Navegando por Palavras-chave "health promotion"

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    Cross-Sectional Associations of Health-Related Quality of Life Measures With Selected Factors: A Population-Based Sample in Recife, Brazil
    (Human Kinetics Publ Inc, 2010-07-01) Soares, Jesus; Simoes, Eduardo J.; Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Pratt, Michael; Brownson, Ross C.; Ctr Dis Control & Prevent; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Washington Univ
    Background: We used data from a random telephone survey of 2045 adults in Recife, Brazil to investigate the associations of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with selected factors. Methods: We generated odds ratios of 4 HRQoL measures (perception of overall health, mentally unhealthy days, physically unhealthy days, and physically and mentally unhealthy days impeding usual activities) by levels of environmental factors (number of destinations, neighborhood aesthetics, neighborhood crime safety, neighborhood traffic interference, and neighborhood walkability), physical activity behavior, and participation in the Academia da Cidade Program (ACP). Results: Perception of overall health was associated with age, gender, education, body mass index (BMI) level, chronic disease, and having heard or seen an ACP activity. Mentally unhealthy days were associated with age, sex, BMI level, neighborhood aesthetics, and neighborhood crime safety. Physically unhealthy days were associated with age, sex, chronic diseases, leisure time physical activity, and neighborhood crime safety, and neighborhood traffic interference. Physically and mentally unhealthy days impeding usual activities were associated with chronic disease neighborhood crime safety, and traffic interference. Conclusions: The associations of HRQoL with environmental factors and health promoting programs may have public health policy implications and highlight the need for additional research into HRQoL in Brazil.
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    Day care centres as an institution for health promotion among needy children: an analytical study in São Paulo, Brazil
    (Nature Publishing Group, 2000-09-01) Silva, EMK; Miranda, C. T.; Puccini, R. F.; Nobrega, F. J.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: To evaluate the role of day care centres in the nutritional state of children belonging to a low-income population, comparing the nutritional state of the children in the day care centres with children in the same population who were given other types of day care.Design: Analytical cross-sectional study.Setting: Public day care centres/primary health care.Participants: Children aged 0-6 yr attending in 4 public day care centres (n = 446), and sample of population obtained during vaccination campaign (n = 1626).Measurement: Nutritional evaluation was conducted through weight and height measurements, using as a standard the NCHS (USA) table and Gomez and Waterlow methodology. the type of daily care received by the children was assessed through a questionnaire answered by the responsible persons during the vaccination campaign.Results: the nutritional status of children attended in the day care centers was better than children of the same community receiving other types of daily care (OR = 0.48; CI 95% = 0.36-0.65; P < 0.0001), the improvement was related to more than 1 year of enrollment in the day care (OR = 0.74; CI 95% = 0.57-0.96; P = 0.02).
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    Development and Implementation: B'More Healthy Communities for Kid's Store and Wholesaler Intervention
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2017) Schwendler, Teresa; Shipley, Cara; Budd, Nadine; Trude, Angela; Surkan, Pamela J.; Steeves, Elizabeth Anderson; Sato, Priscila de Morais [UNIFESP]; Eckmann, Thomas; Loh, Hong; Gittelsohn, Joel
    Higher rates of obesity and obesity-related chronic disease are prevalent in communities where there is limited access to affordable, healthy food. The B'More Healthy Communities for Kids (BHCK) trial worked at multiple levels of the food environment including food wholesalers and corner stores to improve the surrounding community's access to healthy food. The objective of this article is to describe the development and implementation of BHCK's corner store and wholesaler interventions through formal process evaluation. Researchers evaluated each level of the intervention to assess reach, dose delivered, and fidelity. Corner store and wholesaler reach, dose delivered, and fidelity were measured by number of interactions, promotional materials distributed, and maintenance of study materials, respectively. Overall, the corner store implementation showed moderate reach, dose delivered, and high fidelity. The wholesaler intervention was implemented with high reach, dose, and fidelity. The program held 355 corner store interactive sessions and had 9,347 community member interactions, 21% of which were with children between the ages of 10 and 14 years. There was a 15% increase in corner store promoted food stocking during Wave 1 and a 17% increase during Wave 2. These findings demonstrate a successfully implemented food retailer intervention in a low-income urban setting.
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    Effectiveness of home-based peer counselling to promote breastfeeding in the northeast of Brazil: A randomized clinical trial
    (Taylor & Francis As, 2005-06-01) Leite, AJM; Puccini, R. F.; Atallah, Álvaro Nagib [UNIFESP]; Da Cunha, ALA; Machado, M. T.; Fed Univ Ceara; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
    Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of home-based peer counselling to increase breastfeeding rates for unfavourably low birthweight babies. Methods: Randomized clinical trial carried out in maternity hospitals and households in Fortaleza, one of the regions in Brazil with very low income; 1003 mothers and their newborns were selected in eight maternity hospitals. Newborns needed were healthy and weighed less than 3000 g. Intervention: Breastfeeding counselling, conducted by lay counsellors from the community, during home visits carried out on days 5, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 after birth. Main outcome measure: Feeding methods in the fourth month of life. Results: the intervention increased exclusive breastfeeding ( 24.7% vs 19.4%; p = 0.044), delayed the introduction of formula and increased the time infants substituted breastfeeding to bottle milk ( bottle milk 33.4% in the control group and 20.1% in the intervention group; p = 0.00002). When comparing the frequency of artificial breastfeeding versus all other forms of breastfeeding ( exclusive + predominant + partial), the intervention increased breastfeeding rates in 39% (RR = 0.61; CI 95%: 0.50-0.75); 15% of children were free from artificial feeding ( absolute risk reduction). the number of families to be visited to avoid one child receiving artificial feeding ( NNT) was 7 (CI 95%: 5-13).Conclusions: Breastfeeding counselling, promoted by lay counsellors, can impact favourably on exclusive breastfeeding rates and contribute to delaying the utilization of milk formula and weaning. the intervention has great application potential because most cities in the northeast of Brazil count on community health workers that could do the counselling.
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    O ensino da promoção da saúde na graduação de fonoaudiologia na cidade de São Paulo
    (UNICAMP - Faculdade de Educação, 2010-12-01) Casanova, Isis Alexandrina [UNIFESP]; Moraes, Ana Alcídia de Araújo; Ruiz-Moreno, Lidia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal do Amazonas; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The National Curriculum Guidelines (NCG) for the courses on health recommend the teaching of health promotion in order to adapt curricula to the National Health System (NHS). The aim of this study was to characterize the teaching of health promotion in courses on speech-language therapy in the city of São Paulo, identifying its curricular insertion, educational strategies and changes offered by the NCG. Data collection consisted of documental review of teaching plans and interviews with coordinators of speech-language therapy courses. Data obtained from the teaching plans were systematized considering the name, curricular integration, teaching time, goals, content and teaching strategies. The nuclei that guided the thematic analysis of the interviews were conceptions and curriculum changes. Health promotion is taught in subjects with traditional practices and during internship, in different performance settings. In the coordinators' point of view, health promotion teaching is relevant for the insertion of a speech therapist in the NHS, although it is necessary to increase the number of experienced teachers in the public health area.
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    Investigação e controle de epidemia de escabiose: uma experiência educativa em aldeia indígena
    (Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo.Associação Paulista de Saúde Pública., 2001-07-01) Lofredo, Sonia Maria; Oliveira, Cândida Bernadete de; Rodrigues, Douglas [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Isabel Maria Teixeira Bicudo; Maeda, Solange Miki [UNIFESP]; FUNAI Departamento de Saúde; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    This work reports on an epidemic of scabies in a village of the tribe Panará, located in Xingu, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The educational strategies utilized and the difficulties found to obtain the adhesion of the comunity for the therapeutics actions, essentials to the control of the epidemic are discussed. These strategies, based on an conceptual framework for education in health rooted on the respect for the knowledge, values and necessities of the group, considered the participation of the comunity an essential element for the the adjustment of the initial plan. The actions and combined decisions of health profissionals, local leaderships and target population, made possible the investigation and the control of the epidemic.
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    Programa Embu Enxergando Melhor: uma proposta de atenção integral à saúde ocular em pré-escolares
    (Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo, 2008-06-01) Lapa, Maria Cecília S. [UNIFESP]; Freitas, Adriana Mavalli De; Pedroso, Glaura César [UNIFESP]; Furusato, Meiry Akiko [UNIFESP]; Ventura, Renato Nabas [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Embu Enxergando Melhor; Rede Básica de Saúde do Município de Embu; Escola Promotora de Saúde de Embu
    OBJECTIVE: Early detection and prompt treatment of ocular disorders in children are important to avoid lifelong visual impairment. This study aimed to describe a comprehensive eye health care program for preschool children. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out focusing eye health conditions of 23,374 children, between five and seven years old, of the public preschool system of Embu, a municipality of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1994 to 2002. Data were obtained from preschool vision screening programs performed by teachers and from ocular assessments of all children referred to ophatalmologic and orthoptic evaluation. RESULTS: 600 preschool teachers qualified for eye problems screening tested 22,118 (95%) preschool children out of 23,374 that attended the school during the study period. Among them, 4,553 (21%) needed an ophthalmologic exam and 3,016 (66%) were examined by the ophthalmologist. Of those examined, 1,389 (46%) neceived spectacles, 477 (16.8%) were referred to orthoptic care and 1,601 (53%) were discharged. CONCLUSIONS: Visual screening programs are successful for promoting eye health. Teachers, if appropriately trained, are helpful eye care partners. For effective preventive pediatric eye care, it is necessary to promote eye health education programs.
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    Projeto de extensão universitária: um espaço para formação profissional e promoção da saúde
    (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio, 2007-07-01) Brêtas, José Roberto da Silva [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Sônia Regina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This article covers the theoretical and practical aspects involved in a Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) extension project called Corporality and Health Promotion, the main purpose of which is to articulate actions in the fields of teaching, assistance, and research. This project is aimed at providing undergraduate and graduate students learning and experience opportunities in the field of health education with adolescents; providing the elaboration of teaching technologies that will be used to guide adolescents in the theme; undertake educational activities among students, teenagers and young people who attend social projects and public schools; develop research projects among the services that will revert to new teaching, intervention, and know-ledge generation practices. The project is carried out in the health promotion field, by means of actions that emphasize issues related to the body and to sexuality and aimed at teenagers and young people who attend elementary and high schools in Embu, State of São Paulo.
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    Promoção de atividade física para idosos: do diagnóstico à ação
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-10-24) Novais, Francini Vilela [UNIFESP]; Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: This study compared the effectiveness of three intervention strategies at the leisure-time physical activity level in an older adults cohort that live in the Vila Clementino region in São Paulo city. Methods: In this study 142 subjects with 60 years or older were included, and all from of the cohort EPIDOSO Project. The subjects were randomly assigned, obeying a gender and age distribution, and then divided into three groups: Minimal Intervention Group - GIM (n = 84), Physician Prescription Intervention Group - GPM (n = 25) and Intervention Group with individual counseling and referral to equipment - GAE (n = 33). The outcome "leisure-time physical activity" was evaluated by the long version of the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire - IPAQ" in four periods: baseline (2008/2009), pre-intervention (2012/2013), post-intervention 1 (three months) and post-intervention 2 (6 months). Differences between conditions and times in the groups were assessed with one-way ANOVA, chi-square and repeated measures analysis with a significance level of 5%. Results: 31% of the subjects at baseline were evaluated as physically active during leisure-time, this number has been stable for a period of four years only with minimal intervention. After different interventions were done, the GAE group was more effective in both increasing percentage of physically active individuals and of average minutes per week of activity compared to the other groups after 3 and 6 months. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that individualized counseling intervention with great support and based on motivational approaches and referral to programs are effective in both the short- and long-term, becoming potentially effective to be implemented on a large-scale, especially in primary health care.
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    Promoting Physical Activity Through Community-Wide Policies and Planning: Findings From Curitiba, Brazil
    (Human Kinetics Publ Inc, 2010-07-01) Reis, Rodrigo S.; Hallal, Pedro C.; Parra, Diana C.; Ribeiro, Isabela C.; Brownson, Ross C.; Pratt, Michael; Hoehner, Christine M.; Ramos, Luiz [UNIFESP]; Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana; Univ Fed Pelotas; Washington Univ; Ctr Dis Control & Prevent; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: Community programs have been suggested to be an important and promising strategy for physical activity (PA) promotion. Limited evidence is available regarding knowledge of and participation in these programs in Latin America. Objective: To describe participation in and knowledge of community PA programs and to explore associations with leisure-time PA in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Methods: A cross sectional telephone survey was conducted among adults in Curitiba, Brazil (n = 2097). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine levels of PA, and specific questions were used to evaluate the extent to which respondents knew about or participated in the programs conducted by the municipality. Logistic regression was used to assess the meeting of PA recommendations in leisure time based on program knowledge and participation. Results: Knowledge of PA programs was high (91.6%) and 5.6% of population participated in the programs. After adjusting for individual characteristics, exposure to Curitiba's PA community programs was associated with leisure-time PA (POR = 2.9, 95% CI = 2.9-3.0) and walking for leisure (POR = 2.4; 95% CI = 2.3-2.4). The associations were stronger among men than among women. Conclusions: Knowledge and participation in Curitiba's community PA programs were associated with meeting recommended levels of PA in leisure time.
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    Reclaiming the social in community movements: perspectives from the USA and Brazil/South America: 25 years after Ottawa
    (Oxford Univ Press, 2011-12-01) Wallerstein, Nina; Mendes, Rosilda [UNIFESP]; Minkler, Meredith; Akerman, Marco; Univ New Mexico; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Calif Berkeley; Saude Colet Fac Med ABC
    Since the Ottawa Charter 25 years ago, community participation has been adopted worldwide by nation states and communities as a core health promotion strategy. Rising inequities since that time, however, have been largely unchecked in the Americas and globally, and have presented us with an acutely paradoxical time for community participation and action. On the one hand, transnational globalized markets and accompanying economic and environmental devastation have challenged the effectiveness of community action to create health. On the other hand, hopeful signs of local through national and international activism and of new mechanisms for community engagement continue to surface as meaningful and effective democratic acts. This article presents a dialogue on these issues between colleagues in the United States and Brazil, and considers the broader applicability to Latin America and worldwide. We begin by discussing how community participation and community organizing grew out of our respective histories. We consider the catalytic role of the Ottawa Charter in spurring a reorientation of health promotion and the genesis of healthy city and community initiatives, as well as other current community organizing strategies and the growth of participatory research/CBPR. We unpack the potential for co-optation of both community and social participation and end with recommendations for what we can do to maintain our integrity of belief in democratic social participation to promote improved health and health equity.
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    Shared Participatory Research Principles and Methodologies: Perspectives from the USA and Brazil-45 Years after Paulo Freire's "Pedagogy of the Oppressed"
    (Mdpi Ag, 2017) Wallerstein, Nina; Giatti, Leandro L.; Bogus, Claudia Maria; Akerman, Marco; Jacobi, Pedro Roberto; de Toledo, Renata Ferraz; Mendes, Rosilda [UNIFESP]; Acioli, Sonia; Bluehorse-Anderson, Margaret; Frazier, Shelley; Jones, Marita
    The trajectory of participation in health research by community social actors worldwide has been built on a history of community participation from the Ottawa Charter Health Promotion call for community mobilization, to the emancipatory educational philosophy of Paulo Freire, to social movements and organizing for health and social justice. This paper builds on this history to expand our global knowledge about community participation in research through a dialogue between experiences and contexts in two prominent countries in this approach
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    Sustainability and power in health promotion: community-based participatory research in a reproductive health policy case study in New Mexico
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2016) Mendes, Rosilda [UNIFESP]; Plaza, Veronica; Wallerstein, Nina
    Health promotion programs are commonly viewed as value-free initiatives which seek to improve health, often through behavior change. An opposing view has begun to emerge that health promotion efforts, especially ones seeking to impact health policy and social determinants of health, are vulnerable to political contexts and may depend on who is in power at the time. This community-based participatory research study attempts to understand these interactions by applying a conceptual model focused on the power context, diverse stakeholder roles within this context, and the relationship of political levers and other change strategies to the sustainability of health promotion interventions aimed at health policy change. We present a case study of a health promotion coalition, New Mexico for Responsible Sex Education (NMRSE), as an example of power dynamics and change processes. Formed in 2005 in response to federal policies mandating abstinence-only education, NMRSE includes community activists, health promotion staff from the New Mexico Department of Health, and policy-maker allies. Applying an adapted Mayer's power analysis' instrument, we conducted semi-structured stakeholder interviews and triangulated political-context analyses from the perspective of the stakeholders. We identified multiple understandings of sustainability and health promotion policy change, including: the importance of diverse stakeholders working together in coalition and social networks; their distinct positions of power within their political contexts; the role of science versus advocacy in change processes; the particular challenges for public sector health promotion professionals; and other facilitators versus barriers to action. One problem that emerged consisted of the challenges for state employees to engage in health promotion advocacy due to limitations imposed on their activities by state and federal policies. This investigation's results include a refined conceptual model, a power-analysis instrument, and new understandings of the intersection of power and stakeholder strategies in the sustainability of health promotion and health in all policies.
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    Using Logic Models as Iterative Tools for Planning and Evaluating Physical Activity Promotion Programs in Curitiba, Brazil
    (Human Kinetics Publ Inc, 2010-07-01) Ribeiro, Isabela C.; Torres, Andrea; Parra, Diana C.; Reis, Rodrigo; Hoehner, Christine; Schmid, Thomas L.; Pratt, Michael; Ramos, Luiz R. [UNIFESP]; Simoes, Eduardo J.; Brownson, Ross C.; Ctr Dis Control & Prevent; Washington Univ; Pontific Catholic Univ Parana; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: The Guide for Useful Interventions for Activity in Brazil and Latin America (GUIA), a systematic review of community-based physical activity (PA) interventions in Latin American literature, selected the CuritibAtiva program for a comprehensive evaluation. We describe the process of developing logic models (LM) of PA community interventions from Curitiba, Brazil, and discuss influential factors. Methods: The year-long process included engaging stakeholders involved in the promotion of PA in Curitiba, working with stakeholders to describe the programs and their goals, and developing LMs for the 2 main secretaries promoting PA in the city. Results & Conclusions: As a result of stakeholder interviews and discussion and the development of the LMs, local officials are coordinating programming efforts and considering ways the programs can be more complementary. The process has prompted program managers to identify overlapping programs, refine program goals, and identify gaps in programming. It also helped to frame evaluation questions, identify data sources, describe realistic outcomes, and reinforce the importance of intersectoral alliances for public health impact. Developing LMs proved to be feasible in the Latin American context, therefore adaptable and useful for other PA promotion programs in the region.