Navegando por Palavras-chave "psychotropic drugs"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosDrugs in the Brazilian print media: An exploratory survey of newspaper and magazine stories in the year 2000(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2006-01-01) Noto, Ana Regina; Pinsky, Ilana; De Carvalho Mastroianni, Fabio; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Print media is one of the key factors for defining public opinion and setting public policies regarding drugs. Therefore, surveying its content should provide us with a better understanding of the situation. the few existing surveys on this issue in Brazil point out discrepancies between print media and public health. the objective of the present survey is to enhance the analysis of drug-related stories in the Brazilian print media, based on a new time frame, in the year 2000. Major newspapers and magazines of all Brazilian state capitals have been surveyed throughout year 2000, with 4,669 stories presenting drugs as their main topic. A random sample of 964 stories underwent content analysis. Approximately half the stories (49.6%) dealt with smuggling- and repression-related issues. the remainder of the stories (50.4%) approached health, legislation, and public policy issues. Tobacco was the most widely discussed drug, with stories focusing mainly on damage caused by use and on measures for reducing consumption rates among the population. Articles about cocaine, also featured frequently in the print media, dealt mainly with the issues of drug dealing and of damage caused by cocaine use. Regarding marijuana, in addition to the law enforcement repressive approach, some articles dealt with decriminalization and therapeutic use. Articles about alcoholic beverages, featured less frequently in the print media, approached the subject matter from various angles. the number of stories on solvents and psychotropic medication was negligible. the results confirm discrepancies between print media coverage and epidemiology. They also indicate that each drug is approached differently, allowing for a better understanding of the social climate in Brazil regarding each drug. of all possible social interventions for dealing with the issue repression stands out, whereas stories about treatment and damage reduction are relatively scarce. These findings suggest the need for improved communication between journalists and health professionals.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosFactors associated with antidepressant, anxiolytic, and other psychotropic medication use to treat psychiatric symptoms in the city of São Paulo, Brazil(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014-05-01) Blay, Sergio L. [UNIFESP]; Fillenbaum, Gerda G.; Pitta, Jose C. [UNIFESP]; Peluso, Erica T.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Bandeirante São Paulo; Duke UnivThe objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of adult psychotropic medication use in São Paulo, Brazil. Information on lifetime and 12-month psychotropic medication use, and psychiatric status was obtained from a representative sample of 2000 adults aged 18-65 years in São Paulo, Brazil. Lifetime and 12-month use of psychotropic medications was 16.8 and 7.1%, respectively. of the 22.8% of patients with current psychiatric problems, 29.5% reported lifetime use and 15.8% (5.6% of the sample) reported 12-month use (anxiolytics: 2.7%, antidepressants: 1.8%, alternative medicines: 0.9%, antipsychotics: 0.4%, mood stabilizers: 0.4%, hypnotics: 0.3%; multiple class use occurred). the most frequent prescribers were psychiatrists and general practitioners. Determinants of use included identification as a psychiatric case (four-fold increased odds), being female (three-fold increase), age (4-5% per additional year), and lower odds if married. Education, employment status, and birth in São Paulo were not associated with use. Income did not affect anxiolytic use, but antidepressant and alternative medicine use was associated with higher income. These results show that psychotropic drug use was comparatively low. Only 15.8% of patients with psychiatric problems reported recent psychotropic use. Comparable with other studies, use was greater among women and increased with age.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosHousehold survey on drug abuse in Brazil: Study involving the 107 major cities of the country-2001(Elsevier B.V., 2005-03-01) Galduroz, JCF; Noto, A. R.; Nappo, S. A.; Carlini, E. A.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Ctr Brasileiro Informacoes Sobre Drugas PsicotropThe prevalence of the use in Brazil of illicit drugs, as well as of alcohol and tobacco, was determined. Further, illicit use of psychotropic medicines, and anabolic steroids were also surveyed. This study was carried out in 107 Brazilian cities with more than 200,000 inhabitants aged 12-65 years. the sampling design adopted was that of sampling per aggregates in three stages: first, the census sectors were selected; second, homes were selected among the sectors; finally, in each home, a respondent was selected in a manner independent of the interviewer. There were 8589 persons interviewed. the questionnaire utilized was that of the SAMHSA (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration) which was translated and adapted for Brazilian conditions. the lifetime use of alcohol in the 107 major cities of the country was 68.7%, which was close to numbers observed for Chile at 70.8% and the USA at 81.0%. Yet, tobacco lifetime use was 41.1% of the total, which is lower than the prevalence observed in the USA (70.5%). the data on the lifetime use of marijuana in Brazil (6.9%) approximated the findings for Colombia (5.4%), however, being much lower than that observed in the USA (34.2%) and the United Kingdom (25.0%). the prevalence of lifetime use of cocaine was 2.3%, well below the levels for the USA with 11.2% of the total population. the abuse of inhalants was 5.8% of the total, greater than that found in Colombia (1.4%) and about four times less than that in the United Kingdom with 20.0%. Among the medicaments, stimulants had a 1.5% prevalence of lifetime use, and that of benzodiazepines had similar percentages in Brazil (3.3%) and in the USA (5.8%). in this survey, only four individuals reported lifetime use of heroin, which was equivalent to about 0.04% of the sample and much lower than that in the USA with 1.2% and in Colombia reaching 1.5%. These findings will allow the implementation of public policies fitted to the situation with psychotropic drugs in Brazil. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosNewsmaking on Drugs: A Qualitative Study with Journalism Professionals(Haight-ashbury Publ, 2008-09-01) Mastroianni, Fabio C. [UNIFESP]; Noto, Ana Regina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Drugs are a frequent subject in the news media. Despite the existence of an important dynamic interplay between the print media, public opinion, and public policies, studies on these relationships are still scarce regarding the drug issue. The objective of this study is to understand the newsmaking process regarding drugs from the vantage point of Brazilian journalism professionals. Using qualitative research, semistructured interviews were conducted among an intentional sample of 22 professionals who write news stories and articles about drugs in nationwide news media. Interviewees mentioned illegality and crime as the main factors leading to the production of stories and articles. They claimed that by instilling fear among readers, newspapers and magazines tend to increase their audiences and/or sales. Most interviewees considered the coverage of drugs in Brazil as weak. Main problems reported include lack of knowledge on the subject, and not enough time to prepare the stories. It was concluded that the newsmaking process regarding drugs undergoes a series of interferences that compromise the content of the stories, therefore social strategies are needed in order to improve the quality of the material published in Brazil.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)A religiosidade, a espiritualidade e o consumo de drogas(Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 2007-01-01) Sanchez, Zila van der Meer [UNIFESP]; Nappo, Solange Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Centro Brasileiro de Informações sobre Drogas PsicotrópicasBACKGROUND: Religiosity and spirituality have been clearly identified as strong protective factors against drug use in many levels. OBJECTIVE: The present revision of literature intended to describe the main scientific studies that deal with the role of religiosity in the treatment and prevention of drug use. METHOD: The sources cited in this revision article are indexed in the databases PubMed and Scielo, between 1976 and 2006, treating questions relative to religiosity, spirituality and drug use. RESULTS: Studies have to the evidence that people who regularly attend a religious worship, of any kind, or that give relevant importance to their religious belief, or, still, that they practice daily the proposal of the professed religion, show minor licit and illicit durg use rate. In addition, drug addicts present better recovery rates when their treatment is permeated by a spiritual approach of any origin, when compared to drug addicts who are treated exclusively by conventional medicine. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the strong social assistance role of religions in Brazil, the exploration of this subject in the Brazilian context would be of great relevance for the public health.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosUse of drugs among street children in Brazil(Haight-ashbury Publ, 1997-04-01) Noto, Ana R.; Nappo, Solange A.; Galduroz, José CF; Mattei, Rita; Carlini, Elisaldo A.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The purpose of this study has been to assess drug consumption among children in five Brazilian state capitals during 1993. The sample was composed of street children who were given assistance in institutions, and data was collected by means of anonymous individual interviews. Five hundred sixty five boys and girls were interviewed: 74.3% reported having used drugs (not including alcohol and tobacco) at least once in their life. Solvents, followed by marijuana, were the most cited drugs. important regional differences were observed concerning other drugs. Consumption of cocaine, including crack, seems restricted to the southeast region, whereas psychotropic medication was consumed more in the northeast of the country. Drug initiation among these children seems to be a consequence of street life and is part of their group lifestyle.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Uso de drogas psicotrópicas no Brasil: pesquisa domiciliar envolvendo as 107 maiores cidades do país - 2001(Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo, 2005-10-01) Galduróz, José Carlos Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Noto, Ana Regina [UNIFESP]; Nappo, Solange Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Carlini, Elisaldo Araujo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The objective was to estimate the prevalence of the use of drugs, alcohol, tobacco and the use of non-medical psychotropics. This study enclosed the 107 biggest cities in Brazil; sample: ages between 12 and 65 years. Sampling in three periods: tax sectors; household and the respondent. Were interviewed 8,589 people. The lifetime use of the alcohol was 68.7%, closer to 70.8% in Chile. The lifetime use of the tobacco was of 41.1%, lower than U.S.A. (70.5%). The lifetime use of the marijuana was of 6.9% closer to Colombia (5.4%) and lower than U.S.A. (34.2%). The lifetime use of the cocaine was 2.3%, lower than U.S.A. (11.2%). The lifetime use of solvent was of 5.8%, much lower than the United Kingdom (20.0%). The stimulants have had 1.5% of lifetime use and the anxiolytics with 3.3%. These findings will allow the implantation of adjusted public politics to our reality in the field of the psychotropics drugs.