Navegando por Palavras-chave "serotonin"

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    Antidepressive-like effects of electroacupuncture in rats
    (Elsevier B.V., 2008-01-28) Santos, Jair Guilherme dos [UNIFESP]; Kawano, Fernando [UNIFESP]; Nishida, Marcio Makoto [UNIFESP]; Yamamura, Ysao [UNIFESP]; Mello, Luiz Eugenio [UNIFESP]; Tabosa, Angela [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Fac Ciencias Med Santa Casa
    Here, we investigate the effects of electroacupunture on the depressive-like symptoms in learned helplessness and forced swim tests in rats. Electroacupuncture stimulation (EA) was provided at ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) acupoints. A positive control group was treated with imipramine. To verify the effects of EA over serotonergic system, other additional groups received daily, for three days, p-chlorophenylalanine and after two days, were submitted to behavioral tests. EA, like imipramine, enhanced the successful active avoidance in the learned helplessness and diminished the time spent in immobility position in the forced swim test, without affecting the number of squares crossed in the open field test. the administration of p-chlorophenylalanine abolished the antidepressive-like effect of EA. EA generates a clear antidepressant effect in two different animal models of depression, and this effect is related, at least in part, to the serotonergic system. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    The brain decade in debate: II. Panic or anxiety? From animal models to a neurobiological basis
    (Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica, 2001-02-01) Andreatini, R.; Blanchard, C.; Blanchard, R.; Brandão, M.l.; Carobrez, A.p.; Griebel, G.; Guimarães, F.s.; Handley, S.l.; Jenck, F.; Leite, Jose Roberto [UNIFESP]; Rodgers, J.; Schenberg, L.c.; Da Cunha, C.; Graeff, F.g.; Universidade Federal do Paraná Departamento de Farmacologia Laboratório de Fisiologia e Farmacologia do Sistema Nervoso Central; University of Hawaii Department of Neurobiology; University of Hawaii Department of Psychology; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Departamento de Farmacologia; Central Nervous System Research Department Sanofi Synthelabo; Aston University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); University of Leeds Department of Psychology Ethopharmacology Laboratory; Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Centro de Biomedicina Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas
    This article is a transcription of an electronic symposium sponsored by the Brazilian Society of Neuroscience and Behavior (SBNeC). Invited researchers from the European Union, North America and Brazil discussed two issues on anxiety, namely whether panic is a very intense anxiety or something else, and what aspects of clinical anxiety are reproduced by animal models. Concerning the first issue, most participants agreed that generalized anxiety and panic disorder are different on the basis of clinical manifestations, drug response and animal models. Also, underlying brain structures, neurotransmitter modulation and hormonal changes seem to involve important differences. It is also common knowledge that existing animal models generate different types of fear/anxiety. A challenge for future research is to establish a good correlation between animal models and nosological classification.
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    The brain decade in debate: V-neurobiology of depression
    (Elsevier B.V., 2002-04-01) Barros, HMT; Calil, Helena M. [UNIFESP]; Guimaraes, F. S.; Soares, J. C.; Andreatini, R.; Univ Fed Parana; Univ Pittsburgh; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Fundacao Fac Ciencias Porto Alegre
    This paper is a transcription of a virtual symposium on the neurobiology of depression, which was organized by the Brazilian Society for Neuroscience and Behavior (SBNeC). There is a consensus that the monoaminergic theory is still valid, but its initial formulation suffered several modifications to explain more recent findings. Moreover, it is naive to suppose that depression has only one substratum and probably various neurotransmitter systems should be involved. Although nowadays the focus is mainly put on the serotonin (5-HT) system, there are several evidences suggesting an important role for other systems. It is expected that neuroimaging research with more specific tracers will give important information on this subject. the hormonal modulation is another important aspect of this picture, particularly in relation to the gender differences observed in depression. the neurobiological relationship between mania and depression states is also discussed. the intracellular transduction mechanisms are a growing field in depression research, representing the central focus of the molecular theory of depression, and it is indicated as the most fruitful theory to the development of really new drugs to treat depression. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Decreased noradrenergic and serotonergic reactivity of vas deferens of newborn rats from mothers treated with the serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine during pregnancy and breast-feeding
    (Elsevier B.V., 2007-11-10) Pereira, Janaina D.; Caricati-Neto, Afonso [UNIFESP]; Jurkiewicz, Aron; Jurkiewicz, Neide H.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Female Wistar rats were treated with the serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (10 mg/kg/i.p/day), during pregnancy and breast-feeding, for the study of the corresponding newborn rats. At the end of the prewcaning period, the 30-day old litters had their vas deferens removed for testing peripheral sympathetic reactivity, through the following experiments in vitro: (a) concentration-contraction curves for serotonin and for the adrenergic agonists noradrenaline, phenylephrine, clonidine and dopamine or for the indirect agonist tyramine (b) contractions induced by electric field stimulation, as an indicator of sympathetic neurotransmission (c) release of endogenous noradrenaline, measured by real-time determinations on HPLC (d) Ca+2 time-contraction curves, to check for changes on Ca+2 translocation. Our results showed that the affinity (pD(2)) for serotonin was strikingly decreased by about 1.5 log units. the pD2 for adrenergic agonists was decreased by about 0.5 log units, except for dopamine and clonidine. the maximum effects and intrinsic activity were decreased only for dopamine. On the other hand, the response to Ca+2 and the release of noradrenaline from nerve terminals were not modified. in additional experiments, the mother's body weights were measured, showing a decrease during gestation and a recovery during lactation while the offspring's weights were lower than controls. It is concluded that, besides the alterations on body weights, changes on noradrenergic and serotonergic mechanisms were observed and persisted in the newborn, at least one month after parturition. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Deep Brain Stimulation Reverses Anhedonic-Like Behavior in a Chronic Model of Depression: Role of Serotonin and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor
    (Elsevier B.V., 2012-01-01) Hamani, Clement [UNIFESP]; Machado, Danilo C. [UNIFESP]; Hipólide, Débora Cristina [UNIFESP]; Dubiela, Francisco Paulino [UNIFESP]; Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]; Macedo, Carlos E. [UNIFESP]; Tescarollo, Fabio [UNIFESP]; Martins, Uilton [UNIFESP]; Covolan, Luciene [UNIFESP]; Nobrega, Jose N.; Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth; Toronto Western Hosp; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is being investigated as a treatment for major depression, but its mechanisms of action are still unknown. We have studied the effects of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) stimulation in a chronic model of depression and assessed the involvement of the serotonergic system and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in a DBS response.Methods: Rats were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress during 4 weeks. Decline in preference for sucrose solutions over water, an index suggested to reflect anhedonic-like behavior, was monitored on a weekly basis. the outcome of chronic vmPFC stimulation alone (8 hours/day for 2 weeks) or combined with serotonin-depleting lesions was characterized. BDNF levels were measured in the hippocampus.Results: Stress induced a significant decrease in sucrose preference as well as hippocampal BDNF levels as compared with those recorded in control subjects. vmPFC stimulation completely reversed this behavioral deficit and partially increased BDNF levels. in contrast, DBS did not improve stress-induced anhedonic-like behavior in animals bearing serotonin-depleting raphe lesions with associated normal hippocampal BDNF levels.Conclusions: vmPFC stimulation was effective in a chronic model of depression. Our results suggest that the integrity of the serotonergic system is important for the anti-anhedonic-like effects of DBS but question a direct role of hippocampal BDNF.
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    Effects of buspirone on an animal model of tardive dyskinesia
    (Elsevier B.V., 1999-11-01) Queiroz, Claudio MT [UNIFESP]; Frussa-Filho, Roberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    1. the effects of buspirone were studied on an animal model of tardive dyskinesia, i.e., the quantification of orofacial dyskinesia in rats repeatedly treated with reserpine.2. Rats were co-treated with saline [SAL] or buspirone [BUS] (3.0 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily) and vehicle [VEH] or reserpine [RES] (0.1 mg/kg, s.c., once every other day) for 19 days. On the day 20, the animals were observed for quantification of the behavioral parameters of orofacial dyskinesia: tongue protrusion and vacuous chewing movements frequencies and duration of twitching of the facial musculature.3. Rats of the SAL+RES group exhibited a significant increase in the three behavioral parameters of orofacial dyskinesia relative to the rats of the SAL+VEH group. However, animals of the BUS+RES group showed only an increased frequency of vacuous chewing movements when compared to animals of the SAL+VEH group. in addition, the duration of the facial twitching was significantly decreased in the BUS+RES group in relation to rats of the SAL+RES group. There were no significant differences in the orofacial parameters between the BUS+VEH and the SAL+VEH groups.4. Because it was also verified that chronic buspirone treatment was able to increase apomorphine-induced yawning behavior, the possibility is raised that buspirone attenuates reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia through the development of dopamine autoreceptor supersensitivity.
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    Estimulação subtalâmica e modulação serotoninérgica em modelo de doença de Parkinson em ratos.
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2023-11-29) Mauricio, Gustavo Pires [UNIFESP]; Pagano, Rosana de Lima; Caperuto, Luciana Chagas [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0144465590218939; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1488843212395172; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2996823655801042
    A doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma doença neurodegenerativa complexa que causa disfunção progressiva com consequente morte de neurônios dopaminérgicos e não dopaminérgicos. A DP apresenta sintomas motores e não motores, sendo a dor um dos sintomas não motores mais prevalentes, debilitantes e ainda pouco compreendidos. O tratamento da DP é eminentemente sintomático, iniciando com uma abordagem farmacológica efetiva que perde sua eficácia ao longo do tempo gerando diversas complicações. Nessa fase, o padrão ouro de tratamento é a estimulação cerebral profunda (Deep Brain Stimulation, DBS) do núcleo subtalâmico (NST), que traz benefícios bastante evidentes frente aos sintomas motores e não motores da DP. Foi observado pelo nosso grupo que a DBS-NST melhora os sintomas motores e nociceptivos em ratos hemiparkinsonianos, resposta essa acompanhada por reversão tanto da neuroinflamação da via motora dopaminérgica como da hiperativação neuronal e glial na medula espinal. Considerando a importância da serotonina no controle da dor, neste projeto investigamos o efeito da DBS-NST na modulação do sistema serotoninérgico de ratos hemiparkinsonianos. Para tanto, avaliamos a marcação de serotonina em áreas envolvidas no controle da dor persistente. O tratamento com DBS-NST foi capaz de reverter o déficit serotoninérgico induzido pela neurotoxina estriatal nos núcleos magno e dorsal da rafe. Adicionalmente, a estimulação subtalâmica aumentou a expressão do receptor serotoninérgico inibitório 5HT1A e inibiu a expressão do 5HT3 excitatório na medula espinal dos ratos hemiparkinsonianos. O efeito ablativo do implante no NST per se modulou parcialmente o sistema serotonérgico; no entanto, não foi capaz de inibir a hipernocicepção dos animais lesionados. Esses dados nos levam a sugerir que o tratamento com DBS-NST inibe a hiperalgesia induzida pela lesão nigroestriatal devido, pelo menos em parte, a restauração do sistema serotoninérgico nos núcleos da rafe e medula espinal, reorganizando a via analgésica descendente com consequente inibição do sintoma de dor persistente. Esta investigação pretende esclarecer o mecanismo de ação da DBS na abordagem do sintoma não motor de dor na DP, com o intuito de nortear o aprimoramento de intervenções terapêuticas mais efetivas e menos invasivas aos pacientes acometidos por essa doença neurodegenerativa cada vez mais incidente.
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    Fish oil improves anxiety-like, depressive-like and cognitive behaviors in olfactory bulbectomised rats
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014-01-01) Pudell, Claudia; Vicente, Bianca A.; Delattre, Ana M.; Carabelli, Bruno; Mori, Marco A.; Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]; Machado, Ricardo B. [UNIFESP]; Zanata, Silvio M.; Visentainer, Jesui V.; Santos Junior, Oscar de Oliveira; Lima, Marcelo M. S.; Ferraz, Anete C.; Univ Fed Parana; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)
    Depression is increasingly present in the population, and its pathophysiology and treatment have been investigated with several animal models, including olfactory bulbectomy (Obx). Fish oil (FO) supplementation during the prenatal and postnatal periods decreases depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors. the present study evaluated the effect of FO supplementation on Obx-induced depressive-like behavior and cognitive impairment. Female rats received supplementation with FO during habituation, mating, gestation, and lactation, and their pups were subjected to Obx in adulthood; after the recovery period, the adult offspring were subjected to behavioral tests, and the hippocampal levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), serotonin (5-HT) and the metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic (5-HIAA) were determined. Obx led to increased anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors, and impairment in the object location task. All behavioral changes were reversed by FO supplementation. Obx caused reductions in the levels of hippocampal BDNF and 5-HT, whereas FO supplementation restored these levels to normal values. in control rats, FO increased the hippocampal level of 5-HT and reduced that of 5-HIAA, indicating low 5-HT metabolism in this brain region. the present results indicate that FO supplementation during critical periods of brain development attenuated anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors and cognitive dysfunction induced by Obx. These results may be explained by increased levels of hippocampal BDNF and 5-HT, two major regulators of neuronal survival and long-term plasticity in this brain structure.
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    Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging
    (Natl Acad Sciences, 2016) Carhart-Harris, Robin L.; Muthukumaraswamy, Suresh; Roseman, Leor; Kaelen, Mendel; Droog, Wouter; Murphy, Kevin; Tagliazucchi, Enzo; Schenberg, Eduardo Ekman [UNIFESP]; Nest, Timothy; Orban, Csaba; Leech, Robert; Williams, Luke T.; Williams, Tim M.; Bolstridge, Mark; Sessa, Ben; McGonigle, John; Sereno, Martin I.; Nichols, David; Hellyer, Peter J.; Hobden, Peter; Evans, John; Singh, Krish D.; Wise, Richard G.; Curran, H. Valerie; Feilding, Amanda; Nutt, David J.
    Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is the prototypical psychedelic drug, but its effects on the human brain have never been studied before with modern neuroimaging. Here, three complementary neuroimaging techniques: arterial spin labeling (ASL), blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) measures, and magnetoencephalography (MEG), implemented during resting state conditions, revealed marked changes in brain activity after LSD that correlated strongly with its characteristic psychological effects. Increased visual cortex cerebral blood flow (CBF), decreased visual cortex alpha power, and a greatly expanded primary visual cortex (V1) functional connectivity profile correlated strongly with ratings of visual hallucinations, implying that intrinsic brain activity exerts greater influence on visual processing in the psychedelic state, thereby defining its hallucinatory quality. LSD's marked effects on the visual cortex did not significantly correlate with the drug's other characteristic effects on consciousness, however. Rather, decreased connectivity between the parahippocampus and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) correlated strongly with ratings of "ego-dissolution" and "altered meaning," implying the importance of this particular circuit for the maintenance of "self" or "ego" and its processing of "meaning." Strong relationships were also found between the different imaging metrics, enabling firmer inferences to be made about their functional significance. This uniquely comprehensive examination of the LSD state represents an important advance in scientific research with psychedelic drugs at a time of growing interest in their scientific and therapeutic value. The present results contribute important new insights into the characteristic hallucinatory and consciousness-altering properties of psychedelics that inform on how they can model certain pathological states and potentially treat others.
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    Neuroendocrine and Peptidergic Regulation of Stress-Induced REM Sleep Rebound
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2016) Machado, Ricardo Borges [UNIFESP]; Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]
    Sleep homeostasis depends on the length and quality (occurrence of stressful events, for instance) of the preceding waking time. Forced wakefulness (sleep deprivation or sleep restriction) is one of the main tools used for the understanding of mechanisms that play a role in homeostatic processes involved in sleep regulation and their interrelations. Interestingly, forced wakefulness for periods longer than 24 h activates stress response systems, whereas stressful events impact on sleep pattern. Hypothalamic peptides (corticotropin-releasing hormone, prolactin, and the CLIP/ACTH (18-39)) play an important role in the expression of stress-induced sleep effects, essentially by modulating rapid eye movement sleep, which has been claimed to affect the organism resilience to the deleterious effects of stress. Some of the mechanisms involved in the generation and regulation of sleep and the main peptides/hypothalamic hormones involved in these responses will be discussed in this review.
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    Quantification of urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid by in-house nitrosonaphthol reaction compared with nitrosonaphthol micro column chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia ClínicaSociedade Brasileira de PatologiaSociedade Brasileira de Citopatologia, 2014-06-01) Silva, Joyce Matie Kinoshita Da [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rejane [UNIFESP]; Colaúto, Carlos; Carrilho, Flair José; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The aim of this study was to compare the colorimetric kit and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods to quantify urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid through the Goldenberg's technique, exploring the potential of replacing it. 24-hour urine samples were tested by Goldenberg's assay and compared with kits. The agreement was almost perfect for the comparison of Goldenberg's assay with both colorimetric kit, and with ELISA kit, considering ≤ 7.5 mg/24h normal cutoff value. Therefore, both kits would be good alternatives to Goldenberg's technique due to practicality and agreement between values.
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    Restricted and disrupted sleep: Effects on autonomic function, neuroendocrine stress systems and stress responsivity
    (W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2008-06-01) Meerlo, Peter; Sgoifo, Andrea; Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]; Univ Groningen; Univ Parma; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Frequently disrupted and restricted sleep is a common problem for many people in our modern around-the-clock society. in this context, it is an important question how sleep loss affects the stress systems in our bodies since these systems enable us to deal with everyday challenges. Altered activity and reactivity of these systems following insufficient sleep might have serious repercussions for health and well-being. Studies on both humans and rodents have shown that sleep deprivation and sleep restriction are conditions often associated with mild, temporary increases in the activity of the major neuroendocrine stress systems, i.e., the autonomic sympatho-adrenal system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. sleep deprivation may not only have a direct activating effect by itself but, in the tong run, it may also affect the reactivity of these systems to other stressors and challenges. Although the first signs of alterations in the way people deal with challenges under conditions of restricted sleep appear to be on the level of emotional perception, chronic sleep restriction may ultimately change the fundamental properties of neuroendocrine stress systems as well. Understandably, few controlled studies in humans have been devoted to this topic. Yet, experimental studies in rodents show that chronic sleep restriction may gradually alter neuroendocrine stress responses as well as the central mechanisms involved in the regulation of these responses. Importantly, the available data from studies in laboratory animals suggest that sleep restriction may gradually change certain brain systems and neuroendocrine systems in a manner that is similar to what is seen in stress-related disorders such as depression (e.g., reduced serotonin receptor sensitivity and altered regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis). Such data support the view that insufficient sleep, by acting on stress systems, may sensitize individuals to stress-related disorders. indeed, epidemiological studies suggest that sleep complaints and sleep restriction may be important risk factors for a variety of diseases that are often linked to stress, including cardiovascular diseases and mood disorders. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Serotonin involvement in the electroacupuncture- and moxibustion-induced gastric emptying in rats
    (Elsevier B.V., 2004-10-15) Sugai, GCM; Freire, A. D.; Tabosa, A.; Yamamura, Y.; Tufik, S.; Mello, LEAM; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: Electroacupuncture (EA) as well as moxibustion stimulation has been reported to produce an excitatory effect on the gastrointestinal motility of the rat. Serotonergic neurons of the mioenteric and submucous plexus are major participants in the gastrointestinal physiology. Here, we compared the outcomes of the stimulation of a specific set of acupoints with either acupuncture or moxibustion on the gastrointestinal motility and the role of serotonin (5-HT) in this effect.Methods: To analyze the role of 5-HT on the gastrointestinal motility of the rat, we studied the flow of 25 glass beads administered to the stomach, after treatment of the animals with a serotonin inhibitor (para-chlorophenylalanine [pCPA]). Acupuncture stimulation was performed on acupoints St-36 (Zusanli) and Sp-6 (Sanyinjiao), with electrical stimulation, or on acupoints Ren-10 (Xiawan), Ren-12 (Zhongwan) and St-25 (Tianshu), with moxibustion. Animals subjected to sham stimulation were used as controls in addition to naive, unstimulated animals.Results: Stimulation of the hind limb (St-36 and Sp-6) and abdominal (Ren-10, Ren-12, St-25) acupoints resulted in effective gastric emptying, as compared with sham-stimulated animals. Pretreatment of animals with pCPA abolished either the response provided by acupuncture stimulation in animal groups subjected to hind limb acupoints or the response provided by moxibustion stimulation in abdominal acupoints.Conclusion: Our data suggest that moxibustion in the abdominal points and EA in the hind limb require an intact serotonergic pathway. in addition, we suggest that this involvement of serotonin is a general feature of the mediated effects of acupuncture on gastric emptying of the rat. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Serum level of serotonin during real and during exercise in paraplegic patients
    (Stockton Press, 1998-01-01) Steinberg, L. L. [UNIFESP]; Sposito, Maria de Matilde de Mello [UNIFESP]; Lauro, Flávio Antônio Ascânio [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco Tulio de [UNIFESP]; Naffah-Mazzacoratti, Maria da Graca [UNIFESP]; Cavalheiro, Esper Abrão [UNIFESP]; Silva, A. C.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Fed Goias Catalao
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum level of serotonin (5-HT) during rest and response to exercise in subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI) with different levels of physical activity. Twenty-five male subjects with traumatic paraplegia, the neurological levels being between T1 and T12, volunteered for the study. They were divided into two groups matched for age, weight and time since injury, according to the level of physical activity: 14 inactive and 11 subjects regularly involved in sports activity and considered active. They all performed a maximal spiroergometric test with an arm crank ergometer. Two samples of blood were collected for 5-HT determination, during rest (PRE) and immediately after exercise test (POST). Serum 5-HT concentration was measured by high performance liquid chromatography using electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED). the results showed that peak oxygen uptake ((V) over dot O-2peak) was higher in the active group (27.08 +/- 2.60 vs 18.89 +/- 5.58 mL.kg(-1).min(-1), P<0.001). There were no significant differences between the inactive and active groups for the 5-HT PRE (respectively 176.96 and 193.73 ng.mL(-1), P>0.05) or POST values (275.44 vs 311.05 ng.mL(-1), P>0.05). Both groups showed an increment in 5-HT after maximal exercise, but only in the active group it reached statistical significance (Wilcoxon test, P<0.02). Our results show that chronic paraplegic individuals have normal resting serum serotonin levels and normal response to exercise. the relationship between training status, mood elevation and 5-HT in SCI could not be established in the present study, and further investigation is needed to clarify this issue.
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    Tratamento do zumbido com a trazodona
    (ABORL-CCF Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial, 2007-06-01) Dib, Gabriel Cesar [UNIFESP]; Kasse, Cristiane Akemi [UNIFESP]; Andrade, Tatiana Alves de [UNIFESP]; Testa, Jose Ricardo Gurgel [UNIFESP]; Cruz, Oswaldo Laércio Mendonça [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Tinnitus is a common symptom, defined as a sound perception in absence of a sound stimulus. AIM: Evaluate if Trazodone, an antidepressant drug, which modulates serotonin at central neuronal pathways, is effective in controlling tinnitus. STUDY DESIGN : Prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled. Materials and Methods: Study performed with patients presenting tinnitus. 85 patients were analyzed between February and June of 2005. 43 received trazodone and 42 placebo, for 60 days. The clinical criteria of analysis were tinnitus intensity, discomfort and life quality impact by tinnitus, using an analogue scale varying between 0 and 10, scored by patients before and after drug or placebo use. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in intensity, discomfort and life quality in both groups after treatment; however, there was no significant difference between the drug and placebo groups. Patients with age equal or over 60 years presented better results after treatment. CONCLUSION: Trazodone was not efficient in controlling tinnitus in the patients evaluated under the doses utilized.