relationship Content That Makes Up The Child's Network. These Children Participated In A Larger Project With The Objective Of Evaluating The Effectiveness Of The Multidisciplinary Intervention For Overweight Children In Two Public Schools In São Paulo For Sixteen Months. Results: The Design Of The Social Network Map Carried Out With The Children Made It Possible To Identify The Places And Relationships Where Their Feeding Took Place And Its Profile. In Addition, It Assisted The Reflection Of The Child On His Responsibility And Protagonism In Relation To His Health. In Addition, It Helped The Children And Family Members Reflect On
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de um programa de alimentação saudável nas famílias atendidas pela Pastoral da Criança: estudo de intervenção no município de Limeira, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-04-25) Gaiga, Camilla Azevedo Joas [UNIFESP]; Bandoni, Daniel Henrique [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
This is a intervention study, whose objective is to evaluate the healthy diet program on the families served by the pastoral da criança, in the city of Limeira, São Paulo. The sample was selected for convenience from invitation to community leaders and families assisted by pastoral da criança. Initially, training was given to the leaders who volunteered to carry out the intervention in their communities, transmitting guidelines on healthy eating for the families served. The training was developed in educational research-action configuration, whose purpose was to understand the lived reality and to clarify the best way to work in the context of a community, thus it was instigated to be made by the leaders a strategic analysis of the community and to identify the expectations of the families served by the pastoral, so as to make a diagnosis of the current situation of the community, and thus identify the most appropriate tools to carry out the intervention and elaborate a schedule of activities appropriate to each reality. The evaluation of the training given to the leaders was analyzed with quantitative and qualitative methods. After the training, the leaders had a period of 10 months to carry out the intervention with the families. The evaluation of the intervention in the community was analyzed through a food frequency questionnaire, which evaluated the change in consumption and in the eating habits of the families. The results of the training evaluation showed that the strategies used enabled the leaders to develop activities in their community. The results regarding the change in the dietary habits of the families, although not statistically relevant due to the reduction of the sample, show a slight improvement in the habits of the families. It is concluded that the strategic design of leadership training was effective and can be used as a method of efficient training in guiding and encouraging the promotion of healthy eating habits. More studies are needed to verify if the method is really relevant in order to transform eating habits of the target population of the action.
Somente Metadadados
Avaliação do impacto de estratégias de marketing social utilizadas em uma intervenção no ambiente alimentar, sobre a aquisição de alimentos saudáveis em pequenos comércios
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-07-28) Lopes, Renata Fagundes [UNIFESP]; Martins, Paula Andrea [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1364300323959453; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction: The high consumption of low nutritional quality foods is a current overview, encompassing social, individual, economic and cultural. Nutritional intervention in the environment to improve the availability of healthy food in urban areas has been identified as a promising and sustainable strategy. Objective: To evaluate the impact of social marketing strategies used in an intervention program in trades of food to promote healthy eating in a population of low socioeconomic status who lives in the urban area of Santos. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental prospective study to compare data before and after the intervention of two groups of trades food, intervention group (n=5) and control (n=4). The adaptation of the methodology used in intervention studies in small trades of food in low socioeconomic areas was conducted, applied by research group at Johns Hopkins University (USA), with the use of social marketing between action strategies. In each trade was assessed through interviews, socioeconomic characteristics and the household food purchases profiling 227 consumers in the intervention group and 153 consumers in the control group, resulting in a sample of 380 consumers. The changes in the procurement of food profile was evaluated by calculating the differences between the pre- and post-intervention and the comparison of the difference between the intervention and control groups. The effect of exposure to social marketing actions in changes in food acquisition score, comparing the group (intervention and control), adjusted for different variables that measured exposure (scores combining range offered dose and dose received and the variables frequency of exposure to shares obtained from the process evaluation and IEQ), and demographic variables. All analyzes used Statistical Package for Social Sciences ® (SPSS), with the significance level of 0.05. Results: The intervention was performed with high fidelity, children were exposed, adults and seniors. There was much interest in the intervention, revenue and promoted food. It was noted a small increase in the consumption of healthier foods with the most exposed the actions of social marketing. Conclusion: Although the increased consumption of healthy foods has occurred, one can not say that is because the actions of the intervention.
Somente Metadadados
Avaliação Do Inibidor De Peroxirredoxina 1 E Derivados De Quercetina Sobre As Atividades Farmacológicas Induzidas Pela Spla2 De Bothrops Jararacussu
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-10-17) Belchor, Mariana Novo [UNIFESP]; Toyama, Marcos Hikari [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
The present work evaluated the relationship between the structure and function of four quercetins (3-O-Methylquercetin, Rhamnetin, Rhamnazin and Quercetin) in relation to the inhibitory activity of sPLA2 from Bothrops jararacussu. Among the flavonoids evaluated, Rhamnetin revealed inhibitory activity in vitro, in vivo, in addition to inhibiting creatine kinase (CK) and not showing cytotoxicity against J774 macrophages. The presence of methylation at the C-7 position of ring A seems to be essential for cell protection activity. In addition, the molecule has all the essential characteristics to maintenance of anti-inflammatory activity, such as the presence of catechol group, the double bond in ring C (C-2 and C-3), and the presence of hydroxyl in C-3 of the C-ring. In order to correlate inflammatory process with oxidative stress, as well as the relevance of peroxiredoxins in this process, Adenantin inhibitor was administered 60 minutes prior to application of sPLA2. Results showed that the inhibition of Prx 1 and 2 extended edematogenic process, besides leads an increase in serum CK levels, which shows an increase in muscle damage. Thus, knowing the correlation between inflammation and oxidative stress, this study reveals the importance of new anti- inflammatory compounds’ discovery as new therapeutic targets or prevention of inflammatory and oxidative processes. In addition, it emphasizes the role of the Prx in the protection of oxidative stress caused by acute inflammatory process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do potencial anti-inflamatório e antioxidante do extrato de juçara (Euterpe edulis Martius) em células neurais tratadas com Lipopolissacarídeo (LPS)
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2020-05-14) Cheberle, Ana Isabel do Prado [UNIFESP]; Mendes-da-Silva, Cristiano [UNIFESP]; Rosso, Veridiana Vera de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4938721558237749; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7868915353525184; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9688543931584508; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introdução: O consumo de dieta hiperlipídica desencadeia uma inflamação de baixa intensidade em tecidos centrais, através da ativação do receptor toll-like 4, além de estabelecer um ambiente de estresse oxidativo (EO). Pensando na ativação dessas vias, intervenções com compostos bioativos de alimentos, são estudadas para avaliar as possíveis ações benéficas dessas moléculas e atenuar esses processos. Dentre os diversos frutos na biodiversidade brasileira com elevadas concentrações de antocianinas, destaca-se o da palmeira juçara (Euterpe edulis) Objetivos: O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a possível ação anti-inflamatória e antioxidante do extrato de juçara em células micróglias (BV-2) expostas a diferentes estímulos pró-inflamatórios induzidos pelo LPS. Métodos: O extrato de juçara (EJ) foi caracterizado e quantificado por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência e por curvas de calibração externa. O ensaio de viabilidade celular, determinou as concentrações do EJ e LPS para o tratamento celular. Foram feitas as análises de ELISA (TNF-α e IL-10), Western Blot (JNK, pJNK e β-actina) e determinação dos marcadores do EO (estado antioxidante e oxidante total, atividade das enzimas superóxido dismutase, glutationa peroxidase e catalase e proteína carbonilada). Resultados: As antocianinas cianidina 3-glucosídeo e cianidina 3-rutinosídeo foram identificadas no EJ. As concentrações de LPS utilizadas foram 100 e 1000 ng/mL e a do extrato foi de 10 ppm. Os grupos tratados JLPS, apresentaram níveis reduzidos de TNF -α e níveis aumentados de IL-10 quando comparados aos grupos LPS isolados e controle. O grupo JLPS100 exibiu diminuição na expressão proteica de pJNK, quando comparada ao grupo LPS100. O grupo JLPS1000 apresentou aumento da capacidade antioxidante e atividade da enzima SOD em relação ao controle e redução da atividade da enzima GPX comparado ao LPS isolado; O EJ isolado aumentou a atividade da enzima catalase em relação ao controle. Conclusões: O EJ mostrou ser um excelente agente anti-inflamatório, mas não mostrou ter uma boa ação antioxidante em ambiente com altas moléculas oxidantes, mesmo tendo aumentado a atividade de catalase, não modulou as enzimas quando na presença do patógeno.

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