Navegando por Palavras-chave "immune system"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosAltered neutrophil homeostasis in kinin B1 receptor-deficient mice(Walter de Gruyter & Co, 2001-01-01) Araujo, R. C.; Kettritz, R.; Fichtner, I; Paiva, ACM; Pesquero, J. B.; Bader, M.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Max Delbruck Ctr Mol MedThe kallikrein-kinin system is activated during inflammation and plays a major role in the inflammatory process. One of the main mechanisms of kinin action includes the modulation of neutrophil function employing both receptors for kinins, B1 and B2, in this report we show by the use of B1 receptor-deficient mice that neutrophil migration in inflamed tissues is dependent on kinin B1 receptors, However, there is no change in circulating leukocyte number and composition after genetic ablation of this receptor. Furthermore, apoptosis of neutrophils necessary for the resolution of persistent inflammatory processes is impaired in mice lacking the B1 receptor. We also show that this receptor is expressed on neutrophils, thus it may be directly involved in the induction of apoptosis in these cells after prolonged activation at inflamed sites. in conclusion, our data show that the kinin B1 receptor modulates migration and the life span of neutrophils at sites of inflammation and may be therefore an important drug target in the therapy of inflammatory diseases.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Carbohydrate Supplementation Influences Serum Cytokines after Exercise under Hypoxic Conditions(Mdpi Ag, 2016) Caris, Aline Venticinque [UNIFESP]; Silva, Edgar Tavares da [UNIFESP]; Santos, Samile Amorim dos [UNIFESP]; Lira, Fabio Santos; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Santos, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli dos [UNIFESP]Introduction: Exercise performed at the hypoxia equivalent of an altitude of 4200 m is associated with elevated inflammatory mediators and changes in the Th1/Th2 response. By contrast, supplementation with carbohydrates has an anti-inflammatory effect when exercise is performed under normoxic conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of carbohydrate supplementation on cytokines and cellular damage markers after exercise under hypoxic conditions at a simulated altitude of 4200 m. Methods: Seven adult male volunteers who exercised for 60 min at an intensity of 50% VO2Peak were randomly evaluated under three distinct conditions
- ItemSomente MetadadadosChildhood maltreatment and inflammatory markers: a systematic review(Wiley-Blackwell, 2014-03-01) Coelho, R.; Viola, T. W.; Walss-Bass, C.; Brietzke, E. [UNIFESP]; Grassi-Oliveira, R.; Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio Grande Sul PUCRS; Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)ObjectiveChildhood maltreatment (CM) has been associated with several diseases in adult life, including diabetes, obesity and mental disorders. Inflammatory conditions have been postulated as possible mediators of this relationship. the aim was to conduct a systematic review regarding the association between CM and inflammatory markers in adulthood.MethodA literature search of the PubMed, ISI, EMBASE and PsychINFO databases was conducted. the key terms used were as follows: Child Maltreatment', Childhood Trauma', Early Life Stress', Psychological Stress', Emotional Stress', Child Abuse' and Child Neglect'. They were cross-referenced separately with the terms: C-reactive Protein (CRP)', Tumor Necrosis Factor', Cytokine', Interleukin', Inflammatory' and Inflammation'.ResultsTwenty articles remained in the review after exclusion criteria were applied. Studies showed that a history of CM was associated with increased levels of CRP, fibrinogen and proinflammatory cytokines. Increased levels of circulating CRP in individuals with a history of CM were the most robust finding among the studies. Data about anti-inflammatory mediators are still few and inconsistent.ConclusionChildhood maltreatment is associated with a chronic inflammatory state independent of clinical comorbidities. However, studies are heterogeneous regarding CM assessment and definition. Important methodological improvements are needed to better understand the potential impact of CM on inflammatory response.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeitos da privação de sono paradoxal sobre a implantação e a progressão de metástases experimentais em modelo de melanoma murino(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-04-30) Marchioro, Laís de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Deprivation of REM sleep (PSP) is a stress induction model because it results in a increased concentrations of glucocorticoids (GCs) in humans (cortisol) and rodents (corticosterone) and others neurotransmitters stress-response-related via activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is able to produce many disorders resulting from prolonged and/or increased secretion of these hormones. Stress is associated with functional reduction of cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells (NK), processes such as immune surveillance against tumors, the mainly role performed by these populations, genomic stability mechanisms and somatic mutations are affected. Thus, persistent activation of the HPA axis by sleep deprivation (PS) may contribute to the development and progression of some cancers. Melanoma is considered one of the hightest type of angiogenic and aggressive cancers in the world and remains in the lead of deaths from skin cancer in industrialized countries. It has a high capacity to escape from mechanisms that protect the body against it and has a high affinity for vital organs like lungs, liver and brain. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of PSP in the development of melanoma lung metastases and the immunological mechanisms involved in the development of this cancer. Therefore, C57BL/6 male mice were inoculated with B16F10 melanoma murine strain cells and subjected to PSP protocol for 72 h after inoculation. Starting at day 8 until day 15 postinoculation, established through pilot experiments the will be show in sequence, the monitoring of metastasis and pulmonary immune populations and the analysis of pulmonary production of interferon gamma (IFN- ?), the main pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in inflammatory processes, and the functional activity of T cells began. Mice from the PSP group had decreased of lung metastases in all the days of evaluation when compared to the control group (CTL), a higher percentage of NK cells and higher concentrations of IFN-?. NK cells are an essential population of killer cells against mutagenic processes and it was the mainly responsible for the restraining metastases in the PSP group showed here. In addition, mice of the CTL group showed a higher percentage of CD8 + CD25 + Foxp3 + lymphocytes (T8reg), which indicated a process of "immune brake" in those animals that had released of metastases. Together, the results point to an important role of NK cells, stimulated by a stressor, presented in greater quantities in the tumor microenvironment of PSP animals.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosImmune alterations after selective rapid eye movement or total sleep deprivation in healthy male volunteers(Sage Publications Ltd, 2012-02-01) Ruiz, Francieli S.; Andersen, Monica L. [UNIFESP]; Martins, Raquel C. S.; Zager, Adriano; Lopes, Jose D.; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)We investigated the impact of two nights of total sleep deprivation (SD) or four nights of rapid eye movement (REM) SD on immunological parameters in healthy men. Thirty-two volunteers were randomly assigned to three protocols (control, total SD or REM SD). Both SD protocols were followed by three nights of sleep recovery. the control and REM SD groups had regular nights of sleep monitored by polysomnography. Circulating white blood cells (WBCs), T-(CD4/ CD8) and B-lymphocytes, Ig classes, complement and cytokine levels were assessed daily. Two nights of total SD increased the numbers of leukocytes and neutrophils compared with baseline levels, and these levels returned to baseline after 24 h of sleep recovery. the CD4(+) T-cells increased during the total SD period (one and two nights) and IgA levels decreased during the entire period of REM SD. These levels did not return to baseline after three nights of sleep recovery. Levels of monocytes, eosinophils, basophils and cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma) remained unchanged by both protocols of SD. Our findings suggest that both protocols affected the human immune profile, although in different parameters, and that CD4(+) T-cells and IgA levels were not re-established after sleep recovery.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosInfluence of sleep deprivation and morphine on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in skin of hairless mice(Informa Healthcare, 2012-10-01) Egydio, Flavia [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki [UNIFESP]; Noguti, Juliana [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Andersen, Monica Levy [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Skin performs a host of primordial functions that keep the body alive. Morphine is a drug with immunosuppressant properties whose chronic use may lead to increased infection and delayed wound healing. Sleep is a fundamental biological phenomenon that promotes the integrity of several bodily functions. Sleep deprivation adversely affects several systems, particularly the immune system. the aim of this study was to perform an immunohistochemical evaluation on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in skin of sleep-deprived mice and mice chronically treated with morphine. Adult hairless male mice were distributed into the following groups: Control, morphine, sleep-deprived, and morphine + SD. Morphine (10 mg/kg, subcutaneous) was injected every 12 h for 9 days. Morphine induced immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 and nitric oxide synthase. Sleep deprivation did not modulate outcomes induced by morphine. Morphine, not sleep loss, induces cyclooxygenase-2 and nitric oxide synthase immunoexpression in the skin of hairless mice.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosIxodidin, a novel antimicrobial peptide from the hemocytes of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus with inhibitory activity against serine proteinases(Elsevier B.V., 2006-04-01) Fogaca, A. C.; Almeida, I. C.; Eberlin, M. N.; Tanaka, A. S.; Bulet, P.; Daffre, S.; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Atheris LabsThe presence of an effective immune response in the hemocoel of arthropods is essential for survival as it prevents the invasion of pathogens throughout the animal body. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play an important role in this response by rapidly killing invading microorganisms. in this study, a novel cysteine-rich AMP has been isolated and characterized from the hemocytes of the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. in addition to growth inhibition of Escherichia coli and Micrococcus luteus, the newly described AMP, designated ixodidin (derived from the Family Ixodidae), was found to exert proteolytic inhibitory activity against two exogenous serine proteinases, elastase and chymotrypsin. This is the first report of a molecule of an arachnid that has been shown to inhibit bacterial growth and proteinase activity. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Prebióticos, probióticos e simbióticos na prevenção e tratamento das doenças alérgicas(Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo, 2010-03-01) Souza, Fabíola Suano [UNIFESP]; Cocco, Renata Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; Sarni, Roseli Oselka Saccardo [UNIFESP]; Mallozi, Marcia Carvalho [UNIFESP]; Solé, Dirceu [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Fundação Faculdade de Medicina do ABC Disciplina de PediatriaOBJECTIVE: To review current evidence about the effects of probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics on the immune development as well as on the prevention of allergic diseases in children. DATA SOURCES: Randomized, double-blind clinical trials in humans published in the last five years, in the Medline database, containing the following keywords: prebiotics (oligosaccharides), probiotics, symbiotics and hypersensitivity. DATA SYNTHESIS: For this review three papers with prebiotics were included, all of them using a mixture of GOS:FOS (9:1) in infant formula for the first months of life; 24 papers with probiotics, where L. rhamnosus GG, B. lactis, L. casei, L. paracasei, L. reuteri, L. acidophilus, B. longum, B. breve and P. freudenreichii sp. were the tested bacterial strains; and two papers about symbiotics. CONCLUSIONS: Although there are some evidence of benefits of early supplementation with some specific probiotic strains, prebiotics and symbiotics for the prevention of atopic eczema in children with high risk of allergy development, and probiotic use for the treatment of IgE-mediated moderate and severe atopic dermatitis, further research is needed in order to extended the evaluation of supplemented individuals, safety aspects and long term effects
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Prevalence of Microorganisms and Immunoglobulins in Children with Tonsillar Hypertrophy and Adenoiditis(Fundação Otorrinolaringologia, 2014-09-01) Miramontes, Henrique Prestes; Fagundes, Djalma José [UNIFESP]; Jurgielewicz, Julia Coelho Lima E; Miramontes Neto, Haroldo Prestes; Oliveira, Renan Gianotto De; Oliveira, Gustavo Gianotto De; Souza, Maria Rosa Machado De; Universidade Anhembi Morumbi; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universdidade Cidade de São PauloIntroduction: Benign idiopathic tonsillar hypertrophy (HBI) may affect a child's quality of life and sleep. Several studies have sought to relate the clinical features of HBI with the infectious and/or immunologic changes that occur. Objective: To increase the knowledge of the etiology of HBI. Data Synthesis: From 2012 to 2013 we conducted a retrospective observational study of 101 children with HBI who underwent tonsillectomies at Ambulatory ENT General Hospital of the East Zone of São Paulo City, a region with a poor socioeconomic population. Preoperative serologic results were available to confirm mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus, anti-streptolysin O (ASLO) and immunoglobulins. The mean patient age was 5.8 years (55% male, 45% female). Using the Mann-Whitney U test, we identified significant gender differences in the parameters of immunoglobulins (Ig) M (IgM), IgA, and IgE. Forty-seven percent of the patients had increased ASLO levels, and 37% had increased IgE levels. Conclusion: An evaluation of a patient's serologic parameters and laboratory results may be relevant to the etiology and prevention of HBI. Based on the results obtained from the study sample, the identification of etiologic agents and causative factors remain a public health challenge that affects the quality of life of children.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Short and long term impact of adenotonsillectomy on the immune system(Assoc Brasileira Otorrinolaringologia & Cirurgia Cervicofacial, 2013-01-01) Santos, Fabio Pires [UNIFESP]; Weber, Raimar; Fortes, Bibiana Callegaro; Nagata Pignatari, Shirley Shizue [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Prof Edmundo Vasconcelos Hosp; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Prof Edmund Vasconcelos Hosp; Brazilian ENT HNS AssocPalatine and pharyngeal tonsils are immune reactive lymphoid organs that manifest specific antibodies and B/T-cell activity to respond to a variety of antigens. They perform humoral and cellular immune functions. the possible effects of adenotonsillectomy upon the immune system remain controversial.Objective: To study the short and long-term impacts of tonsillectomy upon the cellular and humoral immunity of children.Method: This longitudinal prospective study included 29 children referred to adenotonsillectomy for adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Serum IgA, IgM, and IgG and lymphocyte counts were analyzed at three points in time: before surgery, 1-2 month's after surgery (short term), and 12-14 months after surgery (long term).Results: TCD4+ cell counts were significantly increased shortly after surgery. IgA and IgG values were significantly reduced in the long run, but were within normal ranges for this age group.Conclusion: 'This study indicated that adenotonsillectomy does not pose negative short or long term impacts upon the cellular and humoral immunity of children submitted to the procedure.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosWhole blood genome-wide gene expression profile in males after prolonged wakefulness and sleep recovery(Amer Physiological Soc, 2012-11-01) Pellegrino, R. [UNIFESP]; Sunaga, D. Y.; Guindalini, C. [UNIFESP]; Martins, R. C. S. [UNIFESP]; Mazzotti, D. R. [UNIFESP]; Wei, Z.; Daye, Z. J.; Andersen, M. L. [UNIFESP]; Tufik, S. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); New Jersey Inst Technol; Univ PennPellegrino R, Sunaga DY, Guindalini C, Martins RC, Mazzotti DR, Wei Z, Daye ZJ, Andersen ML, Tufik S. Whole blood genome-wide gene expression profile in males after prolonged wakefulness and sleep recovery. Physiol Genomics 44: 1003-1012, 2012. First published September 4, 2012; doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00058.2012.-Although the specific functions of sleep have not been completely elucidated, the literature has suggested that sleep is essential for proper homeostasis. Sleep loss is associated with changes in behavioral, neurochemical, cellular, and metabolic function as well as impaired immune response. Using high-resolution microarrays we evaluated the gene expression profiles of healthy male volunteers who underwent 60 h of prolonged wakefulness (PW) followed by 12 h of sleep recovery (SR). Peripheral whole blood was collected at 8 am in the morning before the initiation of PW (Baseline), after the second night of PW, and one night after SR. We identified over 500 genes that were differentially expressed. Notably, these genes were related to DNA damage and repair and stress response, as well as diverse immune system responses, such as natural killer pathways including killer cell lectin-like receptors family, as well as granzymes and T-cell receptors, which play important roles in host defense. These results support the idea that sleep loss can lead to alterations in molecular processes that result in perturbation of cellular immunity, induction of inflammatory responses, and homeostatic imbalance. Moreover, expression of multiple genes was downregulated following PW and upregulated after SR compared with PW, suggesting an attempt of the body to re-establish internal homeostasis. in silico validation of alterations in the expression of CETN3, DNAJC, and CEACAM genes confirmed previous findings related to the molecular effects of sleep deprivation. Thus, the present findings confirm that the effects of sleep loss are not restricted to the brain and can occur intensely in peripheral tissues.