Navegando por Palavras-chave "cocaine-related disorders"

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    Crack cocaine: A five-year follow-up study of treated patients
    (Karger, 2007-01-01) Ribeiro, M.; Dunn, J.; Sesso, R.; Lima, M. S.; Laranjeira, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Camden & Islington Mental Hlth & Social Care Trus; Fed Univ Pelotas
    Objectives: To follow-up a group of 131 crack cocaine users and examine drug use, treatment experience, employment status, involvement in crime and mortality at 2 and 5 years. Methods: Consecutive crack-dependent patients who were admitted to a detoxification unit in São Paulo between 1992 and 1994 were re-interviewed on two occasions: 1995-1996 and 1998-1999. Results: 5 years after treatment information was obtained on 124 (95%) of the original cohort. 39.7% (n = 52) of the patients reported having been abstinent from cocaine for at least the last year, and 21.4% (n = 28) had used the drug. of those subjects not using cocaine at 2 years, 19 (62%) were still abstinent at 5 years. Twenty-three (17.6%) patients had died by the 5-year follow-up with homicide, due to firearms or other weapons, being the commonest cause ( n = 13). the annual adjusted mortality rate for the sample was 24.92 deaths/1,000 individuals, the excess mortality rate was of 21.64 deaths/1,000 individuals, and the standardized mortality ratio was 7.60. A history of injecting drug use, unemployment at the time of the index admission and administrative discharge at the index admission were factors that contributed to the risk of dying over the next 5 years. Conclusions: There was a progressive movement towards abstinence over the follow-up period, and there was evidence that once abstinence had been achieved it was maintained. On the other hand, the mortality rate was extremely high and was higher among those who were still using crack at 2 years. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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    Craving decrease with topiramate in outpatient treatment for cocaine dependence: an open label trial
    (Assoc Brasileira Psiquiatria, 2008-06-01) Diehl, Alessandra [UNIFESP]; Castro, Luiz Andre [UNIFESP]; Faria, Roberta [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: To evaluate anticraving action and tolerability of topiramate in cocaine user treatment. Method: Male users of inhaled cocaine which met criteria for cocaine dependence (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition) were selected for outpatient 12-week, open label trial with topiramate; individual dosage ranged between 25-300 mg/day. Main clinical variables were abstinence rate, craving intensity, frequency and duration, adherence, dropouts, side effects and impulsivity measure through Barratt Impulsivity Scale. Patients received assertive strategic counseling for abstinence assistance and medication monitoring evaluation every two weeks. Comparative analysis was made with intention to treat, missing values were replaced (last observation carried forward), and significance level was 5%. Results: Adherence to treatment was 57% (at least three evaluations), 32% dropped out (one evaluation). There were no severe side effects. Negative test average was 25.4% (31.2). Significant reduction in craving intensity and duration was observed in 25% of the sample. No statistical significant reduction in craving frequency was observed in 7.1%. Increase in frequency was observed in 10.7% and 82.1% did not present any variation. No significant statistical variations in Barratt Impulsivity Scale or in the total score were found in the final evaluation when compared to baseline. Conclusion: More randomized placebo-controlled trials with topiramate for cocaine dependants should be performed to evaluate preliminary evidence.