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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Eficiência do laser diodo 980 nm em comparação à da glicose a 75% na oclusão de veias da orelha de coelhos(Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e de Cirurgia Vascular (SBACV), 2011-06-01) Lima, Paulo Roberto da Silva [UNIFESP]; Araújo, Marcelo; Pitta, Guilherme Benjamin Brandão; Oliveira, Andressa Feitosa Bezerra de; Pereira, Guilherme Costa Guedes; Baptista-Silva, José Carlos Costa [UNIFESP]; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas; Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: The laser is a new treatment to varicose veins and there is several myths and doubts in relation to its efficacy; then, there is the need to compare it with the most commonly sclerosing solution (hypertonic glucose) used in our specialty. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficiency of the diode laser 980nm to the glucose 75% in the occlusion of veins from the ear of rabbits. METHODS: Aleatory trial in laboratory animals during 21 days. The sample consisted of ears from male adult rabbits. Group L (laser): 15 ears treated with laser; group G (glucose 75%): 15 ears treated with glucose 75%. Primary variables: sclerotic and/or occluded veins. Complementary variables: volume of the managed substance, complications and weight of rabbit. The sample size was estimated in 30 ears. The statistical analysis was carried out by Fisher''s exact test associated to the Relative Risk (RR), calculating the confidence interval of 95% for the mentioned variables. RESULTS: The incidence of sclerosis or venous occlusion in group G was 53% (8/15; 95%CI: 27-79) and in group L was 20% (3/15; 95% CI: 4-49). Two-tailed p was 0.1281, RR using the approximation of Katz was 2.66; 95%CI: 0.87-8.15. CONCLUSION: The efficiency of the diode laser 980 nm in comparison to glucose 75% in occlusion of veins in this experimental model was equivalent.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Estudo comparativo entre diversas técnicas de confecção de modelo experimental de sinusite inflamatória em coelhos(ABORL-CCF Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial, 2007-10-01) Costa, Henrique Olival; Luchi, Giulliano Enrico Ruschi E; Augusto, Arthur Guilerme; Castro, Marilia; Souza, Flavia Coelho De [UNIFESP]; Santa Casa de São Paulo Depto. de Otorrinolaringologia; Santa Casa de São Paulo programa de Pós-Graduação; Santa Casa de São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Experimental models for clinical studies of rhinosinusitis are needed. AIM: to define a reliable, solid and reproducible experimental model for inflammatory rhinosinusitis with no innoculation of infectious agents in rabbits. Study design: Experimental. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty 20 rabbits were divided into 4 groups submitted to 4 different interventions: the placement of a unilateral nasal fossa sponge, unilateral obliteration of the nasal ostium with cyanoacrylate, unilateral placement of antigens in the maxillary cavity and unilateral placement of blood in the maxillary cavity. The animals were monitored for 15 days and then anesthetized and sacrificed; the maxillary sinuses were evaluated histologicaly and results were compared with controls and between the intervention groups. CONCLUSION: Sponje and glue as agents of meatal obstruction and toxoid aplied in the antrum are efficient as methods for rhinosinusitis modeling. Blood was not efficient in producing sinusitis.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosHigh glucose levels abolish antiatherosclerotic benefits of ACE inhibition in alloxan-induced diabetes in rabbits(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005-04-01) Pomaro, Daniel Roberto [UNIFESP]; Ihara, Silvia Saiuli Miki [UNIFESP]; Pinto, Leonor do Espírito Santo de Almeida [UNIFESP]; Ueda, Ivete [UNIFESP]; Casarini, Dulce E. [UNIFESP]; Ebihara, Fabiana [UNIFESP]; Santos, Andreza Oliveira dos [UNIFESP]; Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Fonseca, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Renin-angiotensin system activation is recognized to play an important role in atherosclerosis. This study aimed to verify the antiatherosclerotic effects of ACE inhibition on an experimental model of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. Diabetes was induced in New Zealand male rabbits with a single dose of alloxan (100 mg/kg, IV), and, according to plasma glucose levels obtained after 1 week, the animals were divided into 2 groups (>= 250 mg/dL or < 250 mg/dL). Each group was randomly assigned to receive or not quinapril (30 mg/d) added to a 0.5% cholesterol-enriched diet. Animals with high glucose levels at 1 week and that remained high after 12 weeks presented higher triglyceride levels (P < 0.02 versus basal). Those initially hyperglycemic but presenting < 250 mg/dL glucose at the end of study formed an additional group. Plasma ACE activity was lower in quinapril-treated animals (P < 0.01 versus untreated groups). However, aorta intima/media ratio and intima area were lower only in the subgroups of quinapril-treated animals with low glucose levels (P < 0.05). Our results support the hypothesis that high plasma glucose may abolish the anti atheroscl erotic effect of ACE inhibitors.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Histological analysis of autologous fascia graft implantation into the rabbit voice muscle(Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervicofacial, 2011-04-01) Pinna, Bruno de Rezende [UNIFESP]; Stávale, João Norberto [UNIFESP]; Pontes, Paulo Augusto de Lima [UNIFESP]; Brasil, Osiris de Oliveira Campones do [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The ideal approach for the treatment of glottal insufficiency remains a challenge for laryngologists. AIM: This experimental study assessed the histological changes and fibrosis caused by autologous fascia lata grafts into the rabbit voice muscle. STUDY DESIGN: A clinical and experimental study. METHODS: A 0.2 × 0.2 cm fragment of autologous fascia lata was grafted into the right voice muscle of 14 adult rabbits. Animals were euthanized 30 or 60 days post-procedure and histology of the excised vocal folds was carried out. RESULTS: No extensive edema, necrosis or foreign body-type reaction was observed at any time. No significant inflammatory reaction or fibrosis was seen at 30 or 60 days. CONCLUSION: The presence of fascia lata in the rabbit voice muscle had no significant influence on inflammation, and does not increase fibrosis. Rabbit voice muscle shows good tolerance to fascia lata grafting.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Histopathological evaluation of urethroplasty with dorsal buccal mucosa: an experimental study in rabbits(Sociedade Brasileira de Urologia, 2008-06-01) Souza, Geovanne F. [UNIFESP]; Calado, Adriano A. [UNIFESP]; Delcelo, Rosana [UNIFESP]; Ortiz, Valdemar [UNIFESP]; Macedo Jr., Antonio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: Buccal mucosa is a widely accepted tissue for urethroplasty. The exact healing and tissue integration process, mainly the histological characteristics of dorsal buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty when used dorsally to reconstruct the urethral plate has not previously been assessed, and thus we developed an experimental model to address this question. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 12 New Zealand rabbits (weight 2.5 kg) we surgically created a dorsal penile urethral defect. A buccal mucosa graft was sutured to the corpora and tunica albuginea, and the ventral urethra anastomosed to this new urethral plate. The animals were divided in three groups and sacrificed 1, 3 and 6 weeks after surgery (groups 1, 2 and 3). A retrograde urethrogram was obtained at autopsy in the last group and the penis analyzed histologically with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's staining. RESULTS: The urethrograms showed no evidence of fistula or stricture. In group 1 the histopathological analysis showed submucosal lymph-mononuclear inflammatory edema, numerous eosinophils and squamous epithelium integrated into the adjacent urothelium. In group 2 there was no evidence of an inflammatory response but rather complete subepithelial hyaline healing, which was more marked in group 3. CONCLUSION: Healing of buccal mucosa grafts to reconstruct the urethral plate can be achieved by total integration of the squamous epithelium with the urothelium, maintaining the original histological properties of the graft with no fibrosis or retraction.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosHydrochlorothiazide abolishes the anti-atherosclerotic effect of quinapril(Blackwell Publishing Asia, 2003-10-01) Fonseca, FAH; Ihara, SSM; Izar, MCO; Silva, E. P.; Kasinski, N.; Lopes, IEL; Pinto, LESA; Paiva, T. B.; Tufik, S.; Paola, AAV de; Carvalho, ACC; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)1. Antihypertensive treatment has been demonstrated to result in persistent reductions in morbidity and mortality due to stroke. However, the coronary risk attributable to hypertension has been only partially reversed. We hypothesized that diuretics could have unfavourable effects on atherosclerosis.2. New Zealand rabbits were fed a 0.5% cholesterol-enriched diet for 12 weeks, followed by a 0.1% cholesterol diet for another 12 weeks. During the last 12 week period, 40 animals were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (i) group I was the control group; (ii) group II received hydrochlorothiazide ( 10 mg/day); (iii) group III received quinapril ( 30 mg/day); and (iv) group IV was treated with hydrochlorothiazide ( 10 mg/day) plus quinapril ( 30 mg/day).3. the treatments did not affect either the lipid profile or serum electrolytes and oxidative stress. However, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in isolated aortic rings was significantly improved with quinapril ( group III) treatment ( P < 0.001 vs other groups). in addition, therapy with quinapril promoted a significant reduction in atherosclerosis ( intima area, intima/media ratio and perimeter of vessel with plaque; P < 0.05 vs other groups), as well as in cholesterol content of the aorta ( P < 0.05 vs groups II and IV).4. in conclusion, hydrochlorothiazide did not modify atherosclerosis and, when added to quinapril treatment, impaired the anti-atherosclerotic effect seen with quinapril alone.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Regeneração pós-traumática do nervo facial em coelhos(ABORL-CCF Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial, 2006-12-01) Costa, Heloisa Juliana Zabeu Rossi; Silva, Ciro Ferreira Da; Korn, Gustavo Polacow [UNIFESP]; Lazarini, Paulo Roberto; Sociedade Brasileira de ORL; FCM Santa Casa de São Paulo Depto. ORL; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Santa Casa de São PauloPosttraumatic facial paralysis is a frequent disease. This work studies posttraumatic regeneration of the facial nerve in rabbits. Functional and histological analysis compared injured and normal nerves on opposite sides. The left facial nerve trunk of twenty rabbits were subjectedto compression lesion, and sacrificed after two (subgroup AL), four (BL) and six (CL) weeks. Comparison between groups was made by analysing total and partial densities of myelinated axons. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Tukey Method (p<0.05). RESULTS:There was partial functional recovery after two weeks, and complete recovery after five weeks. Qualitative analysis demonstrated a degenerative pattern in the AL group, with an increased tissue inflammatory process. Evident regeneration signs were observed in the BL group, and almost complete regeneration was seen in the CL group. Normal nerves (N) had an average TD of 15705.59 and average PD of 21800.75. The BL group had an average TD of 10818.55 and an average PD of 15340.56. The CL group had an average TD of 13920.36 and an average PD of 16589.15. The BL group had an average TD of N equal to 68.88%, and the CL group had an average TD of N equal to 88,63% (statistically significant). N showed a significant higher PD than injured nerves. However, this was not statistically different between BL and CL subgroups. Nerve DT was a more reliable method than PD in this study.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosThe tunica vaginalis dorsal graft urethroplasty: Experimental study in rabbits(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005-08-01) Calado, A. A.; Macedo, A.; Delcelo, R.; Figueiredo, LFP de; Ortiz, V; Srougi, M.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Purpose: We created an experimental model of urethral defect and then repaired it using a tunica vaginalis graft applied on the dorsal surface of the urethra. We studied the histological and radiological characteristics of free tunica vaginalis graft urethroplasty.Materials and Methods: in 20 New Zealand rabbits a dorsal urethral defect was created by excising a portion of the dorsal urethral surface. the tunica vaginalis graft was placed dorsally over the corpora cavernosa and tied with 4 interrupted sutures. the mucosal margin of the urethral defect was sutured to the graft using 6-zero polydioxanone sutures in continuous fashion. the animals were divided into 4 equal groups and were sacrificed 14 days, and 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, respectively. A retrograde urethrogram was done at autopsy. the penis was sent for histological analysis and an experienced pathologist evaluated the severity of acute and chronic inflammation, foreign body reaction and scar formation.Results: There were no deaths related to the procedure and no intraoperative complications. All rabbits voided spontaneously after surgery. Retrograde urethrograms showed no fistula or stricture. As time after surgery increased, the signs of inflammation response disappeared, and the orientation of collagen fibrils and smooth muscle fascicles resembled that of a normal urethra. the mesothelial lining of the tunica vaginalis gradually became replaced by a more stratified epithelial lining, similar to the urothelial lining of the native urethra.Conclusions: in the current study we noted that a tunica vaginalis graft placed dorsally can be a successful urethral substitute in the animal model.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosUso de membrana amniótica para reduzir a formação de aderências em cirurgia de estrabismo: estudo experimental em coelhos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-08-31) Kirsch, David [UNIFESP]; Sato, Elcio Hideo Sato [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Purpose: 1) To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of amniotic membranes in strabismus surgery. 2) To evaluate the effect of amniotic membranes in reducing fibrosis in strabismus surgery. 3) To evaluate the effect of amniotic membranes in reducing adhesion formation and ocular motility restrictions following strabismus surgery. Methods: The study was divided into 2 stages. In the first stage, 20 rabbits underwent superior rectus muscle recession surgery in both eyes. Surgery was performed in the same manner in both eyes, but in the right eye, after the recession, a cryopreserved human amniotic membrane was placed over the muscle without sutures, with the epithelial side facing down and in contact with the sclera. After 15 days, the rabbits were sacrificed, and their orbits were exenterated and evaluated histopathologically to quantify tissue inflammation and fibrosis. In the second stage, 7 rabbits underwent the same procedure but were sacrificed at 30 days. Prior to sacrificing the rabbits, a dynamometer was used to measure the force required to displace all the eyes. Results: In the first group of rabbits, whose eyes were exenterated at 15 days, the eyes with amniotic membranes exhibited an increased inflammatory response and less fibrosis than the control eyes without amniotic membranes. At 30 days, the eyes with amniotic membrane continued to exhibit increased inflammation and less fibrosis than the eyes without amniotic membranes. In the dynamometer test, more force was needed to displace the eye without amniotic membrane after 15 days, but there was no significant difference between the forces required at 30 days. Conclusions: Cryopreserved human amniotic membranes used to treat rabbits led to an increase in the inflammatory process following strabismus surgery but decreased fibrosis formation. At 30 days, there was no notable difference.