Navegando por Palavras-chave "reptiles"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Herpetofauna of the Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu (REGUA) and its surrounding areas, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil(Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA - FAPESP, 2014-09-01) Almeida-gomes, Mauricio; Siqueira, Carla Costa; Borges-júnior, Vitor Nelson Teixeira; Vrcibradic, Davor; Ardenghi Fusinatto, Luciana; Frederico Duarte Rocha, Carlos; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Departamento de Ecologia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Departamento de Ecologia; Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Species inventories are useful tools to improve conservation strategies, especially in highly threatened biomes such as the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Here we present a species list of amphibians and reptiles for the Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu (REGUA), a forest reserve located in the central portion of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. The list results from an extensive sampling effort that lasted ten years. A total of 73 amphibian (of which ten are endemic to the state) and 37 reptile species was recorded from the area. Five amphibian species are presently categorized by the IUCN as “data-deficient”, two as “near threatened” and one as “endangered”, whereas one reptile species is categorized as “vulnerable”. Our results showed that REGUA harbors about one-third of the herpetofauna species presently known to occur in state of Rio de Janeiro, adding more information to previously published lists of amphibians and reptiles from localities within the Serra dos =rgãos region, and highlighting the importance of this area for conservation of amphibians and reptiles of the Atlantic Forest.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Impactos potenciais das mudanças propostas no Código Florestal Brasileiro sobre os répteis brasileiros(Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA - FAPESP, 2010-12-01) Marques, Otavio Augusto Vuolo; Nogueira, Cristiano; Martins, Marcio; Sawaya, Ricardo Jannini [UNIFESP]; Instituto Butantan Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução; Universidade de Brasília Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)We evaluate the potential impacts on Brazilian reptiles (721 species already described), if the proposed changes in the Brazilian Forest Code are approved. The possibility of environmental compensation (a legal obligation in case of disturbance of natural habitats) in basins or micro basins different from that in which the disturbance occurred would have harmful effects on reptile diversity. Some reptile genera include species that rarely co-occur in space. Thus, conservation action planning based on naturally smaller scales, such as micro basins, is most suitable to maintain species composition across large regions. The proposed changes also include the removal of mountaintops as Areas of Permanent Preservation (APP, areas which must be permanently protected, despite the fact that they are not part of a park), as well as a reduction in the width of gallery forests and protected riparian habitats (which are APPs). Many Brazilian reptiles are restricted to high elevation areas, whereas others dwell only or mostly in gallery forests and riparian areas. Thus, the habitat loss that would result from these two changes could make some reptiles vulnerable to extinction. The proposed changes also include allowing the restoration of the Legal Reserves (LR, the reserves of natural vegetation which landowners have to keep in private areas) using exotic plant species. There are evidences that many Brazilian reptiles are not able to persist in human-modified environments like forests composed of exotic trees. The proposed changes also allow the compensation of disturbances imposed on LR inside existing protected areas. However, existing protected areas are not sufficient for the maintenance of reptile diversity in Brazil (mainly because many species have restricted distributions). If approved, the proposed changes in the code will impose significant negative effects on the Brazilian reptile fauna, an important component of the country's natural heritage. Furthermore, unknown molecules with potential for pharmaceutical use could also be lost.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosA new blood coagulation inhibitor from the snake Bothrops jararaca plasma: isolation and characterization(Elsevier B.V., 2003-09-05) Tanaka-Azevedo, A. M.; Tanaka, A. S.; Sano-Martins, I. S.; Inst Butantan; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)A novel thrombin inhibitor, Bothrops jararaca inhibitor (BjI), has been identified and purified from B. jararaca snake blood by two anionic chromatographic steps. Purified BjI showed two polypeptide chains with molecular masses of 109 and 138 kDa, by SDS-PAGE in reducing conditions. On the other hand, in nonreducing conditions the molecular masses were 150 and 219 kDa, suggesting that the polypeptide chain 109 kDa can be a dimer form linked by disulfide bond. However, the native BjI shows a molecular mass higher than 1000 kDa by gel filtration chromatography, indicating the need of a quaternary structure formation for the blood coagulation inhibition. BjI is a specific thrombin coagulant activity inhibitor that does not affect other thrombin functions, such as: amidolytic and platelet aggregation activities. BjI is not an antithrombin-like inhibitor. Fibrinogen and heparin competition ELISA assays with BjI and thrombin showed that fibrinogen does not interfere in the BjI and thrombin binding, however, heparin interferes in BjI and thrombin interaction, suggesting that BjI binds to heparin site or other sites close to it. Our findings indicate that BjI is an exosite binding thrombin inhibitor, specific upon coagulant activity thrombin inhibitor, without any anti-platelet aggregation activity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosRépteis do Estado de São Paulo: conhecimento atual e perspectivas(Revista Biota Neotropica, 2011-01-01) Zaher, Hussam; Barbo, Fausto Erritto; Martinez, Paola Sanchez; Nogueira, Cristiano; Rodrigues, Miguel Trefaut; Sawaya, Ricardo Jannini [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP; Universidade de Brasília (UnB); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The present study provides a list of species of reptiles known to occur in the State of Sao Paulo, based on specimens with confirmed localities, housed in the three largest scientific collections of the state, and published information. We registered the presence of 212 species of reptiles within the boundaries of the state that belong to 23 families and include 12 chelonians, three crocodilians, and 197 squamates (142 snakes, 44 lizards, and 11 amphisbenians). Eleven species are endemic to the State of Sao Paulo (Mesoclemmys cf. vanderhaegei, Amphisbaena sanctaeritae, Mabuya caissara, Mabuya macrorhyncha, Liotyphlops caissara, Liotyphlops schubarti, Corallus cropanii, Atractus serranus, Phalotris lativittatus, Bothropoides alcatraz,Bothropoides insularis). Within Squamata, four lizards and one snake correspond to valid species that are still in need of formal description. Thirty-two species are included in the List of Threatened Species from the State of Sao Paulo, while only nine belong to the Brazilian List of Threatened Species. Reptile species richness for the state represents already approximately 30% of species richness known to occur in all the Brazilian territory, which includes 721 species. However, we conclude that more detailed taxonomic and distributional studies as well as more surveys targeting poorly known localities will have the effect of augmenting the number of species for the state.