Navegando por Palavras-chave "hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis"

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    Alterations in the profile of blood neutrophil membrane receptors caused by in vivo adrenocorticotrophic hormone actions
    (Amer Physiological Soc, 2014-11-01) Machado, Isabel Daufenback; Santin, Jose Roberto; Drewes, Carine Cristiane; Gil, Cristiane Damas [UNIFESP]; Oliani, Sonia Maria; Perretti, Mauro; Poliselli Farsky, Sandra Helena; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); São Paulo State Univ; Queen Mary Univ London
    Elevated levels of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) mobilize granulocytes from bone marrow into the blood, although these neutrophils are refractory to a full migratory response into inflamed tissues. Here, we investigated the dependence of glucocorticoid receptor activation and glucocorticoid-regulated protein annexin A1 (ANXA1) on ACTH-induced neutrophilia and the phenotype of blood neutrophil after ACTH injection, focusing on adhesion molecule expressions and locomotion properties. ACTH injection (5 mu g ip, 4 h) induced neutrophilia in wild-type (WT) mice and did not alter the elevated numbers of neutrophils in RU-38486 (RU)-pretreated or ANXA1(-/-)mice injected with ACTH. Neutrophils from WT ACTH-treated mice presented higher expression of Ly6G(+) ANXA1(high), CD18(high), CD62L(high), CD49(high), CXCR4(high), and formyl-peptide receptor 1 (FPR1(low)) than those observed in RU-pretreated or ANXA1(-/-)mice. the membrane phenotype of neutrophils collected from WT ACTH-treated mice was paralleled by elevated fractions of rolling and adherent leukocytes to the cremaster postcapillary venules together with impaired neutrophil migration into inflamed air pouches in vivo and in vitro reduced formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 alpha)-induced chemotaxis. in an 18-h senescence protocol, neutrophils from WT ACTH-treated mice had a higher proportion of ANXAV(low)/CXCR4(low), and they were less phagocytosed by peritoneal macrophages. We conclude that alterations on HPA axis affect the pattern of membrane receptors in circulating neutrophils, which may lead to different neutrophil phenotypes in the blood. Moreover, ACTH actions render circulating neutrophils to a phenotype with early reactivity, such as in vivo leukocyte-endothelial interactions, but with impaired locomotion and clearance.
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    Hormonal and behavioural responses of paradoxical sleep-deprived rats to the elevated plus maze
    (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2002-07-01) Suchecki, D.; Tiba, P. A.; Tufik, S.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is observed immediately after 96 in of paradoxical sleep (PS) deprivation. However, when individually or group PS-deprived rats are challenged with a mild stressor, they exhibit a facilitation of the corticosterone response, and a faster return to basal levels than control rats. Because the housing condition influences coping behaviour, we tested whether the type of PS deprivation (individually or in group) influenced anxiety-like behaviour in the elevated plus-maze and the accompanying adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and corticosterone responses. Individually (I-DEP) or group deprived (G-DEP) rats and their appropriate control groups were either killed immediately after 96 h of sleep deprivation (time-point 0 or 'basal') or exposed to a 5-min test on the elevated plus maze and sampled 5, 20 or 60 min after test onset. Control of I-DEP rats showed reduced locomotor activity and augmented anxiety-like behaviour, replicating the effects of social isolation. Although I-DEP rats exhibited higher motor activity than cage control rats, these groups did not differ in regard to the percentage of entry and time spent in the open arms. G-DEP rats, in turn, ambulated more, entered and remained longer in the open arms, exhibiting less anxiety-like behaviour. PS-deprived rats exhibited higher ACTH and corticosterone 'basal' secretion than control rats. for all groups, peak ACTH secretion was reached at the 5-min time-point, returning to unstressed basal levels 60 min after the test, except for G-DEP rats, which showed a return at 20 min. Peak levels of corticosterone occurred at 5 min for PS-deprived groups and at 20 min for control groups. G-DEP rats showed a return to 'basal' unstressed levels at 20 min, whereas the I-DEP and control groups did so at 60 min. A negative correlation between exploration in the open arms and hormone concentrations was observed. These data indicate that housing condition influences the subsequent behaviour of PS-deprived rats in the EPM which, in turn, seems to determine the secretion profile of ACTH and corticosterone in response to the test.
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    Increased ACTH and corticosterone secretion induced by different methods of paradoxical sleep deprivation
    (Blackwell Science Ltd, 1998-12-01) Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]; Lobo, Leticia Leite [UNIFESP]; Hipólide, Débora Cristina [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The methods used to induce paradoxical sleep (PS) deprivation are believed to be stressful. in the present study, two methods were compared in regard to their ability to activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Animals were placed on multiple large (MLP) or small (MSP) platforms or on single large (SLP) or small (SSP) platforms and blood sampled at the end of a 4-day period of PS deprivation (experiment 1) or on Days 1 (short-term) and 1 (long-term) of PS deprivation (experiment 2). ACTH and corticosterone (CORT) levels were determined by RIA. the results of experiment 1 showed that all experimental animals presented increased ACTH response, compared to controls. CORT levels, however, were only elevated in MSP animals, suggesting increased adrenal sensitivity. Experiment 2 showed that ACTH levels of MSP animals were higher than MLP and SSP animals, and that animals placed on the multiple platform tanks showed the highest ACTH levels on Day 4 of manipulation. CORT levels were elevated in the animals kept over small platforms. and these levels where higher on Day 1 than basal and further elevated on Day 4 of PS deprivation. These results indicate that the multiple platform technique induces a distinct activation of the I-IPA axis, and that PS deprivation may act as an additional stressor.
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    Paradoxical sleep deprivation and sleep recovery: Effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, energy balance and body composition of rats
    (Blackwell Publishing, 2006-04-01) Hipolide, D. C.; Suchecki, D.; Pinto, APD; Faria, E. C.; Tufik, S.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Calif Riverside
    Numerous studies indicate that sleep deprivation alters energy expenditure. However, this conclusion is drawn from indirect measurements. in the present study, we investigated alterations of energy expenditure, body composition, blood glucose levels, plasma insulin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone levels immediately after 4 days of sleep deprivation or after 4 days of sleep recovery. Rats were sleep deprived or maintained in a control environment (groups sleep-deprived/deprivation and control/deprivation). One half of these animals were sacrificed at the end of the deprivation period and the other half was transported to metabolic cages, where they were allowed to sleep freely (groups sleep-deprived/recovery and control/recovery). At the end of the sleep recovery period, these rats were sacrificed. After sleep deprivation, sleep-deprived rats exhibited loss of body weight, augmented energy expenditure and reduced metabolic efficiency compared to control rats. These alterations were normalised during the sleep recovery period. the body composition of sleep-deprived rats was altered insofar as there was a loss of fat content and gain of protein content in the carcass compared to control rats. However, these alterations were not reversed by sleep recovery. Finally, plasma levels of insulin were reduced during the sleep deprivation period in both control and sleep deprived groups compared to the recovery period. After the deprivation period, plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels were increased in sleep-deprived rats compared to control rats, and although ACTH levels were similar between the groups after the sleep recovery period, corticosterone levels remained elevated in sleep-deprived rats after this period. By means of direct measurements of metabolism, our results showed that sleep deprivation produces increased energy expenditure and loss of fat content. Most of the alterations were reversed by sleep recovery, except for corticosterone levels and body composition.
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    Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces cortisol concentrations in bulimic disorders
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2011-06-01) Claudino, A. M. [UNIFESP]; Van den Eynde, F.; Stahl, D.; Dew, T.; Andiappan, M.; Kalthoff, J.; Schmidt, U.; Campbell, I. C.; Kings Coll London; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Kings Coll NHS Trust
    Background. in people with bulimic eating disorders, exposure to high-calorie foods can result in increases in food craving, raised subjective stress and salivary cortisol concentrations. This cue-induced food craving can be reduced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). We investigated whether rTMS has a similar effect on salivary cortisol concentrations, a measure of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) activity.Method. We enrolled twenty-two female participants who took part in a double-blind randomized sham-controlled trial on the effects of rTMS on food craving. Per group, eleven participants were randomized to the real or sham rTMS condition. the intervention consisted of one session of high-frequency rTMS delivered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Salivary cortisol concentrations were assessed at four time points throughout the 90-min trial. To investigate differences in post-rTMS concentrations between the real and sham rTMS groups, a random-effects model including the pre-rTMS cortisol concentrations as covariates was used.Results. Salivary cortisol concentrations following real rTMS were significantly lower compared with those following sham rTMS. in this sample, there was also a trend for real rTMS to reduce food craving more than sham rTMS.Conclusions. These results suggest that rTMS applied to the left DLPFC alters HPAA activity in people with a bulimic disorder.
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    Restricted and disrupted sleep: Effects on autonomic function, neuroendocrine stress systems and stress responsivity
    (W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2008-06-01) Meerlo, Peter; Sgoifo, Andrea; Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]; Univ Groningen; Univ Parma; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Frequently disrupted and restricted sleep is a common problem for many people in our modern around-the-clock society. in this context, it is an important question how sleep loss affects the stress systems in our bodies since these systems enable us to deal with everyday challenges. Altered activity and reactivity of these systems following insufficient sleep might have serious repercussions for health and well-being. Studies on both humans and rodents have shown that sleep deprivation and sleep restriction are conditions often associated with mild, temporary increases in the activity of the major neuroendocrine stress systems, i.e., the autonomic sympatho-adrenal system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. sleep deprivation may not only have a direct activating effect by itself but, in the tong run, it may also affect the reactivity of these systems to other stressors and challenges. Although the first signs of alterations in the way people deal with challenges under conditions of restricted sleep appear to be on the level of emotional perception, chronic sleep restriction may ultimately change the fundamental properties of neuroendocrine stress systems as well. Understandably, few controlled studies in humans have been devoted to this topic. Yet, experimental studies in rodents show that chronic sleep restriction may gradually alter neuroendocrine stress responses as well as the central mechanisms involved in the regulation of these responses. Importantly, the available data from studies in laboratory animals suggest that sleep restriction may gradually change certain brain systems and neuroendocrine systems in a manner that is similar to what is seen in stress-related disorders such as depression (e.g., reduced serotonin receptor sensitivity and altered regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis). Such data support the view that insufficient sleep, by acting on stress systems, may sensitize individuals to stress-related disorders. indeed, epidemiological studies suggest that sleep complaints and sleep restriction may be important risk factors for a variety of diseases that are often linked to stress, including cardiovascular diseases and mood disorders. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Serum copeptin in children exposed to maltreatment
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Coelho, Roberta; Levandowski, Mateus L.; Mansur, Rodrigo B.; Cunha, Graccielle Rodrigues da [UNIFESP]; Asevedo, Elson [UNIFESP]; Zugman, Andre [UNIFESP]; Salum, Giovanni A.; Gadelha, Ary [UNIFESP]; Pan, Pedro Mario [UNIFESP]; Rizzo, Lucas Bortolotto [UNIFESP]; Manfro, Gisele; Mari, Jair de Jesus [UNIFESP]; Rohde, Luis A.; Miguel, Euripedes C.; Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca [UNIFESP]; Brietzke, Elisa [UNIFESP]; Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo
    AimChildhood maltreatment (CM) has been related to a persistent reprograming of stress-response. Copeptin is a marker of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation