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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Anatomopathological characterization of placentas from HIV+ patients associated with p24 expression(Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia ClínicaSociedade Brasileira de PatologiaSociedade Brasileira de Citopatologia, 2013-12-01) López, Consuelo Lozoya; Pires, Andréa Rodrigues Cordovil; Fonseca, Eliene Carvalho De; Rodrigues, Fabiana Resende; Braga Neto, Antônio Rodrigues; Herdy, Gesmar Volga Haddad; Vasques, Flávio Augusto Prado [UNIFESP]; Lopes, Vania Gloria Silami; Universidade Federal Fluminense; UFF Pathology; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Cellular and Molecular Biology; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cardiology; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)INTRODUCTION: The study of placentas from pregnant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive women has become the subject of numerous studies in the literature. Morphological, viral, immune and inflammatory placental aspects have been analyzed in order to grasp the vertical transmission of the virus. OBJECTIVE: To identify the most frequent findings in the placentas by associating them with a viral antigen and correlating them with the infection of newborns. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-five placentas from HIV- positive pregnant women were pathologically and immunohistochemically analyzed with the use of p24 antibody in the period from 1992 to1997 in accordance with the routine laboratory testing from the Anatomopathological Department - Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro - Universidade Federal Fluminense (APD/HUAP/UFF). RESULTS: The microscopic alterations detected in all cases, including those with vertical transmission, were arteriopathy in the fetal blood circulation, chorioamnionitis, perivillous fibrin deposition, syncytial knotting, villous edema and villous immaturity. No specific macroscopic or histopathological changes were found in these placentas. The neonatal infection was observed in five cases. Vertical transmission was identified in two out of five placentas that had low weight for the respective stage of pregnancy. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed 14 positive cases, two of which showed vertical transmission. The viral protein was not identified in 10 out of 14 placentas from patients who had been medicated with zidovudine (AZT). CONCLUSION: Our study has contributed to the anatomopathological investigation into placentas from HIV-positive patients, although p24 expression per se did not allow a definite and early diagnosis of the vertical transmission.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosBcl-2 and Bax expressions in pre-term, term and post-term placentas(Wiley-Blackwell, 2008-08-01) Daher, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Guimaraes, Alberto Jorge de Sousa [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; Ishigai, Marcia Marcelino de Souza [UNIFESP]; Barreiro, Erica Giovana [UNIFESP]; Bevilacqua, Estela Maris Andrade Forell [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)ProblemPlacental apoptosis-associated protein imbalance might contribute to the pathogenesis of pre- and post-term birth. Therefore, we evaluated the expression and distribution of pro-apoptotic (Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) molecules in term, pre-term and post-term placentas.Method of StudyPlacental samples were collected from women with term (n = 25), pre-term (n = 7) and post-term (n = 10) deliveries. the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was assessed by immunochemistry on paraffin-embedded placental specimens.ResultsThe pattern of immunostaining for Bcl-2 and Bax was the same in all samples, but not the intensity. the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was higher in both pre-term and post-term placental samples compared with term placentas as a result of intense reactivity for the pro-apoptotic factor, Bax in pre-term and post-term placentas and, for Bcl-2 decrease in pre-term placentas.ConclusionThese findings suggest that different unbalance mechanisms in placental apoptotic-associated protein expressions may be involved in the physiopathology of pre-term and post-term births.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosComparison of placental volume in early pregnancy using multiplanar and VOCAL methods(W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2008-03-01) Nowak, P. M. [UNIFESP]; Nardozza, L. M. M. [UNIFESP]; Araujo, E. [UNIFESP]; Rolo, L. C. [UNIFESP]; Moron, A. F. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)In this study we aimed to compare the-multiplanar and VOCAL (Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis) methods in the evaluation of placental volume during the first trimester of pregnancy. This was a prospective cross-sectional study involving 37 pregnant women between 7 and 10 weeks of gestation. All volumetric measurements were performed by a single examiner using an endocavitary volumetric probe (3D5-8EK). Placental volume was measured on three-dimensional ultrasound by the VOCAL method using 12 degrees and 30 degrees rotational angles and by the multiplanar method using sequential sections of the placenta obtained at intervals of 1.0 mm. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used to evaluate the relation between placental volume and gestational age. the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), paired Student's t-test (P) and Bland-Altman plot were used to compare both methods. There was a strong correlation between placental volume and gestational age (r = 0.791 for VOCAL 12 degrees, r = 0.801 for VOCAL 30 degrees and r = 0.783 for multiplanar). There was a strong correlation between placental volume measured by the VOCAL 12 degrees and the VOCAL 30 degrees (ICC = 0.994, confidence interval [0.998; 0.997]) and the multiplanar methods (ICC = 0.991, confidence interval [0.983; 0.995]). First trimester placental volume measurements obtained using the multiplanar and VOCAL methods are concordant. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosCompartmentalization of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in renal-transplanted pregnant women(Informa Healthcare, 2013-10-01) Correa-Silva, Simone; Prado, Karen Matias do; Oliveira, Leandro Gustavo [UNIFESP]; Ono, Erica [UNIFESP]; Saraiva Camara, Niels Olsen; Bevilacqua, Estela; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); UNESP São Paulo State Univ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: We evaluated whether chronic exposure to immunosuppression in transplant recipients modulate the placental inflammatory cytokine levels associated to gestational tolerance mechanisms.Methods: Serum samples were collected from 12 renal transplanted pregnant under immunosuppressive regimen treatment and 10 healthy women in second/third trimester of gestation. Term placental tissues (decidua and chorionic villi) were also obtained after elective caesarean. Serum IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70 and TNF-alpha were measured, as also in placental homogenates, by Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) combined with flow cytometry and, TGF-beta and IL-18 were measured by ELISA.Results: Serum levels of IL-6 (p = 0.0001) and TNF-alpha (0.0112) were higher in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and in decidua the spectrum of increased pro inflammatory cytokines was wider: IL-1 beta (p = 0.0001), IL-6 (p = 0.0001), IL-8 (p = 0.0001), IL-12p70 (p = 0.0001), TGF-beta (p = 0.0089) and TNF-alpha (p = 0.0002). TGF-beta 1 was particularly increased in decidual compartment (p = 0.001). in the chorionic villous, pro inflammatory profile also were maintained. High IL-1 beta (p = 0.0001), IL-6 (p = 0.0001), IL-8 (p = 0.0001) and TNF-alpha (p = 0.0001) levels establish a similar pattern to that seem in decidua.Conclusion: Immunosuppressors may impair the immune response, but when associated with pregnancy the cytokine levels seems to shift a proinflammatory profile in placental compartments, which might also impact on the gestational outcomes in transplanted mothers.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEffects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on fetal and placental development in an experimental model of placental insufficiency(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Guimaraes, Camila S. O.; Gomes, Bruno B. F.; Oliveira, Rafael A.; Yamamoto, Leandro R.; Rocha, Laura P.; Gloria, Maria A. [UNIFESP]; Machado, Juliana R.; Camara, Niels O. S. [UNIFESP]; Reis, Marlene A.; Correa, Rosana R. M.Objective: To elucidate the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in pregnancies with placental insufficiency.Methods: Pregnant rats were subjected to uterine artery ligation and to TENS according to the following groups: ligated stimulated (LS); ligated non-stimulated (LN), control stimulated (CS); and control non-stimulated (CN). Fetal external measurements, such as crown-rump length (CRL), fronto-occipital distance (FOD), thoracic ventral-dorsal (TVDD) and abdominal ventral-dorsal (AVDD) distances were analyzed together with the area occupied by fetal internal organs. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in fetal organs. Thickness of junctional, labyrinth and intermediate placental zones was analyzed by morphometric evaluation in HE-stained slides, and placental hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alfa expression was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: In LN and CS groups compared to the CN group, CRL was reduced (27.51/28.95 versus 30.16mm), as well as FOD (6.63/6.63 versus 7.36mm), AVDD (7.38/8.00 versus 8.61mm) and TVDD (6.46/6.87 versus 7.23mm). Brain GLUT-1 expression was higher in LS (1.3%) and CS (1.8%). The area occupied by placental vessels in the labyrinth zone (29.673.51 versus 20.83 +/- 7.63) and intermediate zone (26.46 +/- 10.21 versus 10.86 +/- 8.94) was larger in the LS group than in the LN group.Conclusions: Our results suggest a negative effect of TENS on placental development, thus compromising the maintenance of adequate blood flow to the fetus.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEffects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on fetal and placental development in an experimental model of placental insufficiency(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Guimaraes, Camila S. O.; Gomes, Bruno B. F.; Oliveira, Rafael A.; Yamamoto, Leandro R.; Rocha, Laura P.; Gloria, Maria A. [UNIFESP]; Machado, Juliana R.; Camara, Niels O. S. [UNIFESP]; Reis, Marlene A.; Correa, Rosana R. M.Objective: To elucidate the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in pregnancies with placental insufficiency.Methods: Pregnant rats were subjected to uterine artery ligation and to TENS according to the following groups: ligated stimulated (LS); ligated non-stimulated (LN), control stimulated (CS); and control non-stimulated (CN). Fetal external measurements, such as crown-rump length (CRL), fronto-occipital distance (FOD), thoracic ventral-dorsal (TVDD) and abdominal ventral-dorsal (AVDD) distances were analyzed together with the area occupied by fetal internal organs. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in fetal organs. Thickness of junctional, labyrinth and intermediate placental zones was analyzed by morphometric evaluation in HE-stained slides, and placental hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alfa expression was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: In LN and CS groups compared to the CN group, CRL was reduced (27.51/28.95 versus 30.16mm), as well as FOD (6.63/6.63 versus 7.36mm), AVDD (7.38/8.00 versus 8.61mm) and TVDD (6.46/6.87 versus 7.23mm). Brain GLUT-1 expression was higher in LS (1.3%) and CS (1.8%). The area occupied by placental vessels in the labyrinth zone (29.673.51 versus 20.83 +/- 7.63) and intermediate zone (26.46 +/- 10.21 versus 10.86 +/- 8.94) was larger in the LS group than in the LN group.Conclusions: Our results suggest a negative effect of TENS on placental development, thus compromising the maintenance of adequate blood flow to the fetus.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosGestational tissue inflammatory biomarkers at term labor: Asystematic review of literature(Wiley, 2018) Hadley, Emily E.; Richardson, Lauren S.; Torloni, Maria R. [UNIFESP]; Menon, RamkumarParturition at term is characterized by inflammatory overload in both feto-maternal tissues. Despite the large number of individual studies on changes in inflammatory biomarkers linked to labor, a comprehensive profile of them in each of the uterine compartments is not available to better understand their mechanistic contributions to labor. This systematic review investigated the pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers reported in intra-uterine tissues (amnion, chorion, decidua, placenta, and myometrium) at term labor. We conducted a systematic review of studies on pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers (mRNA and/or protein) reported in feto-maternal tissues during normal human term labor, published in English (1980-2016), in 3 electronic data bases. From a total of 3712 citations, 172 were included for final review. Each tissue expresses a unique set of biomarkers at the time of term labor, but there is significant overlap between tissues. All tissues had IL-6, IL-8, IL-1, COX-2, PGE-2, TNF-, and hCAP18 in common at term labor. Common and unique inflammatory biomarkers are expressed in various feto-maternal compartments at term labor. Increase in pro-inflammatory markers in all gestational tissue signifies their harmonious functional role in promoting labor. Anti-inflammatory markers at term labor are hardly reported.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosLow birth weight in response to salt restriction during pregnancy is not due to alterations in uterine-placental blood flow or the placental and peripheral renin-angiotensin system(Elsevier B.V., 2008-09-03) Leandro, Sandra Marcia; Shinohara Furukawa, Luzia Naoko; Massola Shimizu, Maria Heloisa; Casarini, Dulce Elena [UNIFESP]; Seguro, Antonio Carlos; Patriarca, Giuliana; Coelho, Michella Soares; Dolnikoff, Miriam Sterman [UNIFESP]; Heimann, Joel Claudio; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)A number of studies conducted in humans and in animals have observed that events occurring early in life are associated with the development of diseases in adulthood. Salt overload and restriction during pregnancy and lactation are responsible for functional (hemodynamic and hormonal) and structural alterations in adult offspring. Our group observed that lower birth weight and insulin resistance in adulthood is associated with salt restriction during pregnancy On the other hand, perinatal salt overload is associated with higher blood pressure and higher renal angiotensin II content in adult offspring. Therefore, we hypothesised that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) function is altered by changes in sodium intake during pregnancy. Such changes may influence fetoplacental blood flow and thereby fetal nutrient supply, with effects on growth in utero and, consequently, on birth weight. Female Wistar rats were fed low-salt (LS), normal-salt (NS), or high-salt (HS) diet, starting before conception and continuing until day 19 of pregnancy, Blood pressure, heart rate, fetuses and dams' body weight, placentae weight and litter size were measured on day 19 of pregnancy. Cardiac output, uterine and placental blood flow were also determined on day 19. Expressions of renin-angiotensin system components and of the TNF-alpha gene were evaluated in the placentae. Plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma and tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, as well as plasma and placental levels of angiotensins I, II, and 1-7 were measured. Body weight and kidney mass were greater in HS than in NS and LS dams. Food intake did not differ among the maternal groups. Placental weight was lower in LS dams than in NS and HS dams. Fetal weight was lower in the US group than in the NS and HS groups. the PRA was greater in IS dams than in NS and HS dams, although ACE activity (serum, cardiac, renal, and placental) was unaffected by the level of sodium intake. Placental levels of angiotensins I and II were lower in the HS group than in the ISIS and IS groups. Placental angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT(1)) gene expression and levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were higher in HS dams, as were uterine blood flow and cardiac output. the degree of salt intake did not influence plasma sodium, potassium or creatinine. Although fractional sodium excretion was higher in HS dams than in NS and LS dams, fractional potassium excretion was unchanged. in conclusion, findings from this study indicate that the reduction in fetal weight in response to salt restriction during pregnancy does not involve alterations in uterine-placental perfusion or the RAS. Moreover, no change in fetal weight is observed in response to salt overload during pregnancy. However, salt overload did lead to an increase in placental weight and uterine blood flow associated with alterations in maternal plasma and placental RAS. Therefore, these findings indicate that changes in salt intake during pregnancy lead to alterations in uterine-placental perfusion and fetal growth. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosMorphological and biochemical action of dipyrone on rat placenta(Elsevier B.V., 1996-04-01) Espiridião, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, R. M.; Doine, A.; Simoes, M. J.; Focchi, GRA; Neto, J. E.; Kopelman, B. I.; Kulay Júnior, Luiz [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)1. the morphological and biochemical action of dipyrone (N-[2,3-dimethyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-4-yl] methylamino methanesulfonate, sodium monohydrate) on the placenta of albino rats was studied by means of karyometry of trophoblastic giant cells and by determinations of DNA, RNA and total protein contents.2. the animals were treated with a single daily dose of 50 mg/kg body weight during 5 different periods: from the 9th to the 12th, 11th to the 14th, 13th to the 16th, 15th to the 18th or 17th to the 20th day of pregnancy,3. Karyometric results showed that the nuclear volumes of placental cells in rats treated with dipyrone during the first 3 periods were significantly greater than in control animals and that, closer to term, no differences were observed in this regard. Only the animals treated from the 9th to the 12th day of pregnancy had higher placental contents of DNA, RNA and protein than the corresponding controls.4. Our results showed that dipyrone had a blocking effect on placental cell division which occurs mainly in the initial steps of placental development.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPlacenta: angiogenesis and vascular assessment through three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography(Springer, 2008-03-01) Guimaraes Filho, Helio Antonio [UNIFESP]; Dias da Costa, Lavoisier Linhares; Araujo, Edward [UNIFESP]; Machado Nardozza, Luciano Marcondes [UNIFESP]; Nowak, Paulo Martin [UNIFESP]; Moron, Antonio Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; Pires, Claudio Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; ECOCLINICA; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The placenta is fundamental for fetal development. It combines the functions of an endocrine organ, kidneys, lungs and intestines, purifying catabolites, oxygenating and nourishing the conceptus. Its fetal portion is the largest part develops from the chorionic sac. the maternal portion, which is smaller, is originated in the endometrium, more specifically in the decidua basalis. the placenta starts its function closer to the fourth week of gestation, when anatomical arrangements for the physiological exchanges are already established. the circulatory function of the placenta appears at an early stage of embryo-placental development and it is strongly related to fetal growth, to the placental size and to uterine and umbilical blood flows. Therefore, an adequate placental angiogenesis is critical for the establishment of a normal placental vascularization with consequent normal development of the fetus. in this review article, the authors discuss about placental ontogeny, focusing on the main aspects of its normal development, and about the recent advances in ultrasonography for the study of the vascular architecture of the placenta through three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosRelationship between hypoxia and downstream pathogenic pathways in preeclampsia(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2017) Korkes, Henri Augusto [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Leandro Gustavo de [UNIFESP]; Sass, Nelson [UNIFESP]; Salahuddin, Saira; Karumanchi, S. Ananth; Rajakumar, AugustineDefects in angiogenesis and mitochondrial function in the placenta contribute to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Retrovírus Endógenos Humanos como moduladores do ambiente intracelular: alterações na expressão de citocinas e outros fatores em células de linhagens placentárias infectadas com Zika vírus(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-11-07) Brito, Thamires Prolo de [UNIFESP]; Janini, Luiz Mário Ramos [UNIFESP]; Maricato, Juliana Terzi [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5713863164263481; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1711205909364420O Zika vírus (ZIKV) é um flavivírus cuja transmissão ocorre, principalmente, através de um vetor artrópode, sendo, por tanto, um arbovírus. O ZIKV foi descoberto e isolado em Uganda, em 1947 (linhagem MR766), mas somente sessenta anos após sua descoberta, o ZIKV despertou maior interesse médico e epidemiológico, devido a um surto no norte do Pacífico, o que viabilizou novos estudos sobre as relações filogenéticas entre os ZIKVs que circulavam entre as regiões asiáticas e africanas. No final de 2014, o ZIKV causou epidemia no Nordeste, e houve coincidente aumento expressivo no número de casos de microcefalia na região. Estudos verificaram que o isolado viral causador era de origem asiática através de estudos, como o do Instituto Evandro Chagas, que pode isolar o vírus (IEC) de um caso de óbito fetal. Ao longo da gravidez, o ZIKV pode ultrapassar a barreira materno-fetal e, atingir o feto. Nessa barreira estão expressos retrovírus endógenos (ERVs), que apesar de não produzirem novas partículas virais em consequência de eventos evolutivos, essas sequências retrovirais endógenas podem ser reativadas em diferentes circunstâncias. Em placentas humanas, são expressos os retrovírus endógenos humanos (HERV)-W, FRD e ERV3, que desempenham funções crucias no desenvolvimento placentário, por meio das suas proteínas funcionais sincitina-1 e 2, ou atividades imunossupressoras responsáveis pela tolerância materno-fetal. Alterações na expressão dessas proteínas retrovirais endógenas parecem estar relacionadas a complicações placentárias como pré-eclâmpsia. Estudos demonstraram que a infecção por ZIKV modifica o perfil inflamatório do microambiente placentário, alterações que podem ser capazes influenciar na homeostase local, perturbar o desenvolvimento fetal e a progressão da gravidez. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a relação entre ZIKVs-HERVs. Sendo assim, esse estudo teve como objetivo verificar a expressão dos HERVs, em células de linhagens placentárias, mediante a infecção por ZIKV com a utilização dos isolados MR766 e IEC. Ainda, as células foram tratadas com RNAs de interferência (siRNA) direcionados para região envelope (env) dos alvos HERV-W, FRD e ERV3, para identificar se a interferência transcricional dessas sequências afetaria também a expressão do painel de genes de interleucinas e fatores de estudo. Identificamos expressão diferencial nas condições tratadas com siRNAs e não tratadas, quando infectadas com os diferentes isolados. Ainda, houve expressão diferencial em genes de interleucinas e fatores de transcrição. Através de nossos resultados, podemos inferir que além da infecção por ambos os isolados de ZIKV, o estresse celular mediado por transfecção celular também parece modular diferentemente os genes estudados, em cada célula de linhagem placentária (BeWo e HTR8). Ademais, nossos resultados revelaram que é possível inferir que além da infecção por ambos os isolados de ZIKV, o estresse celular mediado por transfecção celular também parece modular diferentemente os genes estudados, em cada célula de linhagem placentária.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSoluble Fas antigen in term labour(Elsevier B.V., 2006-10-01) Daher, S.; Moreira, J. R.; Dalboni, Maria Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Guimaraes, A. J.; Bevilacqua, E.; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
- ItemSomente MetadadadosThree-dimensional Doppler evaluation of single spherical samples from the placenta: intra- and interobserver reliability(Wiley-Blackwell, 2012-08-01) Martins, W. P.; Lima, J. C.; Welsh, A. W.; Araujo Junior, Edward [UNIFESP]; Miyague, A. H.; Filho, F. M.; Raine-Fenning, N. J.; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Escola Ultra Sonografia Reciclagem Med Ribeirao P; INCT Hormonios & Saude Mulher; Univ New S Wales; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ NottinghamObjective To evaluate the intra- and interobserver reliability of assessment of three-dimensional power Doppler (3D-PD) indices from single spherical samples of the placenta. Methods Women with singleton pregnancies at 2440 weeks' gestation were included. Three scans were independently performed by two observers; Observer 1 performed the first and third scan, intercalated by the scan of Observer 2. the observers independently analyzed the 3D-PD datasets that they had previously acquired using four different methods, each using a spherical sample: random sample extending from basal to chorionic plate; random sample with 2 cm3 of volume; directed sample to the region subjectively determined as containing more color Doppler signals extending from basal to chorionic plate; or directed sample with 2 cm3 of volume. the vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI) were evaluated in each case. the observers were blinded to their own and each other's results. Additional evaluation was performed according to placental location: anterior, posterior and fundal or lateral. Intra- and interobserver reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results Ninety-five pregnancies were included in the analysis. All three placental 3D-PD indices showed only weak to moderate reliability (ICC < 0.66 and ICC < 0.48, intra- and interobserver, respectively). the highest values of ICC were observed when using directed spherical samples from basal to chorionic plate. When analyzed by placental location, we found lower ICCs for lateral and fundal placentae compared to anterior and posterior ones. Conclusion Intra- and interobserver reliability of assessment of placental 3D-PD indices from single spherical samples in pregnant women greater than 24 weeks' gestation is poor to moderate, and clinical usefulness of these indices is likely to be limited. Copyright (c) 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosThree-dimensional power Doppler placental vascularisation indices in early pregnancy: A pilot study(Informa Healthcare, 2011-05-01) Araujo Junior, E. [UNIFESP]; Nardozza, L. M. M. [UNIFESP]; Nowak, P. M. [UNIFESP]; Rolo, L. C. [UNIFESP]; Guimaraes Filho, H. A. [UNIFESP]; Moron, A. F. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The objective of our study was to assess 1st trimester placental vascularisation using three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler vascular indices. A cross-sectional study was used involving 41 normal pregnancies from 7 to 10 + 6 weeks. Placental volume was obtained using the 30 degrees virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) method. the mean, median, standard deviation (SD), minimum and maximum values were calculated for three vascular indices: the VI, vascularisation index; the FI, flow index and the VFI, vascularisation and flow index. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used to assess the correlation between vascular indices and crown-rump length (CRL). Our results showed mean (+/- SD) values ranged from 8.66 +/- 12.04 to 15.34 +/- 13.89 for the VI, from 63.83 +/- 43.61 to 109.22 +/- 33.87 for the FI and from 9.52 +/- 13.86 to 20.59 +/- 22.97 for the VFI. There was no correlation between CRL and VI (r = 0.073, p = 0.630) nor VFI (r = 0.147 and p = 0.037); there was a weak correlation between CRL and FI (r = 0.332, p = 0.037). It was concluded that the FI was the only 3D power Doppler vascular index that was correlated with CRL between 7 and 10 + 6 weeks' gestation.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosTransfer of IgG subclasses across placenta in term and preterm newborns(Assoc Bras Divulg Cientifica, 1996-02-01) Costa Carvalho, B. T.; Vieira, H. M.; Dimantas, RBR; Arslanian, C.; Naspitz, Charles Kirov [UNIFESP]; Solé, Dirceu [UNIFESP]; CarneiroSampaio, MMS; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)In order to study placental transfer of IgG subclasses, paired blood samples were collected from mothers and umbilical cord of preterm (N = 69) and full-term (N = 68) newborns. The full-term group was further divided into 3 subgroups: appropriate for gestational age (AGA, N = 43), large for gestational age (LGA, N = 13) and small for gestational age (SGA, N = 12), according to birth weight. IgC subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4) were measured by the single radial immunodiffusion technique using monoclonal antibodies. IgG1 and IgG3 newborn subclass concentrations (10.17 and 0.57 g/l, respectively) increased with increasing gestational age and reached maternal levels (IgG1 = 8.86; IgG3 = 0.67 g/l) during the 37th week of pregnancy. Low levels of these subclasses were found in premature newborns. IgG2 from newborns were always lower than maternal levels (P<0.05). LGA and SGA newborns had equivalent levels of IgG1 and IgG2 compared with AGA. SGA newborns had higher levels of lgG3 and lower levels of IgG4 than LGA and AGA newborns.