Navegando por Palavras-chave "pulmonary function test"

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    Impacto da dpoc na função pulmonar e resultados clínicos após cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio sem circulação extracorpórea
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-06-07) Viceconte, Marcela [UNIFESP]; Guizilini, Solange [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: The aim of this investigation was to analyze the impact and severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on pulmonary function and postoperative clinical outcome based on the Global initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease criteria in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: Patients were allocated into three groups according to presence and severity of COPD: 1) Non- to Mild-COPD group, n=144; 2) Moderate COPD, n=77; and 3) Severe COPD, n=30. Spirometry values were obtained preoperatively and on 2nd and 5th postoperative days. The incidence of pneumonia, reintubation, duration of mechanical ventilation and postoperative length of hospital stay were recorded. Results: A significant impairment in pulmonary function was observed in all groups on 2nd and 5th postoperative days (p<0.05). However, postoperative pulmonary dysfunction were significantly higher in moderate and severe COPD groups compared to non- to mild-COPD group (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that severe COPD was associated with higher risk for prolonged mechanical ventilation, reintubation, pneumonia and delayed hospital discharge. A preoperative forced expiratory volume in first second<60% of the predicted value was associated with poor outcome in the moderate COPD group. A significant negative correlation was found between forced expiratory volume in first second at 5th postoperative day and postoperative length of stay (p=0.0001). Conclusion: COPD severity determined higher impairment in pulmonary function and worse clinical outcomes after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. A preoperative forced expiratory volume in first second<60% of predicted value seems to be an important predictor of postoperative complications.
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    Prolonged Slow Expiration Technique in Infants: Effects on Tidal Volume, Peak Expiratory Flow, and Expiratory Reserve Volume
    (Daedalus Enterprises Inc, 2011-12-01) Lanza, Fernanda de Cordoba [UNIFESP]; Wandalsen, Gustavo [UNIFESP]; Dela Bianca, Ana Caroline [UNIFESP]; Cruz, Carolina Lopes da [UNIFESP]; Postiaux, Guy; Solé, Dirceu [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Grand Hop Charleroi
    BACKGROUND: Prolonged slow expiration (PSE) is a physiotherapy technique often applied in infants to reduce pulmonary obstruction and clear secretions, but there have been few studies of PSE's effects on the respiratory system. OBJECTIVE: To describe PSE's effects on respiratory mechanics in infants. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 18 infants who had histories of recurrent wheezing. the infants were sedated for lung-function testing, which was followed by PSE. the PSE consisted of 3 sequences of prolonged manual thoraco-abdominal compressions during the expiratory phase. We measured peak expiratory flow (PEF), tidal volume (V(T)), and the frequency of sighs during and immediately after PSE. We described the exhaled volume during PSE as a fraction of expiratory reserve volume (%ERV). We quantified ERV with the raised-volume rapid-thoracic-compression technique. RESULTS: the cohort's mean age was 32.2 weeks, and they had an average of 4.8 previous wheezing episodes. During PSE there was significant V(T) reduction (80 +/- 17 mL vs 49 +/- 11 mL, P < .001), no significant change in PEF (149 +/- 32 mL/s vs 150 +/- 32 mL/s, P = .54), and more frequent sighs (40% vs 5%, P = .03), compared to immediately after PSE. the exhaled volume increased in each PSE sequence (32 +/- 18% of ERV, 41 +/- 24% of ERV, and 53 +/- 20% of ERV, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to confirm and quantify that PSE deflates the lung to ERV. PSE caused no changes in PEF, induced sigh breaths, and decreased V(T), which is probably the main mechanical feature for mucus clearance.