Navegando por Palavras-chave "reserpine"

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    Antidyskinetic effects of risperidone on animal models of tardive dyskinesia in mice
    (Elsevier B.V., 2003-04-15) Carvalho, R. C.; Silva, R. H.; Abilio, V. C.; Barbosa, P. N.; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The effects of risperidone, an atypical neuroleptic, were investigated on two animal models of tardive dyskinesia (TD). the repeated administration of reserpine (1.0 mg/kg) or haloperidol (2.0 mg/kg) induces orofacial movements in mice, which are very similar to those observed in humans presenting TD. the effects of acute or repeated treatment with several doses of risperidone (0.1; 0.5; 2.0 or 4.0) on the expression and development of orofacial movements in reserpine- and haloperidol-treated male mice were investigated. the results showed that risperidone per se did not induce the development of orofacial movements. in addition, this drug was able to attenuate the expression and the development of reserpine-as well as haloperidol-induced orofacial movements. These results are in line with several clinical studies that suggest not only a lower incidence of TD in schizophrenic patients treated with risperidone, but also an antidyskinetic effect of this drug in patients previously treated with classical neuroleptics. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Behavioral effects of MK-801 on reserpine-treated mice
    (Elsevier B.V., 2002-04-01) Dutra, R. C.; Andreazza, A. P.; Andreatini, R.; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Vital, Maria ABF [UNIFESP]; Univ Fed Parana; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The effects of dizocilpine (MK-801), a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, were studied on dopamine-related behaviors induced by reserpine treatments. This study focuses on behavioral syndromes that may used as models for Parkinson's disease, or tardive dyskinesia, and its response after glutamatergic blockage. Reserpine (1 mg/kg), administered once every other day for 4 days, produced increases in orofacial dyskinesia, tongue protrusion and vacuous chewing in mice, which are signs indicative of tardive dyskinesia. Reserpine also produced tremor and catalepsy, which are signs suggestive of Parkinson's disease. MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg), administered 30 min before the observation test, prevented the vacuous chewing movements., tongue protrusions and catalepsy induced by reserpine. However, MK-801 injection produced a significant increase of tremor in reserpine-treated mice. Reserpine (1 mg/kg), administered 90 min before the test and followed by apomophine injection (0.1 mg/kg) 5 min before the test, did not produce oral dyskinesia in mice. On the other hand, reserpine induced increases in tremor and catalepsy compared to control mice. MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg) administration attenuated the catalepsy and tremor induced by reserpine. Pretreatment with reserpine (1 mg/kg) 24 h before the observation test produced increases in vacuous chewing movements and tongue protrusion, as well as increases in tremor and catalepsy, whereas MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg) injection 90 min before the test reversed the effects of reserpine, These results show that reserpine produces different and abnormal movements, which are related to dose and schedule employed and can be considered as parkinsonian-like and tardive dsykinesia signs. the glutamatergic blockage produced by NMDA can restore these signs, such as vacuous chewing movements, tongue protrusions, catalepsy and tremor according to the employed model. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Cannabidiol Prevents Motor and Cognitive Impairments Induced by Reserpine in Rats
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2016) Peres, Fernanda Fiel [UNIFESP]; Leyin, Raquel [UNIFESP]; Suiama, Mayra Akimi [UNIFESP]; Diana, Mariana Cepollaro [UNIFESP]; Gouvea, Douglas Albuquerque [UNIFESP]; Almeida, Valeria [UNIFESP]; Santos, Camila Mauricio [UNIFESP]; Lungato, Lisandro [UNIFESP]; Zuardi, Antonio W.; Hallak, Jaime E. C.; Crippa, Jose A.; D'Almeida, Vania [UNIFESP]; Silva, Regina Helena da [UNIFESP]; Abilio, Vanessa Costhek [UNIFESP]
    Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotomimetic compound from Cannabis sativa that presents antipsychotic, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. In Parkinson's disease patients, CBD is able to attenuate the psychotic symptoms induced by L-DOPA and to improve quality of life. Repeated administration of reserpine in rodents induces motor impairments that are accompanied by cognitive deficits, and has been applied to model both tardive dyskinesia and Parkinson's disease. The present study investigated whether CBD administration would attenuate reserpine-induced motor and cognitive impairments in rats. Male Wistar rats received four injections of CBD (0.5 or 5 mg/kg) or vehicle (days 2-5). On days 3 and 5, animals received also one injection of 1 mg/kg reserpine or vehicle. Locomotor activity, vacuous chewing movements, and catalepsy were assessed from day 1 to day 7. On days 8 and 9, we evaluated animals' performance on the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task, for learning/memory assessment. CBD (0.5 and 5 mg/kg) attenuated the increase in catalepsy behavior and in oral movements - but not the decrease in locomotion induced by reserpine. CBD (0.5 mg/kg) also ameliorated the reserpine-induced memory deficit in the discriminative avoidance task. Our data show that CBD is able to attenuate motor and cognitive impairments induced by reserpine, suggesting the use of this compound in the pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease and tardive dyskinesia.
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    Concomitant development of oral dyskinesia and memory deficits in reserpine-treated male and female mice
    (Elsevier B.V., 2002-05-14) Silva, R. H.; Abilio, V. C.; Torres-Leite, D.; Bergamo, M.; Chinen, C. C.; Claro, F. T.; Carvalho, R. D.; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Santo Amaro
    It has been suggested that reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia in rats may provide a new animal model of tardive dyskinesia. Both cognitive deficits and gender have been associated with the development of tardive dyskinesia. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of reserpine administration on the development of orofacial dyskinesia and on plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (DAT-an animal model of associative learning) in male and female mice. Male and female mice received 1.0 mg/kg reserpine or saline subcutaneously on day 1. On days 3, 6 and 8, the frequency of vacuous chewing movements (VCM) was quantified. On day 6, the DAT conditioning was performed, in a modified elevated plus-maze. in one of the enclosed arms, the animals received aversive stimulation (light and noise). On day 8, a test session was performed and the time spent by the animals in each of the enclosed arms was recorded. Our results showed that reserpine-treated male and female mice presented significantly higher VCM when compared with respective control groups in all observation days. On day 6, reserpine-treated female mice presented significantly higher VCM when compared with male mice injected with this drug. the DAT test performed on day 8 showed that the time spent in the aversive arm by saline-treated mice was significantly lower than the time spent in the non-aversive arm. This difference was not observed for reserpine-treated mice. Our results demonstrate the development of reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia in both male and female mice. While this oral dyskinesia is accompanied by a cognitive deficit in both genders, female mice tended to have more severe oral dyskinesia. It is suggested that reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia may provide a quick, simple and efficient mouse model of tardive dyskinesia. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of age on a new animal model of tardive dyskinesia
    (Elsevier B.V., 1997-11-01) Bergamo, M.; Abilio, V. C.; Queiroz, CMT; Barbosa, H. N.; Abdanur, LRA; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The effects of age were studied on a new animal model of tardive dyskinesia, i.e., the quantification of oral dyskinesia in rats repeatedly treated with reserpine. Adult and old rats received two injections of reserpine (0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg s.c.) or vehicle, separated by 48 h. One, 10, 25 and 40 days after the second injection of reserpine or vehicle, the animals were observed for quantification of the behavioral parameters of oral dyskinesia: tongue protrusion and vacuous chewing movement frequencies and duration of twitching of the facial musculature. Phenomenologically, control old rats and reserpine-treated adult animals showed very similar oral dyskinesia. When compared to control adult rats, the significant increase in tongue protrusion frequency induced by reserpine treatment was more persistent in the old rats than in the adult animals. Because it is well known that age increases the persistence of tardive dyskinesia, our data provide further support for the validation of reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia as an animal model of tardive dyskinesia. in addition, the possibility is raised that a common pathophysiological mechanism may underlie tardive dyskinesia and age- and reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc.
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    Effects of baclofen on reserpine-induced vacuous chewing movements in mice
    (Elsevier B.V., 2006-02-15) Castro, JPMV; Frussa-Filho, R.; Fukushiro, D. F.; Silva, R. H.; Medrano, W. A.; Ribeiro, R. D.; Abilio, V. C.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    We have described that GABA mimetic drugs present the ability to inhibit the expression of reserpine-induced oral movements. in this respect, oral movements is associated with important neuropathologies. This study investigates the effects of an acute or a repeated treatment of different doses of the GABA(B) agonist baclofen, as well as withdrawal from these treatments, on the development and/or expression of reserpine-induced vacuous chewing movements (VCM). Male mice received two injections of vehicle or of 1 mg/kg reserpine separated by 48h. in the first experiment, 24 h later, animals were acutely treated with vehicle or baclofen (1, 2 or 4 mg/kg). in the second experiment, animals were treated with vehicle or baclofen (1 or 4 mg/kg) for four consecutive days receiving a concomitant injection of 1 mg/kg reserpine (or vehicle) on Days 2 and 4. Twenty-four hours later, animals received vehicle or baclofen. Thirty minutes after the last injection, they were observed for quantification of VCM and open-field general activity. the acute administration of all the doses of baclofen abolished the manifestation of reserpine-induced VCM. Repeated treatment with 1 mg/kg baclofen induced tolerance to the ability of an acute injection of this dose to reduce VCM. Treatment with baclofen (4 mg/kg) did not modify spontaneous VCM. Acute administration of the highest dose induced a decrease in general motor activity and a potentiation of the reserpine-induced decrease in general activity. These results reinforce the involvement of GABAcrgic hypofunction in the expression of oral movements and suggest that a repeated treatment with baclofen induces compensatory changes in GABAergic transmission that can attenuate its acute property to decrease VCM. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of buspirone on an animal model of tardive dyskinesia
    (Elsevier B.V., 1999-11-01) Queiroz, Claudio MT [UNIFESP]; Frussa-Filho, Roberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    1. the effects of buspirone were studied on an animal model of tardive dyskinesia, i.e., the quantification of orofacial dyskinesia in rats repeatedly treated with reserpine.2. Rats were co-treated with saline [SAL] or buspirone [BUS] (3.0 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily) and vehicle [VEH] or reserpine [RES] (0.1 mg/kg, s.c., once every other day) for 19 days. On the day 20, the animals were observed for quantification of the behavioral parameters of orofacial dyskinesia: tongue protrusion and vacuous chewing movements frequencies and duration of twitching of the facial musculature.3. Rats of the SAL+RES group exhibited a significant increase in the three behavioral parameters of orofacial dyskinesia relative to the rats of the SAL+VEH group. However, animals of the BUS+RES group showed only an increased frequency of vacuous chewing movements when compared to animals of the SAL+VEH group. in addition, the duration of the facial twitching was significantly decreased in the BUS+RES group in relation to rats of the SAL+RES group. There were no significant differences in the orofacial parameters between the BUS+VEH and the SAL+VEH groups.4. Because it was also verified that chronic buspirone treatment was able to increase apomorphine-induced yawning behavior, the possibility is raised that buspirone attenuates reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia through the development of dopamine autoreceptor supersensitivity.
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    Effects of gabaergic drugs on reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia
    (Elsevier B.V., 2005-05-07) Peixoto, M. R.; Araujo, N. P.; Silva, R. H.; Castro, JPMV; Fukushiro, D. F.; Faria, R. R.; Zanier-Gomes, P. H.; Medrano, W. A.; Frussa-Filho, R.; Abilio, V. C.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Recently we have described the antidyskinetic property of the GABA mimetic drugs valproic acid and topiramate on reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia. in this respect, oral dyskinesia has been associated with important neuropathologies. the present study investigates the effects of different doses of the GABA(A) agonist tetrahydroisoxazolopyridine (THIP), of the GABA(B) agonist baclofen as well as of the GABAA modulator diazepam on the manifestation of reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia. Male Wistar rats received two injections of vehicle or of 1 mg/kg reserpine separated by 48 h. Twenty-four hours later, animals were acutely treated with vehicle or THIP (2, 4 or 8 mg/kg), baclofen (1, 2 or 4 mg/kg) or diazepam (1, 2 or 4 mg/kg) and were observed for quantification of oral dyskinesia and open-field general activity. in order to verify the effects of these drugs per se on spontaneous oral movements, male Wistar rats were acutely treated with vehicle, 8 mg/kg THIP, 4 mg/kg baclofen or 4 mg/kg diazepam and observed for quantification of oral dyskinesia. the two highest doses of THIP or of baclofen abolished the manifestation of reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia while the lowest dose of baclofen attenuated it. Diazepam did not modify reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia at any dose tested. the highest doses of these drugs did not modify spontaneous oral movements. Reserpineinduced decrease in open-field general activity was not modified by any of the doses of THIP and diazepam or by the two lowest doses of baclofen. the highest dose of baclofen potentiated the increase in the duration of immobility induced by reserpine. These results reinforce the involvement of GABAergic hypofunction in the expression of oral dyskinesias, and support the potential therapeutic use of THIP and baclofen in the treatment of oral dyskinesias. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of monosialoganglioside on a new model of tardive dyskinesia
    (Elsevier B.V., 1997-10-01) Vital, MABF; Frussa-Filho, Roberto [UNIFESP]; Palermo Neto, J.; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); UNIV FED PARANA; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    1- the effects of monosialoganglioside GM(1) were studied on a new model of tardive dyskinesia, i.e., the frequency of spontaneous tongue protrusions in rats repeatedly treated with reserpine.2- Rats were co-treated with vehicle (VEH) or reserpine (RES) (0.1 mg/kg, sc, every other day) and saline (SAL) or GM1 (5 mg/kg, ip, every day) for 30 days and observed for tongue protrusions on days 10, 20 and 30.3- During each test day animals of the RES+SAL, group exhibited an increase in tongue protrusions relative to rats of the VEH+SAL group. However, rats of the RES+GM(1) group showed an increased frequency of tongue protrusions only on day 10, when compared to animals of the VEH+SAL group. There were no significant differences in tongue protrusion frequency between the VEH+GM(1) and the VEH+SAL groups.4- These results differ from previous studies which reported a facilitatory effect of GM1 coadministration on conventional behavioral animal models of tardive dyskinesia: the possibility is raised that GM1 attenuates the reserpine-induced increase in tongue protrusions through its protective effect on glutamate/oxidative stress neurotoxicity.
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    Effects of valproic acid on an animal model of tardive dyskinesia
    (Elsevier B.V., 2003-06-16) Peixoto, M. F.; Abilio, V. C.; Silva, R. H.; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    GABAergic hypofunction in the basal ganglia is stated as an important mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia. the present study investigates the effects of the GABA-mimetic drug valproic acid (VA) on the manifestation of reserpine-induced orofacial movements, an animal model of tardive dyskinesia. Male Wistar rats received two injections of control solution or of 1 mg/kg reserpine separated by 48 h. Twenty-four hours later, animals were acutely treated with 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg VA or control solution and were observed for quantification of orofacial movements and of open-field general activity. the highest dose of VA inhibited the manifestation of reserpine-induced orofacial movements but none of the VA doses modified reserpine-induced decrease in open-field general activity. These results support the potential of VA as an effective pharmacological tool in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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    The mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid aggravates reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia in rats
    (Elsevier B.V., 2002-02-01) Calvente, Patricia RV [UNIFESP]; Araujo, Carlos CS [UNIFESP]; Bergamo, Marcelo [UNIFESP]; Abilio, Vanessa C. [UNIFESP]; D'Almeida, Vânia [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Rosana de A [UNIFESP]; Frussa Filho, Roberto [UNIFESP]; Dept Farmacol; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The effects of a previous long-term administration of the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid were studied on an animal model of tardive dyskinesia, i.e., die frequency of spontaneous tongue protrusions in rats repeatedly treated with reserpine. 3-Nitropropionic acid (10 or 15 mg/kg ip, every other day for 17 days) potentiated the increase in tongue-protrusion frequency induced by reserpine (1 mg/kg, sc, every other day for 3 days) but did not modify reserpine-induced increase in immobility duration and decrease in locomotion frequency. These results support the notion that neurotoxic events are associated with the development of tardive dyskinesia. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation Modulates Tyrosine Hydroxylase Expression in the Nigrostriatal Pathway and Attenuates Motor Deficits Induced by Dopaminergic Depletion
    (Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2012-06-01) Lima, Marcelo M. S.; Andersen, Monica Levy [UNIFESP]; Reksidler, Angela B.; Ferraz, Anete C.; Vital, Maria Aparecida Barbato Frazão [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Univ Fed Parana; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The nigrostriatal pathway is very likely involved in sleep regulation, considering the occurrence and high prevalence of sleep-related disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease. Indeed, dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area were recently shown to fire in bursts during paradoxical sleep (PS), but little is known about the activity of the nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) cells in relation to PS. In view of that we hypothesized that paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) may play a relevant role in nigrostriatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression and, subsequently, in sleep rebound. The present study was designed to determine the effects of PSD in the nigrostriatal pathway in mice by means of neurochemical and behavioral approaches. Intraperitoneal reserpine (1 mg/kg) associated to alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (MT) (250 mg/kg) to produce catecholamine depletion, or rotenone (10 mg/kg) to increase striatal DA turnover were injected 30 min before the 24 h of PSD. Catalepsy and open-field tests indicated that motor deficits induced by reserpine-MT were counteracted by PSD, which, in contrast, potentiated the motor impairment induced by rotenone. Besides, PSD produced down-regulation on TH expression within the substantia nigra pars compacta and striatum, without affecting the number or the optical density of dopaminergic neurons present in the respective areas. Interestingly, PSD potentiated the down-regulation of TH expression in the substantia nigra pars compacta and striatum induced by the co-administration of reserpine-MT. These results reinforce the notion of a strong participation of DA in PS, as a consequence of the modulation of TH protein expression in the nigrostriatal pathway..
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    Phosphatidylserine reverses reserpine-induced amnesia
    (Elsevier B.V., 2000-09-15) Alves, CSD; Aldreatini, R.; Cunha, C. da; Tufik, S.; Vital, MABF; Univ Fed Parana; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The effects of phosphatidylserine (PS) were studied in rats treated with reserpine (1 mg/kg) immediately after training in the passive avoidance task. in experiment I, phosphatidylserine (25 mg/kg) was administered 30 min before or immediately after training. Acute pre- or post-treatment with phosphatidylserine was effective in reversing the amnestic effect of reserpine in test trials performed 24 h and 1 week after training. Experiment II was performed to determine if the long-term pretreatment with phosphatidylserine (25 mg/kg) for 7 days is able to protect the rats against the amnestic effects of reserpine in this task. the data show that phosphatidylserine reverses the impairment induced by reserpine in trials performed 74 h and 1 week after training. These results indicate that the memory deficits associated with catecholamine depletion caused by reserpine can be attenuated by acute pre- or post-training or by long-term pretreatment with this phospholipid. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Reserpine does not induce orofacial dyskinesia in spontaneously hypertensive rats
    (Elsevier B.V., 1998-09-04) Queiroz, CMT; Piovezan, R. D.; Frussa-Filho, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The nigrostriatal dopaminergic system seems to be involved in both reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia in normal rats and in the pathogenesis of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. in the present study, repeated reserpine administration (1.0 mg/kg, s.c., every other day, for 3 days) increased tongue protrusion and vacuous chewing frequencies as well as the duration of facial twitching in Wistar normotensive but not in spontaneously hypertensive rats. These results suggest that genetic hypertension and drug-induced orofacial movements may be inversely modulated by similar mechanisms in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Vitamin E attenuates reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia and striatal oxidized glutathione/reduced glutathione ratio (GSSG/GSH) enhancement in rats
    (Elsevier B.V., 2003-02-01) Abilio, Vanessa C. [UNIFESP]; Araujo, Carlos CS [UNIFESP]; Bergamo, Marcelo [UNIFESP]; Calvente, Patricia RV [UNIFESP]; D'Almeida, Vania [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Rosana de A. [UNIFESP]; Frussa-Filho, Roberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The effects of a previous and concomitant treatment with vitamin E (VE) were studied on an animal model of tardive dyskinesia, i.e., the frequency of spontaneous tongue protrusions in rats treated with reserpine (RE). VE (5, 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally, daily, for 19 days) attenuated the increase in tongue protrusion frequency induced by RE (1 mg/kg administered subcutaneously, on Days 16 and 18, 1 h after VE), which was quantified on Day 19. in a second experiment, a similar treatment with 20 mg/kg VE attenuated RE-induced increase in the striatal ratio of oxidized/reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH), an index of the oxidative stress process. These results support the free radical hypothesis of tardive dyskinesia. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.