Repositório Institucional - Unifesp :: Navegando por Palavras-chave "cytokines"

Navegando por Palavras-chave "cytokines"

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Acute effect of a resistance exercise session on markers of cartilage breakdown and inflammation in women with rheumatoid arthritis
(Wiley, 2017) Pereira Nunes Pinto, Ana Carolina; Natour, Jamil [UNIFESP]; De Moura Castro, Charlles Heldan [UNIFESP]; Eloi, Marina [UNIFESP]; Lombardi Júnior, Imperio [UNIFESP]
Aim: To assess the acute effect of resistance exercise (RE) on circulating biomarkers of cartilage breakdown and inflammation in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Thirty-four volunteers (17 with and 17 without RA), participated in a 25 min RE session (knee extension, knee flexion, hip abduction and hip adduction) with one set of 12 repetitions at 50% of one repetition maximum (1RM) and one set of eight repetitions at 75% of 1RM. Blood samples were collected 30 and 5 min before, immediately after and 1, 2 and 24 h after the session. We used analysis of variance for repeated-measures with Bonferroni adjustments to assess differences between groups over time. Results: In both groups we found significant changes in interleukin (IL)-1 beta (P = 0.045), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) (P < 0.001), IL-10 (P = 0.004), IL-6 (P < 0.001) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) P < 0.001) in response to exercise, but no changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha and C-reactive protein levels. We found no differences in the responses of the two groups to the session, except for COMP levels, which are more sensitive to exercise and rest effects in RA patients. Conclusion: Women with and without RA have similar changes in response to a RE session in levels of inflammation biomarkers, but not of cartilage breakdown. IL-10 and IL-1ra increased after the RE session, indicating that RE may have an acute anti-inflammatory effect. Additional studies are necessary to clarify if repeated RE sessions can have long-term anti-inflammatory effects and the possible clinical repercussions of this cartilage breakdown characteristic in response to exercise in RA patients.
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Aerobic exercise in polluted urban environments: effects on airway defense mechanisms in young healthy amateur runners
(Iop Publishing Ltd, 2016) Sá, Matheus Cavalcante de [UNIFESP]; Nakagawa, Naomi Kondo; Saldiva de Andre, Carmen Diva; Carvalho-Oliveira, Regiani; Carvalho, Tamas de Santana; Nicola, Marina Lazzari; de Andre, Paulo Afonso; Nascimento Saldiva, Paulo Hilario; Vaisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]
In this study, the effects of aerobic exercise on the upper airways and their defense mechanisms were investigated in athletes. The athletes ran in two different environments: the downtown streets of the city of Sao Paulo (Street), more polluted, and an urban forest (Forest), less polluted. Thirty-eight young healthy athletes ran for 45 min d(-1) randomly during five consecutive days, with an interval of 48 h before changing environment. Clinical parameters and respiratory tract defense markers were evaluated before and after the first run on Mondays (1 d) and on Fridays (5 d). Street presented higher mean PM2.5 concentrations (65.1 +/- 39.1 mu gm(-3), p < 0.001) and lower temperature (22.0 degrees C, p = 0.010) than Forest (22.6 +/- 15.3 mu g m(-3) and 22.8 degrees C). After 1 d Street running, subjects showed an increment in heart rate (p < 0.001). At day 5, there was twice the number of athletes with impaired nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC) in the Street runners group when compared to the Forest runners group. Exhaled breath condensate pH values increased in the Forest group, with significant differences between groups in day 1 (p = 0.006) and day 5 (p < 0.001), despite the fact that both groups showed values within the normal range. After exposure to both environments, the number of cells in the nasal lavage fluid was reduced after exercise (p = 0.014), without alterations in cell type and IL-8 and IL-10 concentrations. Aerobic exercise can either maintain or acutely enhance MCC and it may help to regulate inflammatory responses in the airways. Here we show that exercise practice in polluted outdoor environment, over a 5 d period, impairs MCC. In contrast, athletes running in the less polluted environment (Forest) show higher exhaled breath condensate pH values when compared to those who exercised in a more polluted environment (Street).
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Alterations in Cytokine Profile and Dendritic Cells Subsets in Peripheral Blood of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients before and after Biologic Therapy
(Blackwell Publishing, 2009-01-01) Marti, Luciana; Golmia, Ricardo; Fonseca Golmia, Andrea Pimentel; Paes, Angela Tavares [UNIFESP]; Guilhen, Daiane Donna; Moreira-Filho, Carlos Alberto; Scheinberg, Morton; Shoenfeld, Y.; Gershwin, M. E.; Hosp Albert Einstein; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Hosp Abreu Sodre Assoc Assistencia Crianca Defici
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic joint inflammation and continuous immune cell infiltration in the synovium. These changes are linked to inflammatory cytokine release, leading to eventual destruction of cartilage and bone. During the last decade new therapeutic modalities have improved the prognosis, with the introduction of novel biological response modifiers including anti-TNF alpha CTLA4Ig and, more recently, anti-IL6. in the present study we looked at the immunological effects of these three forms of therapy. Serum, obtained from patients with RA was analyzed for TNF alpha, IL6, IL10, IFN gamma, and VEGF, and in parallel, circulating plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells (DC) were enumerated before and after three infusions of the respective biological treatments. After treatment with anti-IL6, we found a significant reduction of IL6 and TNF alpha levels and the percentage of both DC subsets decreased. Although the results did not reach statistical significance for anti-TNF alpha treatment, similar trends were observed. Meanwhile, CTLA4Ig therapy led to the reduction IFN gamma levels only. None of the treatments modified significantly VEGF or IL10 levels. These findings may explain why patients with RA improve more rapidly on IL-6 therapy than with the other two modalities.
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Apoptosis of leukocytes: Basic concepts and implications in uremia
(Blackwell Science Inc, 2001-02-01) Jaber, Bertrand L. [UNIFESP]; Cendoroglo Neto, Miguel [UNIFESP]; Balakrishnan, Vaidyanathapuram S.; Perianayagam, Mary C.; King, Andrew J.; Pereira, Brian JG; Univ Fed Ceara; Hosp Clin Montevideo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
Circulating blood leukocytes have short life expectancies and end their lives by committing programmed cell death or apoptosis. Apoptosis is an active form of cell death that is initiated by a number of stimuli and is intricately regulated. Apoptosis in both excessive and reduced amounts has pathological implications. Evidence suggests that apoptosis may play a role in the pathophysiology of immune dysfunction in uremia. Indeed, accelerated programmed cell death has been observed in lymphocytes, monocytes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes among patients with chronic renal failure. This may be due in part to the retention of uremic toxins. The aim of this article is to review the evidence for accelerated leukocyte apoptosis, key regulatory apoptotic pathways, and the possible role of this highly organized process in the pathogenesis of immune dysfunction in uremia.
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Associations between cytokine gene polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss
(Elsevier B.V., 2003-02-01) Daher, S.; Shulzhenko, N.; Morgun, A.; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; Rampim, G. F.; Camano, L.; DeLima, M. G.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Since certain cytokines may play a role in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and also some cytokine gene polymorphisms may affect the level of cytokine production, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between RPL and polymorphisms of the genes coding for TNF-alpha (-308 G --> A), IL-10 (-1082 G --> A), IL-6 (-174 G --> C), and IFN-gamma (+874 A --> T). Genotyping was performed in 48 RPL women and 108 ethnically matched healthy individuals. in addition, we performed a meta-analysis encompassing the present results and those from studies on the association of TNF-alpha, IL-10 and IFN-gamma polymorphisms with RPL published in the literature until December 2001. the results showed: (1) no evidence of association with IL-6 gene polymorphisms; (2) significant associations, revealed by the meta-analysis, with the high cytokine production genotypes of IFN-gamma (+874 T/T: odds ratio (OR) = 1.92, P = 0.04) and IL-10 (-1082 G/G: OR = 1.75, P = 0.03), and a trend for association with the high TNF-alpha production genotypes -308 A/A and A/G (OR = 1.61; P = 0.18). We believe that the associations of these genotypes with RPL are interesting not only as risk factors but also because they represent another piece of evidence that these cytokines might be important in the pathogenesis of RPL. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
BALB/c and C57BL/6 Mice Cytokine Responses to Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Are Independent of Parasite Strain Infectivity
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2018) Ferreira, Bianca L. [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Eden Ramalho [UNIFESP]; Brito, Marlon Vilela de [UNIFESP]; Salu, Bruno Ramos [UNIFESP]; Oliva, Maria Luiza Vilela [UNIFESP]; Mortara, Renato Arruda [UNIFESP]; Orikaza, Cristina Mary [UNIFESP]
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas' disease, which affects 6-7 million people worldwide. Different strains of T. cruzi present specific genotypic and phenotypic characteristics that affect the host-pathogen interactions, and thus, the parasite has been classified into six groups (TcI to TcVI). T. cruzi infection presents two clinical phases, acute and chronic, both with distinct characteristics and important participation by the immune system. However, the specific contributions of parasite and host factors in the disease phases are not yet fully understood. The murine model for Chagas' disease is well-established and reproduces important features of the human infection, providing an experimental basis for the study of host lineages and parasite strains. Thus, we evaluated acute and chronic infection by the G (TcI) and CL (TcVI) strains of T. cruzi, which have distinct tropisms and infectivity, in two inbred mice lineages (C57BL/6 and BALB/c) that display variable degrees of susceptibility to different T. cruzi strains. Analysis of the parasite loads in host tissues by qPCR showed that CL strain established an infection faster than the G strain
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Biomarkers of spontaneous preterm birth: a systematic review of studies using multiplex analysis
(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2017) Polettini, Jossimara; Cobo, Teresa; Kacerovsky, Marian; Vinturache, Angela E.; Laudanski, Piotr; Peelen, Myrthe J. C. S.; Helmer, Hanns; Lamont, Ronald F.; Takeda, Jun; Lapointe, Jerome; Torloni, Maria Regina [UNIFESP]; Zhong, Nanbert; Menon, Ramkumar
Objective: Despite decades of research on risk indicators of spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), reliable biomarkers are still not available to screen or diagnose high-risk pregnancies. Several biomarkers in maternal and fetal compartments have been mechanistically linked to PTB, but none of them are reliable predictors of pregnancy outcome. This systematic review was conducted to synthesize the knowledge on PTB biomarkers identified using multiplex analysis. Materials and methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science) were searched for studies in any language reporting the use of multiplex assays for maternal biomarkers associated with PTB published from January 2005 to March 2014. Results: Retrieved citations (3631) were screened, and relevant studies (33) were selected for full-text reading. Ten studies were included in the review. Forty-two PTB-related proteins were reported, and RANTES and IL-10 (three studies) followed by MIP-1 beta, GM-CSF, Eotaxin, and TNF-RI (two studies) were reported more than once in maternal serum. However, results could not be combined due to heterogeneity in type of sample, study population, assay, and analysis methods. Conclusion: By this systematic review, we conclude that multiplex assays are a potential technological advancement for identifying biomarkers of PTB, although no single or combination of biomarkers could be identified to predict PTB risk.
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Biomarkers of Spontaneous Preterm Birth: An Overview of the Literature in the Last Four Decades
(Sage Publications Inc, 2011-11-01) Menon, Ramkumar; Torloni, Maria Regina [UNIFESP]; Voltolini, Chiara; Torricelli, Michela; Merialdi, Mario; Betran, Ana Pilar; Widmer, Mariana; Allen, Tomas; Davydova, Iulia; Khodjaeva, Zulfiya; Thorsen, Poul; Kacerovsky, Marian; Tambor, Vojtich; Massinen, Tytti; Nace, Judith; Arora, Chander; Univ Texas Med Branch; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Siena; WHO; Fed Res Ctr Obstet & Gynecol & Perinatol; Lillebaelt Hosp; Hradec Kralove Charles Univ; Perkin Elmer Corp; Univ Tubingen; Cedars Sinai Med Ctr
Background: Understanding spontaneous preterm birth ([PTB] < 37 weeks) is difficult due to heterogeneities associated with multitudes of risk factors and pathophysiological pathways. Several biomarkers are routinely used clinically for predicting preterm labor; however, these factors are either nonspecific or detected too late. Objective: Systematic review of literature on PTB biomarkers in the last 40 years to map out the existing knowledge and gaps in understanding PTB biomarkers. Search strategies: Five electronic databases were searched for human studies on PTB biomarkers published in any language between 1965 and 2008. Selection criteria: the phenotype of interest for final data extraction was exclusively spontaneous PTB with no rupture of membranes. Data extraction included (a) general characteristics of the study (clinical setting, period, and study design), (b) study/participant characteristics (inclusion and exclusion criteria, race/ethnicity, number of participants, gestational age at sampling, (c) characteristics of the biomarker (type, rationale for its selection, type of biological sample, and assay used, and (d) concentration of biomarkers in cases and controls. Data collection and analysis: the search yielded 7255 citations and data were extracted from 217 articles which met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Main results: A total of 116 different biomarkers were reported and these were assayed 578 times in the 217 included studies. Over two thirds of the 217 studies were performed on North American or European populations. No reliable biomarkers emerged as a risk predictor of PTB. Conclusions: Identifying similar studies on biomarkers for the prediction of PTB was a very challenging task due heterogeneities in study design, sampling issues (types, timing and processing), assay methods, and analyses. Major areas of concern identified in this review include poor phenotype definition, nonideal study designs and poor rationale for biomarker selection and assays and population stratification issues.
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Caracterização da resposta imune tecidual em pacientes pós-transplante renal com infecção fúngica causada pelo complexo de espécies cryptococcus neoformans / cryptococcus gattii
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-09-22) Solda, Marcel Vieira [UNIFESP]; Colombo, Arnaldo Lopes Colombo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction: Yeasts of the Cryptococcus neoformans / C. gattii species complex are an important cause of infection in humans and may cause symptoms of pneumonia and meningoencephalitis. Cryptococcosis is the second major systemic mycosis related to kidney transplantation, which is the most likely group of risk for developing cryptococcosis among solid organ transplant recipients. Aims: The objectives of this work were: a) to identify Cryptococcus spp. isolated from renal transplanted recipients with cryptococcosis, analyzing their intraspecific diversity; b) to characterize the pattern of granulomatous inflammatory response to the fungus in different clinical forms of cryptococcosis; c) to evaluate the in situ profile of T regulatory response in different clinical presentations. Methodology: The casuistic was selected at the Hospital São Paulo (HSP) and the Hospital do Rim e Hipertensão (HR) composed by 13 patients treated in these hospitals, who developed cryptococcal infection between the period of 2005 to 2012. The isolates of C. neoformans / C. gattii complex collected from these patients were identified by biochemical methods and by the Intergenic Spacer 1 (IGS1) ribosomal DNA sequencing, which was also used to assess the haplotype diversity. Paraffin tissue sections from biopsies of these same patients were used for histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The IHC analysis included the evaluation of cellular markers CD4 and Foxp3, and the cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β. Results: All clinical isolates were identified as C. neoformans var. grubii. The intraspecific analysis of the IGS1 region showed the occurrence of five genotypes, indicating some variability in this population. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis identified three different patterns of granulomas: a) compact, observed in skin biopsies exhibiting high numbers of Treg cells; b) loose, more frequent in lung biopsies and associated with low numbers of Treg cells; c) mixed, observed in lung and skin samples presenting characteristics of the two patterns of granuloma and high count of Treg cells. Conclusions: We conclude that the phenotypic and molecular methods provided accurate identification of the isolates, and intraspecific diversity within the IGS1 region suggests that this genetic target may be used for molecular epidemiology studies. Histopathologic analysis identified three different patterns of granulomatous response which reflect the differences in the efficiency of fungal containment and the extension of the lesion: a) compact epithelioid granulomas; b) loose macrophagic granulomas; c) mixed granulomas. The heterogeneity of tissue responses found in this group of patients may be associated with the immune status of the host, the different stages of infection, as well as the immunosuppressive therapy and antifungal treatment used. The analysis of markers of T regulatory response showed a predominance of this cell population in compact and mixed epithelioid granulomas. This study suggests that Treg cells may have a protective role in cryptococcosis, although more studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Cervical cerclage placement decreases local levels of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with cervical insufficiency
(Mosby-Elsevier, 2017) Monsanto, Stephany P.; Daher, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Ono, Erika [UNIFESP]; Tezotto Pendeloski, Karen Priscilla [UNIFESP]; Traina, Evelyn [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; Tayade, Chandrakant
BACKGROUND: Cervical insufficiency is characterized by premature, progressive dilation and shortening of the cervix during pregnancy. If left unattended, this can lead to the prolapse and rupture of the amniotic membrane, which usually results in midtrimester pregnancy loss or preterm birth. Previous studies have shown that proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha are up-regulated in normal parturition but are also associated with preterm birth. Studies evaluating such markers in patients with cervical insufficiency have evaluated only their diagnostic potential. Even fewer studies have studied them within the context of cerclage surgery. OBJECTIVES(S): The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of local and systemic inflammatory markers on the pathogenesis of cervical insufficiency and the effect of cerclage surgery on the local immune microenvironment of women with cervical insufficiency. STUDY DESIGN: We recruited 28 pregnant women (12- 20 weeks' gestation) diagnosed with insufficiency and referred for cerclage surgery and 19 gestational age-matched normal pregnant women as controls. Serum and cervicovaginal fluid samples were collected before and after cerclage surgery and during a routine checkup for normal women and analyzed using a targeted 13-plex proinflammatory cytokine assay. RESULTS: Before surgery, patients with cervical insufficiency had higher levels of interleukin-1b, interleukin-6, interleukin-12, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in cervicovaginal fluid compared to controls, but after surgery, these differences disappeared. No differences were found in serum of insufficiency versus control women. In patients with insufficiency, the levels of interleukin-1b, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and interferon gamma in cervicovaginal fluid declined significantly after cerclage compared with before intervention, but these changes were not detected in serum. CONCLUSION: Compared with normal women, patients with cervical insufficiency have elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in cervicovaginal fluid but not in serum, suggesting a dysregulation of the local immune environment. Cerclage intervention led to a significant decline in these proinflammatory cytokines, suggesting that cerclage may help reduce local inflammation in cervical insufficiency.
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Challenges of nutritional assessment in pediatric ICU
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009-05-01) Feferbaum, Rubens; Delgado, Artur F.; Zamberlan, Patricia; Leone, Claudio; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Purpose of reviewThe nutritional assessment of children in the pediatric ICU is unique in view of the metabolic changes of the underlying disease. This review addresses the use and limitations of anthropometry and laboratorial and body composition markers in the diagnosis of the nutritional status of such patients.Recent findingsThe presence of inflammatory activity leads to body composition changes (lean mass reduction) and undernutrition. Nutritional assessment in pediatric ICU must prioritize anthropometric and laboratory markers that can differentiate body composition to detect specific macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies and assessment of the inflammatory activity.SummaryNutritional assessment is one of the main aspects of the pediatric intensive care patient and is the most important tool to avoid hospital undernutrition. There is currently no gold standard for nutritional assessment in the pediatric ICU. the results of anthropometric and laboratory markers must be jointly analyzed, but individually interpreted according to disease and metabolic changes, in order to reach a correct diagnosis of the nutritional status and to plan and monitor the nutritional treatment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Changes in the Production of IL-10 and TNF-alpha in Skeletal Muscle of Rats with Heart Failure Secondary to Acute Myocardial Infarction
(Arquivos Brasileiros Cardiologia, 2010-03-01) Lopes, Renato Delascio [UNIFESP]; Batista Junior, Miguel Luiz; Rosa, Jose Cesar; Lira, Fabio Santos de [UNIFESP]; Martins, Eivor; Shimura, Alex Yamashita; Brum, Patricia Chakur; Lancha, Antonio Herbert; Seelaender, Martha C. L.; Lopes, Antonio Carlos [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Mogi das Cruzes; Duke Clin Res Inst
Background: Recent studies show that the expression of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, is an important factor for the development and progression of heart failure (HF), especially in the presence of left ventricular dysfunction. These changes have been demonstrated both in the plasma and heart muscle and, more recently, in skeletal muscle of rats and in patients with HF.Objective: To investigate the production and expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the soleus and the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of animals with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI).Methods: We used male Wistar rats that underwent ligation of the left coronary artery without reperfusion. Four weeks after this procedure, the animals underwent echocardiography and were divided into the following experimental groups: sham operated (sham) and IM. They remained under observation for a further period of 8 weeks.Results: the level of the cytokine TNF-alpha increased by 26.5% (p <0.05), and its gene expression increased 3 times (p <0.07). the level of IL-70 decreased by 38.2% (p <0.05). Both changes occurred only in the soleus muscle, with no change in the EDL. the decrease (36.5%, p <0.05) in the IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio was due to both increased tissue levels of TNF-alpha and decreased tissue levels of IL-10.Conclusion: Our results showed significant changes in the IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio, which may have an additive role in the assessment of deterioration and progression of left ventricular dysfunction post-MI. Furthermore, our study suggests that these changes seem to be related to the muscle fiber type. (Arq Bras Cardiol 2010; 94(3):293-300)
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Childhood maltreatment and inflammatory markers: a systematic review
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2014-03-01) Coelho, R.; Viola, T. W.; Walss-Bass, C.; Brietzke, E. [UNIFESP]; Grassi-Oliveira, R.; Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio Grande Sul PUCRS; Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
ObjectiveChildhood maltreatment (CM) has been associated with several diseases in adult life, including diabetes, obesity and mental disorders. Inflammatory conditions have been postulated as possible mediators of this relationship. the aim was to conduct a systematic review regarding the association between CM and inflammatory markers in adulthood.MethodA literature search of the PubMed, ISI, EMBASE and PsychINFO databases was conducted. the key terms used were as follows: Child Maltreatment', Childhood Trauma', Early Life Stress', Psychological Stress', Emotional Stress', Child Abuse' and Child Neglect'. They were cross-referenced separately with the terms: C-reactive Protein (CRP)', Tumor Necrosis Factor', Cytokine', Interleukin', Inflammatory' and Inflammation'.ResultsTwenty articles remained in the review after exclusion criteria were applied. Studies showed that a history of CM was associated with increased levels of CRP, fibrinogen and proinflammatory cytokines. Increased levels of circulating CRP in individuals with a history of CM were the most robust finding among the studies. Data about anti-inflammatory mediators are still few and inconsistent.ConclusionChildhood maltreatment is associated with a chronic inflammatory state independent of clinical comorbidities. However, studies are heterogeneous regarding CM assessment and definition. Important methodological improvements are needed to better understand the potential impact of CM on inflammatory response.
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Comparison of different delivery systems of vaccination for the induction of protection against tuberculosis in mice
(Elsevier B.V., 2001-05-14) Lima, K. M.; Bonato, VLD; Faccioli, L. H.; Brandao, I. T.; Santos, S. A. dos; Coelho-Castelo, AAM; Leao, S. C.; Silva, C. L.; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
The way to deliver antigens and cellular requirements for long-lasting protection against tuberculosis are not known. Immunizations with mycobacterial 65 kDa heat shock protein (hsp65) expressed from J774-hsp65 cells (antigen-presenting cells that endogenously produce hsp65 antigen) or from plasmid DNA, or with the protein entrapped in cationic liposomes. can each give protective immunity similar to that obtained from live Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), whereas injecting the protein in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) has minimal effect. Protective procedures elicited high frequencies of antigen-reactive rp T cells with CD4(+)/CD8(-) and CD8(+)/CD4(-) phenotypes. Protection correlated with the abundance of hsp65-dependent cytotoxic CD8(+)/CD4(-)/CD44(hi) cells. the frequency of these cells and the level of protection declined during 8 months after J774-hsp65 or liposome-mediated immunization with hsp65 protein but were sustained or steadily increased over this period after hsp65-DNA or BCG immunizations. IFN-gamma predominated over IL-4 among the hsp65-reactive CD8(+)/CD4(-) and CD4+/CD8(-) populations after J774-hsp65-, hsp65-liposome-, and hsp65-DNA-mediated immunizations, but similar levels of these cytokines prevailed after BCG vaccination. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Cytokine and hormonal profile in serum samples of patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation: interleukin-1 beta predicts ongoing pregnancy
(Oxford Univ Press, 2010-08-01) Bonetti, Tatiana Carvalho de Souza [UNIFESP]; Salomao, Reinaldo [UNIFESP]; Brunialti, Milena Karina Coló [UNIFESP]; Braga, D. P. A. F.; Borges Júnior, Edson [UNIFESP]; Silva, Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Fertil Assisted Fertilizat Ctr
Changes in the endometrium are not regulated exclusively by ovarian hormones; the immune system has also been implicated in normal endometrial function, similar to processes taking place during inflammatory and reparative path. Many cytokines are crucially important for reproductive processes, and the role of cytokines in the female reproductive system function has been broadly investigated during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) for IVF attempts. the aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of serum cytokines and hormones, and the clinical outcomes of women who underwent COS and ICSI procedures.The study prospectively included 96 patients (aged 22-43 years, unexplained or male infertility, n = 61; female infertility factors, n = 35) who underwent ICSI cycles. Serum levels of interleukin (IL-8, IL-6, IL-1 beta, IL-10, IL-12), tumour necrosis factor and leukaemia-inhibitory factor (LIF) and the hormones FSH, estradiol, progesterone, anti-Mullerian hormone and Inhibin-B were measured on the day of oocyte retrieval.The ongoing pregnancy rate was 25.3%. the presence of serum IL-1 beta positively affected the implantation rate (P = 0.004) and increased the chance of becoming pregnant by 15 fold. Furthermore, the percentage of patients with detectable serum IL-1 beta levels who conceived (62.5%) was higher than those who failed to conceive (37.5%; P = 0.019). the LIF was undetectable in all serum samples, and no other factors influenced the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing ICSI cycles.Our findings revealed that detectable serum levels of IL-1 beta on the day of oocyte retrieval in patients undergoing COS and ICSI are predictive of successful implantation and ongoing pregnancy.
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Cytokine gene polymorphisms in preeclampsia and eclampsia
(Nature Publishing Group, 2009-07-01) Barbosa de Lima, Telmo H.; Sass, Nelson [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; Moron, Antonio Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Torloni, Maria Regina [UNIFESP]; Franchim, Camila Sommerauer [UNIFESP]; Daher, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Alagoas State Univ
The clinical spectrum of preeclampsia ( PE) ranges from mild hypertension to severe vasospasm associated with convulsions and multiple organ damage. the biological factors that determine the progression of PE to eclampsia ( E) are unknown. Endothelial cell activation seems related to an impaired maternal immune response. the production of cytokines, IL-10 and TGF-beta 1, is apparently suppressed, and altered IL-2/IL-10 and TNF-alpha/IL-10 ratios have been reported in preeclamptic cases. the relationship between PE and cytokine gene polymorphism has been studied, but there are few studies that include eclamptic patients. This study aimed at investigating whether polymorphisms in genes, TNF-alpha promoter (-308 G>A), IL6 promoter (-174 G>C), IFN-gamma intron 1 (+874 A>T), IL10 promoters (-1082 A>G), (-819 C>T) and (-592 C>A) and TGF-beta 1 codon 10 (+869 T>C) and codon 25 (+915 G>C) are associated with E and/or PE. Genotyping was carried out in 266 Mulatto women from the northeastern region of Brazil who were referred to a single maternity hospital: 92 with PE, 73 with E and 101 normotensive controls. the chi(2) or Fisher's exact tests were used to compare genotype frequencies. Among the six single-nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs) studied, we found no difference in genotype frequencies between the groups. There was a higher frequency of IFN-gamma (+874 A) in eclamptic patients in comparison with that in controls. (70.3 vs. 57.8%, respectively; P=0.02). There were no other significant differences in allelic frequencies between eclamptic, preeclamptic and control groups We found no independent association between any single SNP and PE or E risk in this population of Mulatto women from the northeastern region of Brazil. Hypertension Research ( 2009) 32, 565-569; doi: 10.1038/hr.2009.58; published online 1 May 2009
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Cytokine gene variants and venous thrombotic risk in the BRATROS (BRAZILIAN THROMBOSIS STUDY)
(Elsevier B.V., 2007-01-01) Pieroni, Fabiano; Lourenco, Dayse M.; Morelli, Vania M.; Maffei, Francisco H.; Zago, Marco A.; Franco, Rendrik F.; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); State Univ Sao Paolo; Fleury Res Inst
Introduction: Venous thrombosis (VT) and inflammation are two closely related entities. in the present investigation we assessed whether there is a relation between genetic modifiers of the inflammatory response and the risk of VT.Materials and methods: 420 consecutive and unrelated patients with an objective diagnosis of deep VT and 420 matched controls were investigated. the frequencies of the following gene polymorphisms were determined in all subjects: TNF-alpha-308 G/A, LT-alpha+252 A/G, IL-6-174 G/C, IL1-ra 86 bp VNTR, IL-10-1082 A/G and CD-31 125 C/G.Results: Overall odds ratio (OR) for VT related to TNF-alpha-308 G/A, LT-alpha+252 A/G, IL-6-174 G/C, Al allele (4 bp repeat) of the IL1 -ra 86 bp VNTR, IL-10-1082 A/G and CD-31 125 C/G were respectively: 1.0 (CI95: 0.8-1.5), 1.3 (095: 1.0-1.7), 1.1 (CI95: 0.9-1.5), 1.6 (CI95: 1-2.5), 1.2 (CI95: 0.8-1.7) and 0.8 (CI95: 0.6-1.1). A possible interaction between polymorphisms was observed only for the co-inheritance of the mutant alleles of the LT-alpha+252 A/G and IL-10-1082 G/A polymorphisms (OR=2; CI95: 1.1-3.8). the risk of VT conferred by factor V Leiden and FII G20210A was not substantially altered by co-inheritance with any of the cytokine gene polymorphisms.Conclusions: Cytokine gene polymorphisms here investigated did not significantly influence venous thrombotic risk. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Cytokine kinetics in nasal mucosa and sera: new insights in understanding upper-airway disease of marathon runners
(W W F Verlagsgesellschaft Gmbh, 2013-01-01) Vaisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]; Suguri, Vinícius Magalhães [UNIFESP]; Gregório, Luiz Carlos [UNIFESP]; Lopes, Jose Daniel [UNIFESP]; Bachi, Andre Luis Lacerda [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Recently, many authors have proposed that mechanisms such as inflammation and/or allergies could be partly responsible for cases of upper respiratory tract illnesses that affect athletes after exhaustive exercise. Here we studied the kinetics of cytokines in the serum and nasal mucosa of athletes after a marathon. We were able to demonstrate an increase in serum levels of all interleukins studied immediately after the marathon in athletes that present or not with upper airways symptoms followed by a return to basal levels 72 hours after the race, as described in the literature. Interleukin (IL)-10 behaviour differed in the group of asymptomatic athletes. Measurement of this cytokine in protein extract of nasal mucosal cells showed increase 72 hours after the marathon. Levels of this cytokine in sera were increased at rest in athletes that did not present symptoms. These findings suggest that the maintenance of a non-inflammatory environment in the mucosal airways is an active process that requires participation of the systemic and mucosal immune systems. We propose that the understanding of the upper airway disease of the athlete involves the study of mucosal and systemic immune systems.
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Cytokine Levels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review of the Literature
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2013-06-01) Gomes, Caio Perez [UNIFESP]; Torloni, Maria Regina [UNIFESP]; Gueuvoghlanian-Silva, Barbara Yasmin [UNIFESP]; Alexandre, Sandra Maria [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; Daher, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Problem Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an inflammatory condition that involves unbalanced cytokine production. We carried out a systematic review on the relationship between GDM and maternal circulating levels of cytokines in the 2nd/3rd trimesters. Method of Study Three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS), were searched. Duplicate study selection, extraction and quality assessment was performed. Results Twenty-two studies with 1982 participants reporting levels of 9 cytokines (IL-1B, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-18, IFN-G, TGF-B and TNF-A) were included. Most studies differed considerably in selection criteria, sampling and assay methods and in reporting their results. Consequently, only two studies could be pooled: TNF-A concentration was slightly higher in GDM than in control patients, although not significant (WMD=0.45, 95% CI 0.341.23). Conclusions New studies with well-defined, more homogeneous methodological parameters are needed to detect whether there are significant differences in circulating levels of cytokines in patients with GDM.
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Cytokines and pediatric open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass
(Greenwich Medical Media Ltd, 2001-01-01) Carvalho, Marcus Vinicius Henriques de [UNIFESP]; Maluf, Miguel Angel [UNIFESP]; Catani, Roberto [UNIFESP]; La Rotta, CAA; Gomes, Walter José [UNIFESP]; Salomão, Reinaldo [UNIFESP]; Silva, Celia Maria Carneiro; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos de [UNIFESP]; Branco, João Nelson Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; Buffolo, Enio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
It is well known that, subsequent to cardiopulmonary bypass, and particularly in children, an inflammatory response within the body can often result in a characteristic syndrome. Recently, it has been suggested that this phenomenon is due to a systemic inflammatory response, with significant involvement of cytokines. With this in mind, we investigated the behavior of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 during the operative and in the immediate postoperative period in a group of children submitted to Open heart surgery. We investigated any possible relation between the levels of these cytokines in the serum and the length of cardiopulmonary bypass, with the serum levels of lactate, and with the extent of use of inotropic drugs in postoperative period. The cytokines were measured in samples withdrawn after induction of anesthesia, after 10 minutes of cardiopulmonary bypass, after re-establishment of circulation, and then 2 and 24 hours after the end of cardiopulmonary bypass. The levels of tumour necrosis factor-a and interleukin-6 increased between the beginning and at two hours of the end of cardiopulmonary bypass. There was no correlation between the levels of these cytokines in the serum and the length of cardiopulmonary bypass, although there was a positive relation between levels of interleukin-6 and lactate in samples withdrawn at two hours of the end of bypass, and the measured levels of the cytokines correlated with the extent of inotropic drugs employed in the postoperative period.

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